中国组织工程研究 ›› 2022, Vol. 26 ›› Issue (7): 1093-1101.doi: 10.12307/2022.150
• 干细胞综述 stem cell review • 上一篇 下一篇
郭 嘉,丁琼桦,刘 泽,吕思懿,周泉程,高玉花,白春雨
收稿日期:
2021-02-24
修回日期:
2021-02-25
接受日期:
2021-03-24
出版日期:
2022-03-08
发布日期:
2021-10-29
通讯作者:
高玉花,博士,副教授,济宁医学院精准医学研究院,山东省济宁市 272067
白春雨,博士,副教授,济宁医学院精准医学研究院,山东省济宁市 272067
作者简介:
郭嘉,女,1999年生,山东省青岛市人,汉族,济宁医学院本科就读。
丁琼桦,女,1999年生,山东省枣庄市人,汉族,济宁医学院本科就读。
基金资助:
Guo Jia, Ding Qionghua, Liu Ze, Lü Siyi, Zhou Quancheng, Gao Yuhua, Bai Chunyu
Received:
2021-02-24
Revised:
2021-02-25
Accepted:
2021-03-24
Online:
2022-03-08
Published:
2021-10-29
Contact:
Gao Yuhua, MD, Associate professor, Institute of Precision Medicine, Jining Medical University, Jining 272067, Shandong Province, China
Bai Chunyu, MD, Associate professor, Institute of Precision Medicine, Jining Medical University, Jining 272067, Shandong Province, China
About author:
Guo Jia, Institute of Precision Medicine, Jining Medical University, Jining 272067, Shandong Province, China
Ding Qionghua, Institute of Precision Medicine, Jining Medical University, Jining 272067, Shandong Province, China
Supported by:
摘要:
文题释义:
间充质干细胞:是一种多能干细胞,它具有干细胞的所有共性,即自我更新和多向分化潜能,其本身存在的低免疫原性能够逃避免疫系统的监控,避免出现免疫排斥反应,广泛存在于骨髓、骨骼肌、骨外膜和骨小梁中,可通过旁分泌发挥作用。
外泌体:是指包含了复杂RNA和蛋白质的小膜泡(30-200 nm),特指直径在40-200 nm的盘状囊泡,其主要来源于细胞内溶酶体微粒内陷形成的多囊泡体,经多囊泡体外膜与细胞膜融合后释放到胞外基质中。外泌体的功能取决于其所来源的细胞类型,其可参与到机体的免疫应答、抗原提呈、细胞迁移、细胞分化、肿瘤侵袭等方面。
背景:阐明间充质干细胞来源外泌体的合成、调控作用,对未来外泌体的研究及应用有重要意义。
目的:综述不同间充质干细胞来源外泌体的生物学特性及其在免疫调控中的作用,希望为未来外泌体的研究寻找新的突破点以及无细胞治疗提供思路。
方法:检索PubMed数据库、万方数据库、CNKI中国期刊全文数据库收录的相关文献。英文检索词为“stem cell,mesenchymal stem cells,exosmes,immunomodulation,inflammatory mediator,biological characteristics of exosomes,biological characteristics of mesenchymal stem cells,regeneration”,中文检索词为“干细胞,间充质干细胞,外泌体,免疫调控,炎性因子,外泌体生物学特性,间充质干细胞生物学特性,再生”,最终纳入105篇文献进行归纳总结。
结果与结论:间充质干细胞是广泛存在于机体各组织的一种多潜能干细胞,其除了具备干细胞特性外还具有免疫调控作用。间充质干细胞已被大量应用于临床,包括治疗新型冠状病毒肺炎患者,并取得较好的治疗效果。外泌体是一类起源于核内体、直径在40-200 nm的胞外囊泡,间充质干细胞来源外泌体具有与其母源细胞相同的免疫调控功能,例如携带免疫抑制因子、影响巨噬细胞向M2型极化、调节T细胞的分化及抗原提呈等作用。
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2979-6060(白春雨)
中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:干细胞;骨髓干细胞;造血干细胞;脂肪干细胞;肿瘤干细胞;胚胎干细胞;脐带脐血干细胞;干细胞诱导;干细胞分化;组织工程
中图分类号:
郭 嘉, 丁琼桦, 刘 泽, 吕思懿, 周泉程, 高玉花, 白春雨. 间充质干细胞来源外泌体的生物学特性及免疫调控作用[J]. 中国组织工程研究, 2022, 26(7): 1093-1101.
Guo Jia, Ding Qionghua, Liu Ze, Lü Siyi, Zhou Quancheng, Gao Yuhua, Bai Chunyu. Biological characteristics and immunoregulation of exosomes derived from mesenchymal stem cells[J]. Chinese Journal of Tissue Engineering Research, 2022, 26(7): 1093-1101.
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文题释义:#br# 间充质干细胞:是一种多能干细胞,它具有干细胞的所有共性,即自我更新和多向分化潜能,其本身存在的低免疫原性能够逃避免疫系统的监控,避免出现免疫排斥反应,广泛存在于骨髓、骨骼肌、骨外膜和骨小梁中,可通过旁分泌发挥作用。#br# 外泌体:是指包含了复杂RNA和蛋白质的小膜泡(30-200 nm),特指直径在40-200 nm的盘状囊泡,其主要来源于细胞内溶酶体微粒内陷形成的多囊泡体,经多囊泡体外膜与细胞膜融合后释放到胞外基质中。外泌体的功能取决于其所来源的细胞类型,其可参与到机体的免疫应答、抗原提呈、细胞迁移、细胞分化、肿瘤侵袭等方面。#br# 中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:干细胞;骨髓干细胞;造血干细胞;脂肪干细胞;肿瘤干细胞;胚胎干细胞;脐带脐血干细胞;干细胞诱导;干细胞分化;组织工程
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在间充质干细胞免疫调节功能的研究历程中,中国是从2002年左右开始对间充质干细胞进行基础探索性研究,以免疫性炎症疾病的临床研究为主,但是间充质干细胞的注射治疗存在局限性,而其产生的外泌体含有大量种类繁多的蛋白质、细胞因子和生物活性物质,相对于来源细胞优势更加明显。2012年后,开始出现大量间充质干细胞及其外泌体治疗各种疾病的临床研究,以免疫性疾病为主涵盖各个系统疾病。毫无争议,间充质干细胞及其外泌体具有免疫调节功能,适用于各类疾病的治疗,但是临床疗效影响因素太多,文章详细描述间充质干细胞及其外泌体的生物学特性、作用机制和临床应用,希望能为接下来间充质干细胞及其外泌体的研究寻找新的突破点,为其临床应用提供理论依据。
中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:干细胞;骨髓干细胞;造血干细胞;脂肪干细胞;肿瘤干细胞;胚胎干细胞;脐带脐血干细胞;干细胞诱导;干细胞分化;组织工程
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