中国组织工程研究

中国组织工程研究 ›› 2022, Vol. 26 ›› Issue (24): 3779-3784.doi: 10.12307/2022.553

• 脂肪干细胞 adipose-derived stem cells • 上一篇    下一篇

不同脂肪衍生物的体外活力及移植后转归

张化彬1，张慕尘1，刘  畅1，徐曼曼1，尹齐川2，张爱君2   

  1. 1徐州医科大学研究生学院，江苏省徐州市   221004；2徐州医科大学附属医院整形外科，江苏省徐州市   221002
  • 收稿日期:2021-04-26 接受日期:2021-06-25 出版日期:2022-08-28 发布日期:2022-01-22
  • 通讯作者: 张爱君，博士，主任医师，硕士生导师，徐州医科大学附属医院整形外科，江苏省徐州市 221002
  • 作者简介:张化彬，男，1994年生，江苏省徐州市人，汉族，徐州医科大学在读硕士，医师，主要从事脂肪干细胞的临床应用研究。

Viability of different fat derivatives in vitro and the outcome after transplantation

Zhang Huabin1, Zhang Muchen1, Liu Chang1, Xu Manman1, Yin Qichuan2, Zhang Aijun2   

  1. 1Graduate School, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221004, Jiangsu Province, China; 2Department of Plastic Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221002, Jiangsu Province, China
  • Received:2021-04-26 Accepted:2021-06-25 Online:2022-08-28 Published:2022-01-22
  • Contact: Zhang Aijun, MD, Chief physician, Master’s supervisor, Department of Plastic Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221002, Jiangsu Province, China
  • About author:Zhang Huabin, Master candidate, Physician, Graduate School, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221004, Jiangsu Province, China

PDF

42

摘要：

文题释义：
自体脂肪移植：是指将身体某些部位多余的脂肪抽取后注射到需要填充的部位，因其来源丰富、操作简单、组织相容性高等优点，成为修复软组织缺损的理想填充材料。然而自体脂肪移植后会出现吸收，导致移植体积不稳定，常需多次填充才能达到治疗效果。
脂肪干细胞：是从脂肪组织中分离得到的一种具有多向分化潜能的细胞，可向脂肪细胞、软骨细胞、肌细胞、成骨细胞、神经细胞、神经胶质细胞及胰岛细胞分化，并可分泌多种促血管生成因子和抗凋亡因子，是一种理想的组织工程种子细胞。

背景：自体脂肪是修复软组织缺损的理想填充材料，然而移植后脂肪组织的长期存活率具有不确定性，探索脂肪组织结构完整性对脂肪移植后存活的影响，可以为提高脂肪移植临床效果提供理论依据。
目的：探讨不同脂肪衍生物离体后的活力差异及移植后的转归情况。
方法：将吸脂术后获取的脂肪组织制备成4种脂肪衍生物：大颗粒脂肪、中颗粒脂肪、小颗粒脂肪和脂肪胶，比较脂肪获取率及组织学结构完整性，分离获取的脂肪干细胞含量、活力及迁移能力。将4组脂肪衍生物分别随机注射到裸鼠背部，移植后1，12周进行移植物存活率分析、组织结构观察、CD31免疫组织化学染色。
结果与结论：①大、中、小颗粒脂肪和脂肪胶体积获取率依次为(71.43±2.87)%，(57.14±3.11)%，(45.72±3.97)%，(11.30±2.33)%，大颗粒脂肪组织学结构最完整，其次为中、小颗粒组，脂肪胶组织结构基本被完全破坏；②大、中、小颗粒脂肪和脂肪胶获取脂肪干细胞的含量依次为(5.03±0.56)×107 L-1，(3.77±0.46)×107 L-1，(2.01±0.64)×107 L-1，(14.84±1.09)×107 L-1，差异有显著性意义(P < 0.05)；③大颗粒脂肪组脂肪干细胞的增殖能力最好，其次为中、小颗粒组，脂肪胶组增殖能力最差；④大颗粒脂肪组脂肪干细胞迁移能力最好，其次中颗粒组，而小颗粒组和脂肪胶组脂肪干细胞迁移能力较差；⑤脂肪移植后脂肪胶组体积保留率最高，其次为大颗粒脂肪组，而小颗粒脂肪组最差；⑥脂肪移植12周时大颗粒脂肪组脂肪细胞部分破坏，中、小颗粒脂肪组脂肪细胞大量破坏，部分囊泡形成，脂肪胶组可见大量成熟脂肪细胞形成；⑦移植12周时大颗粒脂肪组、脂肪胶组血管形成多于中颗粒脂肪组，小颗粒脂肪组最少，差异有显著性意义(P < 0.05)；大颗粒脂肪组、脂肪胶组间比较差异无显著性意义(P > 0.05)；⑧结果表明，脂肪组织结构完整性会影响脂肪干细胞产量、活力和移植后脂肪组织存活率。根据不同脂肪衍生物的特点做出合适的选择，以获得最佳的填充效果。

