中国组织工程研究 ›› 2022, Vol. 26 ›› Issue (1): 106-111.doi: 10.12307/2022.018

• 干细胞综述 stem cell review • 上一篇    下一篇

环状RNA在间充质干细胞成骨分化中的生物学作用

康  悦1,刘  洁2   

  1. 1辽宁省肿瘤医院,辽宁省沈阳市  110042;2中国医科大学,辽宁省沈阳市  110001
  • 收稿日期:2020-02-27 修回日期:2020-03-05 接受日期:2020-10-24 出版日期:2022-01-08 发布日期:2021-10-25
  • 作者简介:康悦,女,1989年生,辽宁省沈阳市人,汉族,博士,主治医师,主要从事间充质干细胞相关研究。
  • 基金资助:
    沈阳市科技计划项目(F16-102-4-00),项目负责人:刘洁

Biological function of circular RNAs in osteogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells

Kang Yue1, Liu Jie2   

  1. 1Liaoning Cancer Hospital & Institute, Shenyang 110042, Liaoning Province, China; 2China Medical University, Shenyang 110001, Liaoning Province, China
  • Received:2020-02-27 Revised:2020-03-05 Accepted:2020-10-24 Online:2022-01-08 Published:2021-10-25
  • About author:Kang Yue, MD, Attending physician, Liaoning Cancer Hospital & Institute, Shenyang 110042, Liaoning Province, China
  • Supported by:
    Science and Technology Project of Shenyang, No. F16-102-4-00 (to LJ)

摘要:

文题释义:
非编码RNA:是指不编码蛋白质的RNA,其中包括rRNA,tRNA,snRNA,snoRNA 和microRNA 等多种已知功能的 RNA,还包括未知功能的RNA。这些RNA的共同特点是都能从基因组上转录而来,但是不翻译成蛋白,在RNA 水平上就能行使各自的生物学功能。
环状RNA:是非编码RNA中的一种,是继微小RNA及长链非编码RNA之后RNA领域的又一研究新热点。与传统的线性RNA不同,环状RNA分子呈封闭环状结构,不受RNA外切酶影响,表达更稳定,不易降解。在功能上,环状RNA分子富含miRNA结合位点,在细胞中起到miRNA海绵的作用,进而解除miRNA对其靶基因的抑制作用,升高靶基因的表达水平。

背景:环状RNA最初被认为是异常剪接的副产品。目前很多研究对环状RNA参与成骨分化机制已逐渐深入到分子水平,研究表明环状RNA通过多种途径参与了成骨分化过程并发挥了关键作用。
目的:对环状RNAs 调控人间充质干细胞成骨分化的研究进展进行论述。
方法:由作者在PubMed、Web of Science、中国知网、万方等数据库,以“circRNAs,human mesenchymal stem cell,osteogenic differentiation”“环状RNAs,人间充质干细胞,成骨分化”为关键词,检索1993至2020年期间与间充质干细胞中环状RNA研究相关的文献,检索文献类型:综述性论文、研究性论文、著作等。
结果与结论:环状RNAs在间充质干细胞成骨过程中发挥重要作用,这些环状RNA已被证明是诊断和治疗骨疾病的标志物和关键靶点。但是,有关环状RNAs在成骨分化过程中的分子机制需要进一步深入的研究,同时也需要体内实验支持现有结论。

https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2843-4110(康悦) 

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:干细胞;骨髓干细胞;造血干细胞;脂肪干细胞;肿瘤干细胞;胚胎干细胞;脐带脐血干细胞;干细胞诱导;干细胞分化;组织工程

关键词: 干细胞, 间充质干细胞, 环状RNA, 成骨分化, 组织工程, 综述

Abstract: BACKGROUND: Circular RNAs (circRNAs) were initially regarded as by-products of aberrant splicing. Present research on their mechanism has gradually penetrated to the molecular level. Many studies have shown that circRNAs participate in osteogenic differentiation through various ways and play a key role.
OBJECTIVE: To discuss the research progress of circRNAs during osteogenic differentiation in human mesenchymal stem cells.
METHODS: Using “circRNAs, human mesenchymal stem cells, osteogenic differentiation” as keywords in English and Chinese. PubMed, Web of Science, CNKI, and Wanfang were searched for relevant articles on circRNAs in human mesenchymal stem cells published from 1993 to 2020. Types of retrieved articles included reviews, research papers, and books. 
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: CircRNAs play an important role in the osteogenesis of mesenchymal stem cells. These circRNAs have proven to be key targets for the diagnosis and treatment of bone diseases. However, the molecular mechanism of circRNA in osteogenic differentiation needs further research, and in vivo experiments are also needed to support existing conclusions.

Key words: stem cell, mesenchymal stem cell, circular RNAs, osteogenic differentiation, tissue engineering, review 

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