中国组织工程研究 ›› 2022, Vol. 26 ›› Issue (29): 4632-4637.doi: 10.12307/2022.851

• 组织构建实验造模 experimental modeling in tissue construction • 上一篇    下一篇

灵芝孢子保护糖尿病模型大鼠附睾及对自噬的影响

张  欣,马小茹,薛晶文,王芳芳,吴  岚,李  岳   

  1. 佳木斯大学基础医学院,黑龙江省佳木斯市  154007
  • 收稿日期:2021-09-17 接受日期:2021-10-31 出版日期:2022-10-18 发布日期:2022-03-28
  • 通讯作者: 马小茹,硕士,教授,佳木斯大学基础医学院,黑龙江省佳木斯市 154007
  • 作者简介:张欣,女,1997年生,山东省聊城市人,汉族,2022年佳木斯大学基础医学院毕业,硕士,主要从事糖尿病与男性生殖损伤方面的研究。

Protective effect of Ganoderma lucidum spores on epididymis and authophage in diabetic rats

Zhang Xin, Ma Xiaoru, Xue Jingwen, Wang Fangfang, Wu Lan, Li Yue   

  1. School of Basic Medicine, Jiamusi University, Jiamusi 154007, Heilongjiang Province, China
  • Received:2021-09-17 Accepted:2021-10-31 Online:2022-10-18 Published:2022-03-28
  • Contact: Ma Xiaoru, Master, Professor, School of Basic Medicine, Jiamusi University, Jiamusi 154007, Heilongjiang Province, China
  • About author:Zhang Xin, Master, School of Basic Medicine, Jiamusi University, Jiamusi 154007, Heilongjiang Province, China

摘要:

文题释义:
自噬:是一种进化上保守的、依赖于溶酶体的分解代谢过程,其中包括受损细胞器、蛋白质聚集体和脂滴在内的细胞质成分被降解并回收它们的成分。自噬在维持细胞稳态以应对细胞内压力方面具有重要作用;然而,自噬的效率随着年龄的增长而下降,营养过剩会干扰自噬过程。因此,以代谢紊乱和细胞内应激(包括氧化应激、炎症和内质网应激)为特征的肌肉减少性肥胖、胰岛素抵抗和 2 型糖尿病等疾病也涉及受损细胞成分的积累。
灵芝孢子:是灵芝成熟的生殖细胞,它们具有灵芝所有的遗传物质和相似的活性成分。与灵芝子实体相似,灵芝孢子具有调节免疫、抗肿瘤、抗氧化、保护细胞等作用。

背景:糖尿病引起的高血糖与男性生殖不育密切相关,灵芝孢子长期以来被认为具有抗衰老、改善血糖水平的功能。然而灵芝孢子对糖尿病附睾的保护作用机制未见详细报道。
目的:探讨灵芝孢子对糖尿病附睾的保护作用机制。
方法:雄性SD大鼠随机分为正常组(n=10)、高脂高糖组(n=10)和模型组(n=20)。正常组正常喂养,高脂高糖组和模型组大鼠饲以高脂高糖饮食。模型组大鼠在高脂高糖饮食基础上腹腔注射链脲佐菌素30 mg/kg诱导糖尿病大鼠模型,将造模成功的大鼠随机分为糖尿病组和灵芝孢子组(n=10);其中灵芝孢子组大鼠灌胃灵芝孢子300 mg/(kg·d);高脂高糖组与糖尿病组大鼠灌胃等量生理盐水,持续饲以高脂高糖饮食,连续干预12周。称体质量,检测空腹血糖、超氧化物歧化酶活性及丙二醛水平,并检测精子畸形率;苏木精-伊红染色观察大鼠附睾结构变化,Western blot检测大鼠附睾组织裂解半胱氨酸蛋白酶3和beclin1、p62、LC3蛋白表达,免疫组织化学染色法检测大鼠附睾组织裂解半胱氨酸蛋白酶3和p62的蛋白表达。
结果与结论:①灵芝孢子可显著恢复附睾功能,明显改善附睾组织病理结构,提高细胞自噬和抗氧化能力;②免疫组织化学染色结果显示,灵芝孢子组大鼠附睾组织p62和裂解半胱氨酸蛋白酶3免疫强度显著下降;③Western blot分析结果显示,与糖尿病组大鼠相比,灵芝孢子可显著上调大鼠附睾组织beclin1和LC3蛋白表达,降低p62和裂解半胱氨酸蛋白酶3的蛋白表达;④提示灵芝孢子可能通过诱导自噬,提高抗氧化能力和抑制细胞凋亡,对糖尿病大鼠附睾产生保护作用。
缩略语:裂解半胱氨酸蛋白酶3:cleaved caspase-3

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2396-9549 (张欣) 

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:组织构建;骨细胞;软骨细胞;细胞培养;成纤维细胞;血管内皮细胞;骨质疏松;组织工程

关键词: 糖尿病, 附睾, 灵芝孢子, 高脂高糖, 自噬, 凋亡

Abstract: BACKGROUND: Hyperglycemia caused by diabetes are closely related to male infertility, and Ganoderma lucidum spores are considered to be anti-aging and improve blood glucose levels. However, the protective effect of Ganoderma lucidum spores on diabetic epididymis remains unclear.
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the protective effects of Ganoderma lucidum spores on diabetic epididymis.
METHODS: Male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into normal group (n=10), high fat/high glucose group (n=10), and model group (n=20). Rats in the normal group were fed with normal diet, while those in the high fat/high glucose group and model group were fed with high fat and high glucose diet. The rats in the model group were then intraperitoneally injected with streptozotocin (30 mg/kg) to induce diabetes mellitus. Model rats were randomly divided into diabetes mellitus group (n=10) and Ganoderma lucidum spores group (GLS, n=10). The rats in the GLS group were treated with Ganoderma lucidum spores 
(300 mg/kg per day) by gavage, and the rats in the high fat/high glucose group and diabetes mellitus group were gavaged with the equal volume of normal saline and fed with high fat and high glucose diet for 12 weeks. Body mass, fasting blood glucose, superoxide dismutase activity, malondialdehyde level and sperm deformity rate were measured in each group. Structural changes in the epididymis in diabetic rats were observed by hematoxylin-eosin staining. The protein expression levels of cleaved caspase-3, beclin1, p62, and LC3 in the rat epididymal tissue were detected by western blot and immunohistochemical staining. 
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Ganoderma lucidum spores could significantly recovery epididymal function, improve the epididymal histopathology, and promote cell autophagy and antioxidant capacity. Immunohistochemical staining results showed that the immune intensity of p62 and cleaved caspase-3 decreased significantly. Western blot analysis showed that Ganoderma lucidum spores obviously upregulated beclin1 and LC3 protein expression levels and decreased p62 and Cleaved caspase-3 protein expression levels when compared with the diabetes mellitus group. To conclude, Ganoderma lucidum spores may induce autophagy, increase antioxidant capacity and inhibit apoptosis to protect against epididymal injury in diabetic rats.

Key words: diabetes mellitus, epididymis, Ganoderma lucidum spores, high fat and high glucose, autophagy, apoptosis

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