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0269-5040 (张爱君) 

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点：干细胞；骨髓干细胞；造血干细胞；脂肪干细胞；肿瘤干细胞；胚胎干细胞；脐带脐血干细胞；干细胞诱导；干细胞分化；组织工程

关键词: 颗粒脂肪, 脂肪胶, 脂肪移植, 脂肪衍生物, 结构完整性, 存活率

Abstract: BACKGROUND: Autologous fat is an ideal filler that repairs soft tissue defects, but the long-term survival rate of adipose tissue after transplantation has uncertainty. We explored the effect of adipose tissue structure on the survival of fat transplantation, providing theoretical basis for improving the clinical effect of fat transplantation.  
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the viability of different fat derivatives in vitro and the outcome after transplantation.
METHODS:  The adipose tissue obtained after liposuction was prepared into four kinds of adipose derivatives: large granular adipose tissue, medium granular adipose tissue, small granular adipose tissue and stromal vascular fraction gel. Fat acquisition rate and histological structural integrity, content, activity and migration ability of adipose-derived stem cells were compared. Four groups of adipose derivatives were randomly injected into the back of nude mice. The survival rate of the grafts, tissue structure observation and CD31 immunohistochemical staining were performed 1 and 12 weeks after transplantation.  
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) The volume acquisition rates of large, medium, small granular fat and stromal vascular fraction gel were (71.43±2.87)%, (57.14±3.11)%, (45.72±3.97)%, and (11.30±2.33)%, respectively. The fat histological structure of the large particles was the most complete, followed by the medium and small granular fat groups, and the tissue structure of stromal vascular fraction gel was basically completely destroyed. (2) The contents of adipose stem cells obtained from large, medium, small granular fat and stromal vascular fraction gel were (5.03±0.56)×107 L-1, (3.77±0.46)×107 L-1, (2.01±0.64)×107 L-1, and (14.84±1.09)×107 L-1, respectively, with significant differences (P < 0.05). (3) The proliferation ability of adipose stem cells in large granular fat group was the best, followed by medium and small granular fat groups; the proliferation ability of stromal vascular fraction gel group was the worst. (4) The migration ability of adipose stem cells in large granular fat group was the best, followed by medium granular fat group, while that in the small granular fat group and stromal vascular fraction gel group was poor. (5) After transplantation, the volume retention rate of stromal vascular fraction gel group was the highest, followed by large granular fat group, while small granular fat group was the worst. (6) After 12 weeks of fat transplantation, fat cells in large granular fat group were partially destroyed; cells in medium granular fat group and small granular fat group were largely destroyed and some vesicles were formed; a large number of mature fat cells were formed in stromal vascular fraction gel group. (7) At 12 weeks after transplantation, the formation of blood vessels in large granular fat group and stromal vascular fraction gel group was more than that in medium granular fat group, while small granular fat group was the least, with significant differences (P < 0.05). There was no significant difference between the large granular fat group and stromal vascular fraction gel group (P > 0.05). (8) Results show that structural integrity of adipose tissue affects adipose stem cell production, vitality and adipose tissue survival rate after transplantation. Suitable options are made according to the characteristics of different fat derivatives to achieve the best filling effect.

Key words: granular fat, stromal vascular fraction gel, fat transplantation, fat derivatives, structural integrity, survival rate

中图分类号: