中国组织工程研究 ›› 2022, Vol. 26 ›› Issue (11): 1780-1787.doi: 10.12307/2022.366

• 组织构建综述 tissue construction review • 上一篇    下一篇

Nrf2/ARE信号通路激活对放射治疗中减轻组织损伤的作用机制

林培琦1,龙远铸1,张霓霓2,黄桂林2   

  1. 1遵义医科大学,贵州省遵义市   563000;2遵义医科大学附属口腔医院颌面外科,贵州省遵义市   563000
  • 收稿日期:2021-06-15 修回日期:2021-06-16 接受日期:2021-07-10 出版日期:2022-04-18 发布日期:2021-12-13
  • 通讯作者: 黄桂林,博士,教授,遵义医科大学附属口腔医院口腔颌面外科,贵州省遵义市 563000
  • 作者简介:林培琦,女,1993年生,福建省龙岩市人,汉族,遵义医科大学在读硕士,主要从事放射性组织(涎腺)损伤修复研究及口腔颌面外科疾病的诊治。
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金(81960204),项目负责人:黄桂林;国家自然科学基金(81860198),项目负责人:张霓霓

Activation of Nrf2/ARE signal pathway reduces radiotherapy-induced tissue injury

Lin Peiqi1, Long Yuanzhu1, Zhang Nini2, Huang Guilin2   

  1. 1Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563000, Guizhou Province, China; 2Department of Maxillofacial Surgery, Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563000, Guizhou Province, China
  • Received:2021-06-15 Revised:2021-06-16 Accepted:2021-07-10 Online:2022-04-18 Published:2021-12-13
  • Contact: Huang Guilin, MD, Professor, Department of Maxillofacial Surgery, Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563000, Guizhou Province, China
  • About author:Lin Peiqi, Master candidate, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563000, Guizhou Province, China
  • Supported by:
    the National Natural Science Foundation of China, No. 81960204 (to HGL) and 81860198 (to ZNN) 

摘要:

文题释义:
Nrf2/ARE信号通路:是机体内源性抗氧化防御机制之一,抗氧化反应的主要调节者,可抵御各种原因所致氧化应激反应。该通路激活后,其下游靶基因可控制细胞抗氧化反应、细胞保护和解毒基因表达,并对促炎性细胞因子有抑制作用,不仅可作为放射性组织损伤生物标志参考,还为放射性组织损伤防治提供新思路。
放射性组织损伤:由于电离辐射所致全身各组织损伤,其机制可分直接损伤与间接损伤,二者均可导致体内活性氧与自由基增多,使组织产生氧化应激反应。机体自发或被动激活抗氧化防御系统,如Nrf2/ARE信号通路,对放射性组织损伤有一定预防与修复作用。

背景:放射治疗的严重并发症之一是放射性电离辐射所致的组织损伤。研究表明,通过Nrf2/ARE信号通路激活内源性抗氧化应激反应,对放射性组织损伤有一定的预防与治疗作用。
目的:阐释Nrf2/ARE信号通路激活对放射性组织损伤的预防与修复的作用,为探索预防放射治疗并发症策略的新思路。
方法:计算机检索PubMed、Web of Science、中国知网、万方数据和维普数据库相关文献,以“放射性损伤,辐射损伤,放射损伤,放射性组织损伤(肠、肝、舌、肺、骨髓、皮肤、造血系统、神经系统及循环系统等),辐射综合征,Nrf2”为中文数据库检索词,以“radiation injury,radiation-induced tissue injury,radiation damage,radiation syndrome,Nrf2”为英文数据库检索词,最终纳入67篇文献进行综述。
结果与结论:①放射性组织损伤是由于电离辐射生物分子的分子内键均裂,导致细胞毒性自由基与活性氧增加,从而引起相关组织损伤。②Nrf2/ARE信号通路是重要的机体内源性抗氧化防御机制,通过增强抗氧化反应元件表达,达到减轻DNA损伤、促进受损DNA修复和抑制放射诱导细胞凋亡的目的,因此Nrf2/ARE信号通路对参与预防与纠正包括放射性组织损伤在内的细胞氧化还原失衡有重要意义。③目前研究发现,Nrf2/ARE信号通路的激活存在两面性,一方面通过Nrf2/ARE信号通路激活剂的运用,不仅能够预防放射治疗所致组织损失,还能诱导放射后受损组织修复;另一方面,各种原因所致的Nrf2/ARE信号通路长期和慢性激活,存在恶性肿瘤对放、化疗的敏感性降低的风险。④上述文献证据表明,Nrf2/ARE信号通路具有作为放射治疗并发症的新防治策略潜力,但是否能广泛运用于临床,还需更加深入的研究来证实。

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9571-8351 (林培琦) ;https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3224-7094 (黄桂林)

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:组织构建;骨细胞;软骨细胞;细胞培养;成纤维细胞;血管内皮细胞;骨质疏松;组织工程

关键词: 放射性组织损伤, 放射治疗, 电离辐射, 辐射损伤, 抗氧化应激, Nrf2, ARE, 修复与再生

Abstract: BACKGROUND: Tissue damage induced by radioactive ionizing radiation is one of the serious complications of radiotherapy. Activation of endogenous antioxidative stress response through nuclear factor (erythroid-derived 2)-like 2 (Nrf2)/antioxidant responsive element (ARE) signaling pathway has shown preventive and therapeutic effects on radiation-induced tissue injuries.
OBJECTIVE: To explain the preventive and therapeutic mechanisms of Nrf2/ARE signaling pathway on radiation-induced injuries, and provide new ideas for exploring the treatment and prevention strategies of radiotherapy complications.
METHODS: PubMed, Web of Science, CNKI, WanFang and VIP databases were searched using the keywords of “radiation injury, radiation-induced tissue injury (intestine, liver, tongue, lung, bone marrow, skin, hematopoietic system, nervous system, circulatory system), radiation damage, radiation syndrome, Nrf2” in Chinese and English, respectively. A total of 67 literatures were finally included and reviewed. 
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Radiation-induced injury is damage to tissues caused by the intramolecular bond homolysis of ionizing radiation biomolecules that lead to an increase in cytotoxic free radicals and reactive oxygen species. TheNrf2/ARE signaling pathway is an important endogenous antioxidant defense mechanism in the body. By enhancing the expression of antioxidant response elements, it can reduce DNA damage, promote damaged DNA repair, and inhibit radiation-induced cell apoptosis. Therefore, the Nrf2/ARE signaling pathway is of great significance for the prevention and correction of cellular redox imbalances including radioactive tissue damage. Current studies have found that the activation of Nrf2/ARE signaling pathway has two sides. On the one hand, the application of Nrf2/ARE signaling pathway activator cannot only prevent tissue loss caused by radiotherapy, but also induce the repair of damaged tissue after radiotherapy. On the other hand, the long-term and chronic activation of the Nrf2/ARE signaling pathway caused by various reasons may reduce the sensitivity of malignant tumors to radiotherapy and chemotherapy. Therefore, the Nrf2 /ARE signaling pathway has potential as a new strategy for the prevention and treatment of radiotherapy complications; however, whether it can be applied in clinical practice still needs further exploration and research.

Key words: radiation-induced tissue damage, radiotherapy, ionizing radiation, radiation damage, antioxidative stress, Nrf2, ARE, repair and regeneration

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