中国组织工程研究 ›› 2020, Vol. 24 ›› Issue (12): 1897-1904.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.2526

• 骨与关节生物力学 bone and joint biomechanics • 上一篇    下一篇

国产新型腰椎棘突间撑开器体外生物力学测试及有限元分析

王宝东,侯继春,何人可,曹  杨   

  1. 哈尔滨医科大学附属第一医院骨一科,黑龙江省哈尔滨市   150001
  • 收稿日期:2019-06-13 修回日期:2019-06-14 接受日期:2019-09-07 出版日期:2020-04-28 发布日期:2020-03-01
  • 通讯作者: 曹杨,主任医师(副主任),哈尔滨医科大学附属第一医院骨一科,黑龙江省哈尔滨市 150001
  • 作者简介:王宝东,男,1989年生,河北省唐山市人,汉族,哈尔滨医科大学毕业,硕士,医师,主要从事脊柱外科方面的研究。
  • 基金资助:
    哈尔滨市科学技术局项目(2013AA3BS016)

Finite element analysis and in vitro biomechanical experiment of new domestic lumbar interspinous process distraction device 

Wang Baodong, Hou Jichun, He Renke, Cao Yang   

  1. First Department of Orthopedics, First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150001, Heilongjiang Province, China
  • Received:2019-06-13 Revised:2019-06-14 Accepted:2019-09-07 Online:2020-04-28 Published:2020-03-01
  • Contact: Cao Yang, Chief physician, First Department of Orthopedics, First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150001, Heilongjiang Province, China
  • About author:Wang Baodong, Master, Physician, First Department of Orthopedics, First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150001, Heilongjiang Province, China
  • Supported by:
    a grant from the Science and Technology Bureau of Harbin City, No. 2013AA3BS016

摘要:

文题释义:
三维有限元分析:运用计算机三维模型,从结构、形态、弹性模量上模拟人体腰椎屈伸、侧弯、轴向旋转活动,通过应力云图直观显示在不同位置棘突间撑开器、椎体植入节段及临近节段的应力分布及腰椎活动度等情况。有限元分析只是一种模拟实验,因此其对该装置的评价需要结合动物实验和临床观察,才能更接近实际。
体外生物力学:是应用力学原理和方法对生物体中力学问题定量研究的生物物理学分支。随着生物力学在医学领域的不断发展,运用生物力学来检测新设计的脊柱内固定器械的生物特性已成为一项必经程序。体外生物力学实验试件通常选择的是内固定器械与实验标本共同组成的标本单元。采用此形式对测试物体进行脊柱屈伸、侧弯和侧旋等生理载荷模式下的力学测试,可更加精确、方便和准确地获得内固定器械特性参数,与三维有限元分析相辅相成。

背景:腰椎棘突间撑开器非融合系统为腰椎退行性疾病提供了一种新的治疗选择。但目前国内临床对于腰椎棘突间撑开系统的应用及研究严重不足,对于适用于国人的国产化腰椎棘突间撑开器更是鲜有报道。

目的:通过人体腰椎三维有限元分析技术和山羊腰椎体外生物力学实验分析国产新型棘突间撑开器生物力学特点,验证新型腰椎棘突间撑开器的科学性和有效性。

方法:①国产新型腰椎棘突间撑开器有限元分析:通过正常成人腰椎CT资料建立L2-L5椎体三维模型,随后依次建立国产新型腰椎棘突间撑开器模型、国产新型腰椎棘突间撑开器腰椎非融合系统模型,赋予腰椎生理情况下的力学条件,对新型撑开器植入前后进行生物力学分析;②国产新型腰椎棘突间撑开器体外生物力学分析:获取24只成年雄性山羊腰椎(L1-L5),在L3-4棘突间植入国产新型腰椎棘突间撑开器,撑开器植入前后检测腰椎标本前屈、后伸、侧弯、旋转状态下的腰椎活动度与椎间盘压力。

