中国组织工程研究 ›› 2023, Vol. 27 ›› Issue (21): 3300-3306.doi: 10.12307/2023.415

• 组织工程血管材料 tissue-engineered vascular materials • 上一篇    下一篇

聚己内酯和β-磷酸三钙复合支架经血小板衍生生长因子BB修饰后的促血管生成作用

赵金龙,刘继超,于  洋   

  1. 西安交通大学医学院附属三二〇一医院骨科,陕西省汉中市  723000
  • 收稿日期:2022-04-18 接受日期:2022-06-02 出版日期:2023-07-28 发布日期:2022-11-24
  • 作者简介:赵金龙,男,1980年生,汉族,陕西省延安市人,硕士,副主任医师,主要从事脊柱和创伤研究。

Promoting angiogenesis of platelet-derived growth factor BB modified polycaprolactone and beta-tricalcium phosphate composite scaffolds

Zhao Jinlong, Liu Jichao, Yu Yang   

  1. Department of Orthopedics, The 3201 Hospital Affiliated to Xi’an Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Hanzhong 723000, Shaanxi Province, China
  • Received:2022-04-18 Accepted:2022-06-02 Online:2023-07-28 Published:2022-11-24
  • About author:Zhao Jinlong, Master, Associate chief physician, Department of Orthopedics, The 3201 Hospital Affiliated to Xi’an Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Hanzhong 723000, Shaanxi Province, China

摘要:


文题释义:

血小板衍生生长因子:是来源于血小板的一种双链二聚体可溶性糖蛋白,包含5种同分异构体,广泛存在于骨组织中,在骨损伤修复与创伤愈合中具有重要作用,其既是结缔组织细胞和其他类型细胞的主要有丝分裂原,又是一种高效促细胞趋化因子,可刺激成骨细胞等的增殖与迁移,促进血管再生。
聚己内酯/β-磷酸三钙支架:聚己内酯具有良好的生物可降解性与生物相容性,是骨组织工程支架的主体材料之一,但其单独应用还存在很多问题,例如缺乏生物活性、机械性能差、降解速度较慢等,所以,改性与优化聚己内酯是目前的热点研究内容。β-磷酸三钙具有与天然骨矿物质相似的化学成分与晶体结构,拥有良好的机械强度、骨传导与骨诱导作用,将其与聚己内酯复合可提升支架的成骨诱导性与机械性能。

背景:组织工程技术的发展为骨缺损的修复重建提供了新的思路,但是血管化问题使组织工程骨应用于临床受到了制约。血小板衍生生长因子在促进骨细胞形成的同时也可促进骨组织中血管的形成。
目的:观察聚己内酯/β-磷酸三钙/血小板衍生生长因子BB支架对骨髓间充质干细胞成骨分化及人脐静脉内皮细胞增殖、黏附的影响,以及修复骨缺损的效果。
方法:①利用3D快速成形机制备聚己内酯/β-磷酸三钙支架(记为PCL/β-TCP支架),将支架浸渍于血小板衍生生长因子BB溶液中制备聚己内酯/β-磷酸三钙/血小板衍生生长因子BB支架(记为PCL/β-TCP/PDGF BB支架)。②体外实验:将骨髓间充质干细胞、人脐静脉内皮细胞分别接种于两种支架上,检测骨髓间充质干细胞的成骨分化情况,检测人脐静脉内皮细胞的增殖、黏附与成血管基因表达。③体内实验:取21只成年大鼠,建立双侧胫骨缺损模型,实验组植入PCL/β-TCP/PDGF BB支架,对照组植入PCL/β-TCP支架,空白组不植入支架,每组7只。术后12周,进行Micro-CT扫描、骨组织形态学观察及成骨与成血管基因检测。
结果与结论:①体外实验:与PCL/β-TCP支架相比,PCL/β-TCP/PDGF BB支架可促进骨髓间充干细胞的成骨分化,促进人脐静脉内皮细胞的增殖与黏附,促进人脐静脉内皮细胞血管内皮生长因子、CD31 mRNA的表达。②体内实验:Micro-CT扫描显示,空白组可见明显的骨缺损,对照组、实验组均可见大量新生的骨组织,实验组修复效果更明显。苏木精-伊红染色、Masson和番红固绿染色显示,空白组没有明显骨组织形成;对照组可见大量成熟度较高的骨基质及相对较少的不成熟软骨组织;实验组可见大量的骨样组织及成熟度较高的软骨组织,大部分髓腔再通。RT-PCR检测显示,实验组骨形态发生蛋白2、碱性成纤维细胞生长因子、碱性磷酸酶、骨钙素、血管内皮生长因子、CD31的mRNA表达量均高于对照组(P < 0.05)。③结果表明:相比于PCL/β-TCP支架,PCL/β-TCP/PDGF BB支架可促进骨髓间充质干细胞的成骨分化、人脐静脉内皮细胞的增殖、黏附并表达成血管相关基因,促进骨缺损的修复。
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1062-9684(赵金龙)

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:生物材料;骨生物材料口腔生物材料纳米材料缓释材料材料相容性组织工程

关键词: 骨缺损, 聚己内酯, β-磷酸三钙, 血小板衍生生长因子(PDGF)BB, 血管形成, 组织工程

Abstract: BACKGROUND: The development of tissue engineering technology provides new ideas for the repair and reconstruction of bone defects, but the problem of vascularization restricts the clinical application of tissue engineered bone. Platelet-derived growth factor can promote the formation of blood vessels in bone tissue while promoting the formation of bone cells. 
OBJECTIVE: To observe the effects of polycaprolactone /β-tricalcium phosphate/platelet-derived growth factor BB (PCL/β-TCP/PDGF BB) scaffold on osteogenic differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells and proliferation and adhesion of human umbilical vein endothelial cells in vitro, as well as the effect of its application in animal bone defects.
METHODS: (1) Polycaprolactone/β-tricalcium phosphate scaffolds were prepared by 3D rapid prototyping machine, and the scaffolds were immersed in platelet-derived growth factor BB solution to prepare PCL/β-TCP/PDGF BB scaffold. (2) In vitro experiment: Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells and human umbilical vein endothelial cells were inoculated on two kinds of scaffolds, respectively, to detect the osteogenic differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells, and to detect the proliferation, adhesion and angiogenic gene expression of human umbilical vein endothelial cells. (3) In vivo experiment: 21 adult rats were taken to establish a bilateral tibial defect model. The experimental group (n=7) was implanted with PCL/β-TCP/PDGF BB scaffolds; the control group (n=7) was implanted with PCL/β-TCP scaffolds; the blank group (n=7) was not implanted with scaffolds. At 12 weeks after operation, micro-CT scanning, bone histomorphological observation, and gene detection of osteogenesis and angiogenesis were performed.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) In vitro experiment: Compared with PCL/β-TCP scaffold, PCL/β-TCP/PDGF BB scaffold could promote the osteogenic differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells, promote the proliferation and adhesion of human umbilical vein endothelial cells, and promote vascular endothelial growth factor and CD31 mRNA expression in human umbilical vein endothelial cells. (2) In vivo experiments: Micro-CT scans exhibited that bone defects were obvious in the blank group. A large amount of new bone tissue was visible in both control and experimental groups. The repair effect of the experimental group was more clear. Hematoxylin-eosin staining, Masson and safranin fast green staining displayed that there was no obvious bone tissue formation in the blank group. In the control group, a large amount of mature bone matrix and relatively less immature cartilage tissue were detectable. In the experimental group, a large amount of osteoid tissue and mature cartilage tissue were seen, and most of the medullary cavity was recanalized. RT-PCR detection showed that the mRNA expression levels of bone morphogenetic protein 2, basic fibroblast growth factor, alkaline phosphatase, osteocalcin, vascular endothelial growth factor and CD31 in the experimental group were higher than those in the control group (P < 0.05). (3) It is concluded that compared with PCL/β-TCP scaffold, PCL/β-TCP/PDGF BB scaffold promoted the osteogenic differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells, the proliferation, adhesion and expression of angiogenic genes of human umbilical vein endothelial cells, and promoted the repair of bone defects.

Key words: bone defect, polycaprolactone, β-tricalcium phosphate, platelet derived growth factor BB, angiogenesis, tissue engineering

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