中国组织工程研究 ›› 2021, Vol. 25 ›› Issue (15): 2430-2436.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.3821

• 骨与关节循证医学 evidence-based medicine of the bone and joint • 上一篇    下一篇

氨甲环酸和ε-氨基己酸减少全膝关节围置换期失血有效和安全性的Meta分析

陈  旺,冯  硕,张  羽,陈向阳   

  1. 徐州医科大学附属医院,江苏省徐州市   221002
  • 收稿日期:2020-06-28 修回日期:2020-07-03 接受日期:2020-07-31 出版日期:2021-05-28 发布日期:2021-01-05
  • 通讯作者: 陈向阳,博士,主任医师,副教授,硕士生导师,徐州医科大学附属医院骨科,江苏省徐州市 221002
  • 作者简介:陈旺,男,1995 年生,安徽省淮南市人,汉族,徐州医科大学在读硕士,目前主要从事骨关节外科方面的研究。

Efficacy and safety of tranexamic acid and epsilon-aminocaproic acid in reducing perioperative blood loss during total knee arthroplasty: a meta-analysis 

Chen Wang, Feng Shuo, Zhang Yu, Chen Xiangyang   

  1. The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221002, Jiangsu Province, China
  • Received:2020-06-28 Revised:2020-07-03 Accepted:2020-07-31 Online:2021-05-28 Published:2021-01-05
  • Contact: Chen Xiangyang, MD, Chief physician, Associate professor, Master’s supervisor, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221002, Jiangsu Province, China
  • About author:Chen Wang, Master candidate, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221002, Jiangsu Province, China

摘要:

文题释义:
全膝关节置换:人工全膝关节包括股骨假体和胫骨假体,有些还包括髌骨假体,其中股骨髁、胫骨托由金属制成,而胫骨垫和髌骨假体由超高分子量聚乙烯制成。全膝关节置换是用上述人工假体治疗已被严重损坏而不能行使正常功能的膝关节,达到消除疼痛、矫正畸形、恢复功能的目的。
抗纤溶药物:通过阻断纤溶酶与纤维蛋白原及纤维蛋白结合而发挥抗纤溶作用的药物,如ε-氨基己酸或氨甲环酸等。

目的:关于氨甲环酸和ε-氨基己酸在全膝关节置换围术期的对比研究较少。此次研究的目的在于比较两者在全膝关节置换围术期的差异性,系统性评估两种药物的安全性和有效性。
方法:在Cochrane图书馆、PubMed、Web of Science、中国知网、万方、维普等数据库上以关键词进行搜索;使用Endnote X9软件进行数据筛选和选择,应用Review Manager 5.3软件进行数据分析并绘制漏斗图、森林图。此次Meta分析包括7项研究,这些研究直接比较了氨甲环酸和ε-氨基己酸围术期的主要、次要临床结果。
结果:①纳入的7项研究中,包括应用抗纤溶药物氨甲环酸的患者1 508例,应用ε-氨基己酸的患者1 956例;②氨甲环酸组和ε-氨基己酸组在总失血量、血红蛋白下降量、单位红细胞输血量方面两者差异有显著性意义(P < 0.05),氨甲环酸组优于ε-氨基己酸组;③两组在术中失血量、红细胞容积损失量、红细胞压积下降值、每例患者单位输血量、输血人数、引流管引流量等主要结果和住院时间、止血带时间、手术时间、肺部并发症、心脏并发症、再入院人数等次要结果方面差异无显著性意义(P > 0.05)。
结论:Meta分析结果证明,两种抗纤溶药物在减少术中失血量、红细胞容积损失量、引流管引流量以及并发症等方面都显示出相似的疗效,但氨甲环酸在减少总失血量、血红蛋白下降量、单位红细胞输血量方面明显优于ε-氨基己酸。

https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7376-6179 (陈向阳) 

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:人工关节;骨植入物;脊柱;骨折;内固定;数字化骨科;组织工程

关键词: 骨, 膝关节, 置换, 失血量, 氨甲环酸, 氨基己酸, Meta分析

Abstract: OBJECTIVE: There are few comparative studies on tranexamic acid and epsilon-aminocaproic acid in the perioperative period of total knee arthroplasty. The purpose of this study is to compare the perioperative differences between the two drugs in total knee arthroplasty, and systematically evaluate the safety and effectiveness of the two drugs. 
METHODS: We searched by keywords on the databases of Cochrane Library, PubMed, Web of Science, CNKI, Wanfang, and VIP, and used software Endnote X9 for data screening and selection, software Review Manager 5.3 for data analysis and draw funnel and forest plots. This mete-analysis included seven studies that directly compared the primary and secondary clinical outcomes of tranexamic acid and epsilon-aminocaproic acid. 
RESULTS: (1) Of the seven studies included, 1 508 patients received the tranexamic acid and 1 956 patients received epsilon-aminocaproic acid. (2) The differences between the tranexamic acid group and the epsilon-aminocaproic acid group in terms of total blood loss, discharge hemoglobin, and erythrocyte units transfused were statistically significant (P < 0.05); and the tranexamic acid group was better than the epsilon-aminocaproic acid group. (3) There were no differences in the primary results such as intraoperative blood loss, erythrocyte volume loss, hematocrit drop, transfusion units per patient, number of blood transfusion, drain output and the secondary results such as length of stay, tourniquet time, operative time, pulmonary complications, cardiac complications, and number of readmission between the two groups (P > 0.05). 
CONCLUSION: This meta-analysis proves that both anti-fibrinolytic drugs showed similar efficacy in reducing intraoperative blood loss, erythrocyte volume loss, drain output and complications. However, tranexamic acid is significantly better than epsilon-aminocaproic acid in reducing total blood loss, discharge hemoglobin, and erythrocyte units transfused.

Key words: bone, knee, arthroplasty, blood loss volume, tranexamic acid, epsilon-aminocaproic acid, meta-analysis

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