结果与结论:①在撑开器植入后,责任节段后伸时活动范围及椎间盘压力减小,相邻节段活动度和椎间盘压力几乎不受影响,从理论上验证了腰椎棘突间撑开器可以为腰椎退行性疾病的治疗提供了生物力学依据,为预防临椎病贡献了理论参考。②在后伸状态下,L3-4椎体植入撑开器后的椎体活动度明显小于植入前(P < 0.05),L2-3、L4-5椎体植入撑开器后的椎体活动度与植入前比较差异无显著性意义(P > 0.05);在前屈、侧弯、旋转状态下,L2-3、L3-4、L4-5椎体植入撑开器后的椎体活动度与植入前比较差异均无显著性意义(P > 0.05)。在后伸状态下,L3-4椎体植入撑开器后的椎间盘压力明显小于植入前(P < 0.05),L2-3、L4-5椎体植入撑开器后的椎间盘压力与植入前比较差异无显著性意义(P > 0.05);在前屈、侧弯、旋转状态下,L2-3、L3-4、L4-5椎体植入撑开器后的椎间盘压力与植入前比较差异均无显著性意义(P > 0.05)。③结果表明,国产新型腰椎棘突间撑开器的科学性和有效性均从三维有限元分析和体外动物腰椎标本实验得到了有力验证,为国产新型棘突间撑开器的活体动物实验、临床实验、临床应用以及临床生产提供了有力的依据。

ORCID: 0000-0001-6432-9794(王宝东)

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:人工关节;骨植入物;脊柱骨折;内固定;数字化骨科;组织工程

关键词: 腰椎棘突间撑开器, 有限元分析, 生物力学, 邻近节段退变, 腰椎退变疾病, 腰椎, 生物力学, 内固定器, 组织工程

Abstract:

BACKGROUND: The non-fusion system of lumbar interspinous process distraction device provides a new treatment option for lumbar degenerative diseases. However, at present, the clinical application and research of lumbar interspinous process distraction device are reported insufficiently in China, especially for the domestic lumbar interspinous process distraction device.

OBJECTIVE: To verify the scientific nature and effectiveness of the new domestic lumbar interspinous process distraction device through finite element analysis and in vitro biomechanical experiment of goat lumbar spine.

METHODS: (1) Finite element analysis of new domestic lumbar interspinous process distraction device: L2-L5 three-dimensional model of vertebral body was established based on normal adult lumbar CT data. From then on, new domestic lumbar interspinous process distraction device model, new lumbar interspinous process distraction device model of lumbar non fusion system were successively built. The mechanical conditions were given under the physiological conditions of lumbar spine. Biomechanical analysis was carried out before and after the new domestic lumbar interspinous process distraction device was implanted. (2) In vitro biomechanical analysis of new domestic lumbar interspinous process distraction device: the lumbar vertebrae (L1-L5) of 24 adult male goats were obtained, and the new domestic lumbar interspinous process distraction device was implanted between the L3-4 spinous process. Before and after the placement of the lumbar interspinous process distraction device, the lumbar motion range and the pressure of the intervertebral disc under the flexion, extension, lateral bending and rotation of the lumbar specimens were detected.

RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) After the new lumbar interspinous process distraction device was implanted, the motion range and the pressure of the intervertebral disc of responsible segment were reduced, while the adjacent segments’ mobility and the pressure of the intervertebral disc were almost unaffected. It was theoretically verified that the new domestic lumbar interspinous process distraction device could provide the biomechanical basis for the treatment of the lumbar degenerative diseases, and contribute to the theoretical reference for the prevention of the clinical diseases. (2) In the state of extension, the motion range of L3-4 vertebral body after implanting the new lumbar interspinous process distraction device was significantly lower than that before implantation (P < 0.05). There was no significant difference between L2-3 and L4-5 vertebral body after implanting the new lumbar interspinous process distraction device and that before implantation (P > 0.05). In the state of flexion, lateral bending and rotation, there was no significant difference between L2-3, L3-4 and L4-5 vertebral body after implanting the lumbar interspinous process distraction device and that before implantation (P > 0.05). In the state of extension, the pressure of intervertebral disc after L3-4 vertebral body implantation was significantly lower than that before implantation (P < 0.05). There was no significant difference between L2-3 and L4-5 vertebral body implantation and that before implantation (P > 0.05). In the state of flexion, lateral bending and rotation, there was no significant difference between L2-3, L3-4 and L4-5 vertebral body implantation and that before implantation (P > 0.05). (3) The results showed that the scientific nature and validity of the new domestic lumbar interspinous process distraction device was verified by three-dimensional finite element analysis and in vitro animal lumbar specimens experiment, which provided a strong basis for the animal experiment, clinical experiment, clinical application and clinical production of the new domestic lumbar interspinous process distraction device.

Key words:  lumbar interspinous process distraction device, finite element analysis, biomechanics, adjacent segment degeneration, lumbar degenerative disease, lumbar vertebra, biomechanics, internal fixator, tissue engineering

中图分类号: