中国组织工程研究 ›› 2022, Vol. 26 ›› Issue (12): 1907-1914.doi: 10.12307/2022.515

• 骨科植入物相关临床实践 Clinical practice of orthopedic implant • 上一篇    下一篇

基因芯片筛选骨性关节炎差异表达基因及实时荧光定量PCR验证

陈  财1,曾  平2,刘金富1,钱晓芬1,陆冠宇1,熊  波1,陈莉华1,黄  悦1   

  1. 1 广西中医药大学研究生院,广西壮族自治区南宁市   530299;2 广西中医药大学第一附属医院,广西壮族自治区南宁市   530023
  • 收稿日期:2021-04-26 修回日期:2021-04-27 接受日期:2021-06-15 出版日期:2022-04-28 发布日期:2021-12-14
  • 通讯作者: 曾平,博士,汉族,教授,主任,广西中医药大学第一附属医院,广西壮族自治区南宁市 530023
  • 作者简介:陈财,男,1994年生,湖北省黄冈市人,汉族,广西中医药大学在读硕士,主要从事四肢骨病与创伤的防治研究。
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金项目(81960876),项目负责人:曾平;广西中医药大学第一附属医院院级项目(2017ZD002),项目负责人:曾平;广西中医药适宜技术开发与推广项目(GZSY21-14),项目负责人:曾平

Screening of differentially expressed genes in osteoarthritis by gene chip technique and verification using quantitative real-time PCR

Chen Cai1, Zeng Ping2, Liu Jinfu1, Qian Xiaofen1, Lu Guanyu1, Xiong Bo1, Chen Lihua1, Huang Yue1   

  1. 1Graduate School of Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning 530299, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China; 2the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning 530023, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China
  • Received:2021-04-26 Revised:2021-04-27 Accepted:2021-06-15 Online:2022-04-28 Published:2021-12-14
  • Contact: Zeng Ping, MD, Professor, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning 530023, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China
  • About author:Chen Cai, Master candidate, Graduate School of Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning 530299, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China
  • Supported by:
    the National Natural Science Foundation of China, No. 81960876 (to ZP); College-level Project of the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, No. 2017ZD002 (to ZP); Guangxi Traditional Chinese Medicine Appropriate Technology Development and Promotion Project, No. GZSY21-14 (to ZP)

摘要:

文题释义:
生物信息学:是一个跨学科领域,开发用于理解生物数据的方法和软件工具。作为一门跨学科的科学领域,生物信息学将计算机科学、统计学、数学和工程学结合起来,用来分析和解释生物学数据。
加权基因共表达网络分析:是一种系统生物学方法,用来描述基因间的相关模式,可用于寻找高度相关的基因集;加权基因共表达网络分析促进了基于网络的基因筛选方法,可用于寻找疾病的生物标志物或治疗靶点。

背景:随着人口老龄化的进程,骨性关节炎发病率越来越高,目前仍缺乏有效的治疗方法,基因芯片技术已经广泛用于疾病的诊断和治疗。
目的:采用整合生物信息学和加权基因共表达网络分析法鉴定骨性关节炎中的关键基因,并探讨其作用机制。
方法:从基因表达综合数据库中下载骨性关节炎患者滑膜组织芯片原始数据集4组,利用CIBERSORT算法进行免疫浸润分析;通过R语言软件筛选差异表达基因,并对其进行基因本体论、京都基因与基因组百科全书分析。将筛选出的差异表达基因通过STRING(http://string-db.org/)在线工具得到的相关差异表达基因文本文件,将其导入Cytoscape软件编辑可视化蛋白质相互作用网络;利用R语言软件构建差异表达基因条形图获取degree值前10的差异表达基因。整合4组芯片数据集运用加权基因共表达网络分析算法筛选出相关性最高的基因共表达模块的基因,采用Venn分析法筛选出交集基因。收集4例骨性关节炎患者和4例关节创伤患者滑膜组织,采用实时荧光定量PCR进行验证分析。
结果与结论:①共筛选出107个差异表达基因;包含上调基因46个,下调基因61个;②基因本体论富集结果表明,差异表达基因主要涉及骨化和细胞黏附的正调控等生物学过程;京都基因与基因组百科全书通路主要富集在类风湿性关节炎通路、核因子κB信号通路和受体酪氨酸激酶-蛋白激酶B信号通路;免疫浸润结果表明在骨性关节炎患者滑膜组织中M0巨噬细胞和M2巨噬细胞含量较高;③基质金属蛋白酶1、金属蛋白酶组织抑制剂4、层粘连蛋白亚基α3和卵泡抑素3是获得的交集基因;荧光定量PCR验证结果表明金属蛋白酶组织抑制剂4、层粘连蛋白亚基α3和卵泡抑素3在骨性关节炎患者与关节创伤患者滑膜组织中的表达量具有明显差异性;④筛选出的金属蛋白酶组织抑制剂4、层粘连蛋白亚基α3和卵泡抑素3可能是骨性关节炎的治疗靶点。
缩略语:加权基因共表达网络分析:weighted gene co-expression network analysis,WGCNA;京都基因与基因组百科全书:Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes,KEGG

https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7279-0281(陈财) 

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:人工关节;骨植入物;脊柱;骨折;内固定;数字化骨科;组织工程

关键词: 基因芯片, 生物信息学, 加权基因共表达网络分析, 骨性关节炎, 滑膜, 差异表达基因, 免疫细胞, 信号通路

Abstract: BACKGROUND: The incidence of osteoarthritis is increasing as the population ages, and there is still no effective treatment. Gene chip technology has been widely used in the diagnosis and treatment of diseases.
OBJECTIVE: To identify the key genes in osteoarthritis by using integrative bioinformatics and weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) and to investigate its mechanism. 
METHODS: Four original data sets of synovial tissue chips in osteoarthritis patients were downloaded from Gene Expression Omnibus database, and the immune infiltration was analyzed by CIBERSORT algorithm. Differentially expressed genes were screened by R-language software. Gene ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) were used to analyze the selected differentially expressed genes. The text files of these differentially expressed genes were obtained through the online tool STRING (http://string-db.org/) and were imported into the Cytoscape software to edit the visual protein-protein interaction network. R-language software was used to build a bar chart of differentially expressed genes to obtain the top 10 differentially expressed genes in degree values. The four chip data sets were integrated to screen out the genes with the highest correlation of gene co-expression module by WGCNA algorithm, and the intersection genes were screened by Venn analysis method. The synovial tissues of four patients with osteoarthritis and four patients with joint trauma were collected for quantitative real-time PCR verification.  
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1)A total of 107 differentially expressed genes were screened out, including 46 up-regulated genes and 61 down-regulated genes. (2)The gene ontology enrichment results showed that differentially expressed genes were mainly involved in biological processes such as positive regulation of ossification and cell adhesion. KEGG pathways were mainly enriched in rheumatoid arthritis pathways, nuclear factor-κB signaling pathways, and receptor protein tyrosine kinase B signaling pathways. Immune infiltration results indicated that the contents of M0 macrophages and M2 macrophages were relatively high in the synovial tissue of patients with osteoarthritis. (3)The obtained intersection genes included matrix metalloproteinase 1, tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase 4, laminin subunit alpha 3, and follistatin 3. The results of quantitative real-time PCR confirmed that there were significant differences in the expression levels of tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase 4, laminin subunit alpha 3, and follistatin 3 between the synovial tissue samples from patients with osteoarthritis and those with joint trauma. (4)Therefore, tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase 4, laminin subunit alpha 3, and follistatin 3 may be therapeutic targets for osteoarthritis.

Key words: gene chip, bioinformatics, weighted gene co-expression network analysis, osteoarthritis, synovium, differentially expressed gene, immune cell, signaling pathway

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