中国组织工程研究 ›› 2020, Vol. 24 ›› Issue (33): 5249-5254.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.2883

• 数字化骨科 digital orthopedics •    下一篇

骨科机器人辅助经皮椎体后凸成形治疗多节段脊柱转移瘤

林  书,胡  豇,万  仑,唐六一,王  跃,俞  阳,张  伟   

  1. 四川省医学科学院•四川省人民医院骨科,四川省成都市   610072
  • 收稿日期:2020-02-10 修回日期:2020-02-17 接受日期:2020-03-11 出版日期:2020-11-28 发布日期:2020-09-27
  • 通讯作者: 胡豇,主任医师,四川省医学科学院•四川省人民医院,四川省成都市 610072
  • 作者简介:林书,男,1987年生,四川省成都市人,汉族,2014年四川大学毕业,博士,主治医师,主要从事脊柱退变、脊柱骨折方面的研究。
  • 基金资助:
    四川省科技厅科技支撑项目(2019YFS0268)

Robot-guided percutaneous kyphoplasty in treatment of multi-segmental spinal metastases

Lin Shu, Hu Jiang, Wan Lun, Tang Liuyi, Wang Yue, Yu Yang, Zhang Wei   

  1. Department of Orthopedics, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences•Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital, Chengdu 610072, Sichuan Province, China
  • Received:2020-02-10 Revised:2020-02-17 Accepted:2020-03-11 Online:2020-11-28 Published:2020-09-27
  • Contact: Hu Jiang, Chief physician, Department of Orthopedics, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences•Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital, Chengdu 610072, Sichuan Province, China
  • About author:Lin Shu, MD, Attending physician, Department of Orthopedics, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences•Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital, Chengdu 610072, Sichuan Province, China
  • Supported by:

    the Science and Technology Support Project of Science and Technology Department of Sichuan Province, No. 2019YFS0268

摘要:

文题释义:

椎体后凸成形:是脊柱外科领域的一项微创技术,通过小切口将特制的骨导向器末端放入病变椎体,通过球囊撑开复位后注入骨水泥,恢复脊柱稳定性。一般可用于治疗脊柱压缩性骨折、转移瘤、骨髓瘤和血管瘤等疾病。

骨科机器人:通常由光学跟踪系统、导航系统、手术规划系统、机械臂等组成。由医生完成手术规划,机械臂运动至规划位置辅助手术,具有灵敏度高、定位准确等特点。

背景:经皮椎体后凸成形治疗多节段脊柱转移瘤存在手术时间长、透视剂量大、骨水泥易渗漏等相关问题。机器人辅助下经皮椎体后凸成形治疗可优化手术,减少并发症的发生。

目的:评价机器人辅助下经皮椎体后凸成形治疗多节段脊柱转移瘤的安全性和优势所在。

方法回顾分析20181月至20194月收治的43例无神经损伤症状多节段脊柱转移瘤患者的临床资料,根据手术方法分为机器人辅助组(n=22)和传统透视组(n=21)2组患者性别、年龄、病椎数量、原发肿瘤来源、术前目测类比评分等一般资料比较差异均无显著性意义(P > 0.05),具有可比性。收集2组患者手术时间、透视次数、透视剂量、椎弓根突破率、穿刺内倾角及骨水泥渗漏情况;对比2组术前、术后2 d及末次随访目测类比评分、椎体中线高度、Cobb角度。

结果与结论①机器人辅助组和传统透视组治疗的病椎数量分别为79个和70个;②机器人辅助组平均手术时间、透视次数明显少于传统透视组,透视剂量低于传统透视组,差异均有显著性意义(P < 0.001)③机器人辅助组椎弓根突破率为6%,传统透视组为21%,差异有显著性意义(χ2=6.040P=0.014)④机器人辅助组穿刺内倾角大于传统透视组(P < 0.001);⑤机器人辅助组骨水泥渗漏率显著低于传统透视组(8%23%χ2=6.869P=0.009);⑥术前、术后2 d、末次随访2组间目测类比评分、椎体中线高度、Cobb角比较,差异均无显著性意义(P > 0.05)⑦提示机器人辅助下经皮椎体后凸成形治疗多节段脊柱转移瘤可缩短手术时间,减少透视次数,降低透视剂量,穿刺准确率高,骨水泥渗漏风险低。

ORCID: 0000-0001-8185-9754(林书)

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:人工关节;骨植入物;脊柱;骨折;内固定;数字化骨科;组织工程

关键词: 骨, 机器人, 椎体, 后凸成形术, 脊柱, 转移瘤, 骨水泥, 影像

Abstract:

BACKGROUND: Percutaneous kyphoplasty for multi-segmental spinal metastases has some problems, such as long operation time, high fluoroscopic dose, and easy leakage of bone cement. Robot-guided percutaneous kyphoplasty can optimize surgery and reduce the incidence of complications.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the safety and advantage of robot-guided percutaneous kyphoplasty in treatment of multi-segmental spinal metastases.  

METHODS: The clinical data of 43 cases with multi-segmental spinal metastases with no signs of nerve injury from January 2018 to April 2019 were analyzed retrospectively. According to the different operation methods, the patients were divided into robot-guided group (22 cases) and traditional fluoroscopy group (21 cases). There was no significant difference in gender, age, number of diseased vertebrae, source of primary tumor and preoperative visual analogue scale score between the two groups (P > 0.05), with comparability. The data of operation time, fluoroscopy frequency, fluoroscopy dose, the incidence rate of pedicle wall breaking, angle of penetration, and leakage of bone cement were collected in both groups. Visual analogue scale score, the midline vertebral height and Cobb angle were compared preoperatively, 2 days postoperatively, and during the final follow-up between the two groups.

RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) The number of diseased vertebrae in the robot-guided group and traditional fluoroscopy group was 79 and 70, respectively. (2) The average operation time, fluoroscopy frequency and fluoroscopy dose in the robot-guided group were significantly lower than those in the traditional fluoroscopy group, and the difference was statistically significant (P < 0.001). (3) The incidence rate of pedicle wall breaking was 6% in the robot-guided group and 21% in the traditional fluoroscopy group, and the difference was statistically significant (χ2=6.040, P=0.014). (4) The angle of penetration in the robot-guided group was larger than those in the traditional fluoroscopy group (P < 0.001). (5) The leakage rate of bone cement in the robot-guided group was lower than in the traditional fluoroscopy group (8%, 23%,χ2=6.869, P=0.009). (6) There was no significant difference in visual analogue scale score, the midline vertebral heights and Cobb angle between the two groups before and 2 days after operation and during the final follow-up (P > 0.05). (7) It is indicated that robot-guided percutaneous kyphoplasty in treatment of multi-segmental spinal metastases can reduce operation time, reduce fluoroscopy frequency, reduce fluoroscopy dose, have good accuracy of penetration and low leakage rate of bone cement. 

Key words: bone, robot, vertebral body, kyphoplasty, spine, metastasis, bone cement, image

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