中国组织工程研究 ›› 2021, Vol. 25 ›› Issue (15): 2309-2314.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.3812

• 骨与关节生物力学 bone and joint biomechanics • 上一篇    下一篇

三种后路单节段固定方式治疗Ⅱ型Hangman骨折的生物力学性能

阮汉江1,金根洋1,2,李新武2,姚  建1,武  鹏1,张  引1,张  帅1,肖  俊2   

  1. 1安徽医科大学无锡临床学院骨科,江苏省无锡市   214044;2中国人民解放军联勤保障部队第904医院骨科,江苏省无锡市   214044
  • 收稿日期:2020-07-20 修回日期:2020-07-22 接受日期:2020-08-26 出版日期:2021-05-28 发布日期:2021-01-04
  • 通讯作者: 金根洋,博士,副主任医师,安徽医科大学无锡临床学院骨科,江苏省无锡市 214044;中国人民解放军联勤保障部队第904医院骨科,江苏省无锡市 214044
  • 作者简介:阮汉江,男,1993年生,湖北省通山县人,汉族,安徽医科大学在读硕士,主要从事脊柱外科研究。
  • 基金资助:
    全军医药卫生科研基金(15ZD005),项目负责人:金根洋

Biomechanical properties of three types of posterior single-segment fixation for type II Hangman’s fracture

Ruan Hanjiang1, Jin Genyang1, 2, Li Xinwu2, Yao Jian1, Wu Peng1, Zhang Yin1, Zhang Shuai1, Xiao Jun2    

  1. 1Department of Orthopedics, Wuxi Clinical College of Anhui Medical University, Wuxi 214044, Jiangsu Province, China; 2Department of Orthopedics, 904 Hospital of Joint Logistics Support Force of Chinese PLA, Wuxi 214044, Jiangsu Province, China
  • Received:2020-07-20 Revised:2020-07-22 Accepted:2020-08-26 Online:2021-05-28 Published:2021-01-04
  • Contact: Jin Genyang, MD, Associate chief physician, Department of Orthopedics, Wuxi Clinical College of Anhui Medical University, Wuxi 214044, Jiangsu Province, China; Department of Orthopedics, 904 Hospital of Joint Logistics Support Force of Chinese PLA, Wuxi 214044, Jiangsu Province, China
  • About author:Ruan Hanjiang, Master candidate, Department of Orthopedics, Wuxi Clinical College of Anhui Medical University, Wuxi 214044, Jiangsu Province, China
  • Supported by:
    the Army Medical and Health Research Fund, No. 15ZD005 (to JGY)

摘要:

文题释义:
Hangman骨折:是指枢椎在突然遭受屈曲后伸或轴向压缩暴力作用下所致上、下关节突之间的部分发生的骨折,常伴前后纵韧带、相邻椎间盘损伤及枢椎脱位。
三维有限元:是通过螺旋CT扫描,利用医学三维重建软件Mimics获取颈椎整体轮廓曲线,通过阈值分割、区域生长、空洞填补等步骤,建立上颈椎网格模型,并对其进行有限元前处理,然后在ANSYS中建立上颈椎有限元模型。

背景:单节段普通C2椎弓根钉在治疗Hangman骨折时存在拉力较弱、双枚螺钉孤立固定稳定性差的特点。
目的:应用三维有限元方法分析3种后路单节段内固定方式治疗Ⅱ型Hangman骨折的生物力学性能,探讨新型内固定系统在治疗Ⅱ型Hangman骨折中的应用价值。
方法:通过CT扫描获取1例健康成年男性上颈椎的影像学数据资料,利用Mimics 10.01、Abaqus 6.12等软件,建立正常的上颈椎(C0-3)的三维有限元模型并行有效性验证。基于有效性验证的基础上,首先建立Ⅱ型Hangman骨折模型,然后建立3种内固定模型:模型A:普通椎弓根螺钉内固定模型;模型B:新型双螺纹中空椎弓根螺钉内固定模型;模型C:新型双螺纹中空万向椎弓根螺钉+“Ω”形横连内固定模型,比较各模型在不同工况下的三维活动度和螺钉所受应力情况。
结果与结论:①3种内固定方式下C0-3各节段在不同工况下的三维活动度与正常模型相差较小,相差最大的在C2-3扭转方向上,模型A、B、C较正常模型分别增大了0.6°、0.8°及0.8°,且3种内固定模型与正常模型之间三维活动度相比差异无显著性意义(P > 0.05);②3组内固定植入物各工况下最大应力的大小顺序均为:A组>B组>C组,且螺钉应力集中点在骨折线部位,经统计学分析3种内固定模型的最大应力差异有显著性意义(P < 0.05);③提示新型双螺纹中空万向椎弓根螺钉+“Ω”形横连内固定方式具有更优良的抗疲劳特性,且能最大程度地保留颈椎生理活动度,是一种可用于治疗Ⅱ型Hangman骨折的内固定方式。
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7098-1997 (阮汉江)

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:人工关节;骨植入物;脊柱;骨折;内固定;数字化骨科;组织工程

关键词: Hangman骨折, 上颈椎, 螺钉, 有限元分析, 内固定, 生物力学

Abstract: BACKGROUND: Single-segment common C2 pedicle screw has the characteristics of weak tension and poor stability of isolated fixation with two screws in the treatment of Hangman’s fracture.   
OBJECTIVE: To analyze the biomechanical properties of three posterior single-segment internal fixation methods for type II Hangman’s fractures with three-dimensional finite element method, and to explore the value of the new internal fixation system in the treatment of type II Hangman’s fractures. 
METHODS: The imaging data of a healthy adult male upper cervical spine were obtained by CT scanning. A three-dimensional finite element model of the normal upper cervical spine (C0-3) was established by software (Mimics 10.01 and Abaqus 6.12), and its availability was verified. Based on the availability verification, the model of type II Hangman’s fracture was established, and then three kinds of internal fixation models were established: Model A: common pedicle screws model, Model B: new pedicle screws model, Model C: new pedicle screws + “Ω” transverse model. The range of motion and the stress of the implanted screw of the each model under different working conditions were compared. 
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) The range of motion of each segment of C0-3 under different working conditions was smaller than the normal model, and the largest difference was in the rotation direction of C2-3, which was increased by 0.6°, 0.8° and 0.8° in the three internal fixation models A, B, and C. There was no statistically significant difference in range of motion between the three internal fixation models and the normal model (P > 0.05). (2) The order of the maximum stress of the three groups of internal fixation implants in each working condition was as follows: Group A > Group B > Group C, and the screw stress concentration point was in the middle of the screw. The three internal fixation models of the difference in maximum stress were statistically significant by statistical analysis (P < 0.05). (3) New pedicle screws + “Ω” transverse internal fixation has better anti-fatigue characteristics and could retain the physiological activity of the cervical spine to the greatest extent. It is a well type that can be used to treat type II Hangman’s fracture internal fixation. 

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:人工关节;骨植入物;脊柱;骨折;内固定;数字化骨科;组织工程

Key words: Hangman’s fracture, upper cervical spine, screw, finite element analysis, internal fixation, biomechanics

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