中国组织工程研究 ›› 2020, Vol. 24 ›› Issue (32): 5133-5137.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.2861

• 脊柱组织构建 spinal tissue construction • 上一篇    下一篇

内镜下行单、双侧减压修复对侧症状型腰椎间盘突出症的优效性比较

王秋安,袁  峰,吴继彬,孙玛骥,吴东迎,孟  强,郭开今   

  1. 徐州医科大学附属医院骨科,江苏省徐州市  221002
  • 收稿日期:2019-10-22 修回日期:2019-10-24 接受日期:2020-01-17 出版日期:2020-11-18 发布日期:2020-09-25
  • 通讯作者: 袁峰,主任医师,医学博士,硕士生导师,徐州医科大学附属医院骨科,江苏省徐州市 221002
  • 作者简介:王秋安,男,1993年生,江苏省宿迁市人,硕士研究生在读,医师,主要从事脊柱外科研究。
  • 基金资助:
    江苏省科技厅项目(社会发展-临床前沿技术,BE2016647);江苏省卫生计生委科研项目(H201630)

Endoscopic unilateral versus bilateral decompression effects on lumbar disc herniation with contralateral symptoms

Wang Qiuan, Yuan Feng, Wu Jibin, Sun Maji, Wu Dongying, Meng Qiang, Guo Kaijin   

  1. Department of Orthopedics, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221002, Jiangsu Province, China
  • Received:2019-10-22 Revised:2019-10-24 Accepted:2020-01-17 Online:2020-11-18 Published:2020-09-25
  • Contact: Yuan Feng, MD, Chief physician, Master’s supervisor, Department of Orthopedics, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221002, Jiangsu Province, China
  • About author:Wang Qiuan, Master candidate, Physician, Department of Orthopedics, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221002, Jiangsu Province, China
  • Supported by:
    the Project of Jiangsu Provincial Science and Technology Department, No. BE2016647; the Scientific Research Project of Jiangsu Provincial Health and Family Planning Commission, No. H201630

摘要:

文题释义:

腰椎间盘突出症是常见的脊柱疾患,主要是因为腰椎间盘各部分在有不同程度退行性改变后,在外力因素或其他因素的作用下,椎间盘的纤维环破裂,髓核等组织从破裂之处突出(或脱出)于后方或椎管内,导致相邻脊神经根受刺激或压迫,从而产生腰部疼痛,以及一侧下肢或双下肢麻木、疼痛等一系列临床症状。

内镜下(经皮椎间孔镜)椎髓核摘除手术:与传统手术相比具有创伤小、恢复快、安全可靠等特点,现已越来越广泛的应用于腰椎间盘突出症的治疗。

背景:腰椎间盘突出症多为突出部分压迫一侧神经根引起同侧神经根受压症状,一侧腰椎间盘突出而对侧出现症状的病例在临床上并不多见,因此对于此类腰椎间盘突出症目前尚无特定的分型及命名,文中将其称为“对侧症状腰椎间盘突出症”。

目的:探讨在内镜下椎间孔入路腰椎髓核摘除术治疗对侧症状腰椎间盘突出症患者,行单侧或双侧减压的疗效对比。

方法回顾性选取20151月至201812月收治,并行内镜下椎间孔入路腰椎髓核摘除术的40例对侧症状型腰椎间盘突出症患者,以减压方式不同将患者分为突出侧减压组20例和双侧减压组20例。分别记录两组患者术前、术后第3天及第3612个月腰部、下肢目测类比评分以及日本骨科协会JOA评分;术后12个月采用改良Macnab标准评定疗效,复查腰椎动力位X射线片评估腰椎稳定性。

结果与结论:40例患者均获得随访,随访时间12-20个月,平均16个月。①两组均未出现硬膜囊撕裂、椎间隙感染等并发症;②两组患者术后腰部及下肢疼痛均有明显缓解,且与术前相比,术后JOA评分有明显提高,术后腰部及下肢目测类比评分明显降低,差异均有统计学意义(P < 0.05);双侧减压组各对应时间点的目测类比评分及JOA评分均优于突出侧减压组(P < 0.05);③术后12个月改良Macnab评估结果示,突出侧减压组优良率为70%,双侧减压组优良率为95%,两组间差异有统计学意义(P < 0.05);④术后12个月复查腰椎动力位X射线片,两组均未出现腰椎失稳或滑脱的情况。提示:对于对侧症状腰椎间盘突出症患者采取经皮内镜下椎间孔入路腰椎髓核摘除术治疗,两种减压方式均可改善疼痛症状,但双侧减压较突出侧的单侧减压,减压更充分,术后恢复效果更佳。

ORCID: 0000-0002-7636-0921(王秋安)

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:组织构建;骨细胞;软骨细胞;细胞培养;成纤维细胞;血管内皮细胞;骨质疏松;组织工程

关键词: 椎间孔镜, 椎间孔入路, 腰椎间盘突出症, 对侧症状, 单侧减压, 双侧减压, 脊柱

Abstract:

BACKGROUND: Lumbar disc herniation is mostly accompanied by ipsilateral compression symptoms caused by the pressure of herniated portion on the ipsilateral nerve root. Rare cases are reported to present with contralateral compression symptoms. So there is currently no specific classification and nomenclature for this type of lumbar

disc herniation, which is referred to as lumbar disc herniation with contralateral symptoms in this article.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the efficacy of endoscopic lumbar nucleus pulposus removal for unilateral versus bilateral decompression in patients with lumbar disc herniation presenting with contralateral symptoms.  

METHODS: Forty patients with contralateral symptomatic lumbar disc herniation who underwent endoscopic lumbar nucleus pulposus surgery from January 2015 to December 2018 were enrolled in enrolled for retrospective analysis. According to the different decompression methods, the patients were randomly divided into an ipsilateral decompression group (n=20) and a bilateral decompression group (n=20). The visual analogue scale (VAS) and Japanese Orthopedics Association (JOA) scores of the lumbar and lower extremities before and at 3, 6, and 12 months after surgery were recorded. Clinical efficacy was evaluated by the modified Macnab standard at 12 months after surgery. Dynamic X-rays of the lumbar spine were used to evaluate lumbar stability.

RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: All the 40 patients were followed up for 12-20 months, with an average of 16 months. There were no complications such as dural sac tear and intervertebral space infection in the two groups. The pain in the lower back and lower extremities were significantly relieved in both groups. The postoperative JOA score was significantly higher than that before surgery; and the postoperative VAS scores of the waist and lower extremities were significantly lower than those before surgery (P < 0.05). The VAS and JOA scores in the bilateral decompression group were significantly superior to those in the unilateral decompression group (P < 0.05). The improved Macnab evaluation at 12 months after surgery showed that the excellent and good rate was 70% in the unilateral decompression group, and 95% in the bilateral decompression group, with significant difference between two groups (P < 0.05). Lumbar spine dynamic X-rays at 12 months after surgery showed no lumbar instability or slippage in the two groups. For patients with lumbar disc herniation presenting with contralateral symptoms who underwent percutaneous transforaminal lumbar nucleus pulposus removal, pain symptoms eased off after treatment with two decompression methods, but the bilateral decompression had better postoperative recovery compared with the unilateral decompression.

Key words: intervertebral foramen, transforaminal approach, lumbar disc herniation, contralateral symptoms, unilateral decompression, bilateral decompression, spine

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