中国组织工程研究 ›› 2021, Vol. 25 ›› Issue (30): 4787-4792.doi: 10.12307/2021.262

• 骨与关节生物力学 bone and joint biomechanics • 上一篇    下一篇

Vancouver B2型股骨假体周围骨折锁定板或皮质骨板不同内固定方式的生物力学分析

董  巍1,张天一1,路  博1,王一凤1,宫树森2,樊国峰1   

  1. 1河北中石油中心医院骨科,河北省廊坊市   065000;2河北省文安县医院,河北省廊坊市   065000
  • 收稿日期:2020-12-22 修回日期:2020-12-25 接受日期:2021-01-30 出版日期:2021-10-28 发布日期:2021-07-29
  • 通讯作者: 樊国峰,硕士,主任医师,河北中石油中心医院骨科,河北省廊坊市 065000
  • 作者简介:董巍,男,1982年生,河北省廊坊市人,汉族,2015年德国波恩大学毕业,博士,副主任医师,主要从事创伤及关节外科方面的研究
  • 基金资助:
    河北省医学科学研究重点课题计划(20160906),课题名称:基于定量CT与定量超声的骨质疏松治疗早期疗效评估,项目负责人:樊国峰;廊坊市科技支撑计划项目(2017013045),课题名称:基于有限单元法的人工髋关节股骨假体周围骨折手术治疗的优化仿真研究,项目负责人:董巍

Biomechanical analysis of different internal fixation methods of locking plate or cortical bone plate for Vancouver type B2 fracture

Dong Wei1, Zhang Tianyi1, Lu Bo1, Wang Yifeng1, Gong Shusen2, Fan Guofeng1    

  1. 1Department of Orthopedics, Hebei PetroChina Central Hospital, Langfang 065000, Hebei Province, China; 2Wen’an Country Hospital, Langfang 065000, Hebei Province, China
  • Received:2020-12-22 Revised:2020-12-25 Accepted:2021-01-30 Online:2021-10-28 Published:2021-07-29
  • Contact: Fan Guofeng, Master, Chief physician, Department of Orthopedics, Hebei PetroChina Central Hospital, Langfang 065000, Hebei Province, China
  • About author:Dong Wei, MD, Associate chief physician, Department of Orthopedics, Hebei PetroChina Central Hospital, Langfang 065000, Hebei Province, China
  • Supported by:
    the Key Project Plan of Medical Science Research in Hebei Province, No. 20160906 (to FGF); the Science and Technology Support Project of Langfang, No. 2017013045 (to DW)

摘要:

文题释义:
股骨假体周围骨折:为人工髋关节置换后的严重并发症,其特点为假体周围股骨组织在直接或间接暴力作用下发生断裂,如处理不当可能导致患肢功能丧失,影响患者活动能力并造成长期卧床并可能危及生命。
Vancouver分型:为股骨假体周围骨折常用分型方法。A型骨折位于假体近端,大转子或小转子骨折;B型骨折发生在假体柄周围或刚好在其下端(B1型骨折假体固定牢固,B2型骨折假体松动但无明显估量丢失,B3型骨折假体松动并伴有骨量丢失);C型骨折发生于距假体尖端较远部位。
背景:股骨假体周围骨折是髋关节置换后的严重并发症,有多种治疗方案,但目前对各种治疗方案疗效的对比尚无针对性研究。
目的:基于有限元分析方法,对Vancouver B2型股骨假体周围骨折不同手术方案进行比较。
方法:采集30例健康志愿者的股骨数据,并扫描初次、翻修髋关节假体及锁定板外形数据。将所采集的数据进行三维建模,模拟Vancouver B2型股骨假体周围骨折的不同手术方式,模拟不同类型下的载荷,记录皮质骨板组、锁定板组、皮质骨板+皮质骨板组、皮质骨板+锁定板组在不同载荷下的骨折端位移,并进行统计学分析。
结果与结论:①在2 300 N压力载荷作用下,皮质骨板组的位移显著大于其他3组,差异有显著性意义(P < 0.05);锁定板组的位移显著大于皮质骨板+皮质骨板组、皮质骨板+锁定板组,差异有显著性意义(P < 0.05);而皮质骨板+皮质骨板组与皮质骨板+锁定板组的位移相比差异无显著性意义(P > 0.05);②在40 N•m扭矩载荷作用下,皮质骨板组与皮质骨板+皮质骨板组的位移相比差异无显著性意义(P > 0.05);锁定板组与皮质骨板+锁定板组的位移相比差异无显著性意义(P > 0.05);皮质骨板组、皮质骨板+皮质骨板组的位移显著大于锁定板组、皮质骨板+锁定板组,差异有显著性意义(P < 0.05);③提示对于Vancouver B2型股骨假体周围骨折,在更换翻修假体后,若稳定性较差,应尽量选择锁定板内固定,并依据骨量情况,选择是否加用同种异体皮质骨板捆扎固定。
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9718-8761 (董巍) 

关键词: 股骨, 假体周围骨折, Vancouver分型, 内固定, 有限元分析

Abstract: BACKGROUND: Periprosthetic fractures are severe complications after hip arthroplasty. The treatments could be varied. However, there is still a lack of validated comparison of these treatments.  
OBJECTIVE: To compare different treatments of Vancouver type B2 fracture based on finite element analysis.
METHODS:  The data of femurs of 30 healthy volunteers, primary and revision prosthesis and locking compress plate were collected. The data were input into finite element analysis software. Different surgeries for Vancouver type B2 fracture and different types of loads were simulated. The fracture end offset of the cortical bone plate group, locking plate group, cortical bone plate + cortical bone plate group, and cortical bone plate + locking plate group under different loads were recorded, and statistical analysis was performed.  
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) Under 2 300 N force load, the offset of cortical bone plate group was significantly greater than that of the other three groups (P < 0.05). The offset of locking plate group was significantly greater than that of cortical bone plate + cortical bone plate group and cortical bone plate + locking plate group (P < 0.05). However, the offset of cortical bone plate + cortical bone plate group was not significantly different from that of cortical bone plate + locking plate group (P > 0.05). (2) Under 40 N•m torque load, there was no significant difference in offset between cortical bone plate group and cortical bone plate + cortical bone plate group (P > 0.05). There was no significant difference in the offset between the locking plate group and the cortical bone plate + locking plate group (P > 0.05). The offset of cortical bone plate group and cortical bone plate + cortical bone plate group was significantly greater than that of locking plate group and cortical bone plate + locking plate group (P < 0.05). (3) For Vancouver type B2 fracture, after stem revision, if it is not stable enough, locking plate should be used as first choice, and adding a allograft strut could be sensible if necessary.

Key words: femur, periprosthetic fractures, Vancouver classification, internal fixation, finite element analysis

中图分类号: