中国组织工程研究 ›› 2021, Vol. 25 ›› Issue (35): 5716-5722.doi: 10.12307/2021.305

• 组织构建综述 tissue construction review • 上一篇    下一篇

表观遗传学对牙周疾病及牙周细胞成骨和骨再生的作用机制

吴丹丹,刘  琪   

  1. 遵义医科大学附属口腔医院,贵州省遵义市   563000
  • 收稿日期:2021-01-04 修回日期:2021-01-06 接受日期:2021-02-18 出版日期:2021-12-18 发布日期:2021-08-05
  • 通讯作者: 刘琪,博士,教授,遵义医科大学附属口腔医院,贵州省遵义市 563000
  • 作者简介:吴丹丹,女,1995年生,贵州省绥阳县人,汉族,硕士,主要从事2型糖尿病与牙周炎之间关系的研究
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金项目(8186040218),项目负责人:刘琪;国家自然科学基金项目(81760199);贵州省科技计划项目(黔科合基础[2020]1Y328,黔科合基础[2018]1185)

Epigenetic mechanisms in periodontal disease, periodontal cell osteogenesis and bone regeneration

Wu Dandan, Liu Qi   

  1. Stomatological Hospital Affiliated to Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563000, Guizhou Province, China
  • Received:2021-01-04 Revised:2021-01-06 Accepted:2021-02-18 Online:2021-12-18 Published:2021-08-05
  • Contact: Liu Qi, MD, Professor, Stomatological Hospital Affiliated to Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563000, Guizhou Province, China
  • About author:Wu Dandan, Master, Stomatological Hospital Affiliated to Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563000, Guizhou Province, China
  • Supported by:
    the National Natural Science Foundation of China, No. 8186040218 (to LQ) and 81760199; Guizhou Provincial Science and Technology Plan Projects, No. [2020]1Y328 and [2018]1185

摘要:

文题释义:
表观遗传学:是研究基因的核苷酸序列不发生改变的情况下,基因表达的可遗传变化的一门遗传学分支学科。表观遗传的现象很多,已知的有DNA甲基化(DNA methylation)、基因组印记(genomic imprinting)、母体效应(maternal effects)、基因沉默(gene silencing)、核仁显性、休眠转座子激活和RNA编辑(RNA editing)等。
DNA甲基化(DNA methylation):为DNA化学修饰的一种形式,能够在不改变DNA序列的前提下改变遗传表现。所谓DNA甲基化是指在DNA甲基化转移酶的作用下,在基因组CpG二核苷酸的胞嘧啶5’碳位共价键结合一个甲基基团。大量研究表明,DNA甲基化能引起染色质结构、DNA构象、DNA稳定性及DNA与蛋白质相互作用方式的改变,从而控制基因表达。
背景:牙周疾病主要是由细菌引起的复杂的、异质的和多因素的口腔破坏性疾病,而表观遗传在其中发挥的作用不可忽视。
目的:总结牙周疾病的表观遗传模式,探讨其衡量牙周易感性及对牙周炎患者的诊断和治疗价值。
方法:以PubMed数据库为主检索2005至2020年的有关文献;检索词为:Epigenetics;Periodontal disease;inflammatory response;bone regeneration;diagnosis;periodontal tissue engineering。经过筛选,最终对86篇相关文献进行了探讨。
结果与结论:牙周疾病与表观遗传两者之间相互影响,口腔病原体对病原识别受体(例如Toll样受体)以及促炎/抗炎细胞因子的表观遗传学调控影响的发现表明,其在调控宿主免疫反应中起着重要作用,而且与细胞成骨和骨再生相关。组织工程学方面的最新研究表明表观遗传学也可以改善牙周组织的再生。
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3556-9219 (吴丹丹) 

关键词: 表观遗传, 牙周疾病, 炎症反应, 骨再生, 诊断, 牙周组织工程

Abstract: BACKGROUND: Periodontal disease is a complex, heterogeneous and multi-factorial oral destructive disease caused mainly by bacteria, where the role of epigenetics cannot be ignored. 
OBJECTIVE: To summarize the epigenetic model of periodontal diseases that can measure periodontal susceptibility, and has diagnostic and therapeutic values for patients with periodontitis. 
METHODS: PubMed database was searched for relevant literatures published from 2005 to 2020 using the key words of “epigenetics; periodontal disease; inflammatory response; bone regeneration; diagnosis; periodontal tissue engineering.” After screening, 86 articles was finally reviewed.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Periodontal disease and epigenetics interact with each other. The discovery of the epigenetic regulation of oral pathogens on pathogen recognition receptors (such as Toll-like receptors) and pro-inflammatory/anti-inflammatory cytokines indicates that they play an important role in regulating the host immune response and are related to cellular osteogenesis and bone regeneration. In addition, the latest research in tissue engineering shows that epigenetics can also improve the regeneration of periodontal tissue.

Key words: epigenetics, periodontal disease, inflammatory response, bone regeneration, diagnosis, periodontal tissue engineering

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