中国组织工程研究 ›› 2020, Vol. 24 ›› Issue (4): 532-537.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.1405

• 细胞外基质材料 extracellular matrix materials • 上一篇    下一篇

真皮脱细胞基质复合骨髓间充质干细胞修复比格犬关节软骨缺损

靳少锋,郑  蕊,杰永生,陈  磊,綦  惠,孙  磊,舒  雄   

  1. 北京积水潭医院/北京市创伤骨科研究所,北京市  100035
  • 收稿日期:2018-10-24 修回日期:2018-11-05 接受日期:2018-12-08 出版日期:2020-02-08 发布日期:2020-01-07
  • 通讯作者: 舒雄,研究实习员,北京积水潭医院/北京市创伤骨科研究所,北京市 100035
  • 作者简介:靳少锋,男,1981年生,河北省曲周县人,汉族,2007年解放军第四军医大学毕业,技师,主要从事组织修复材料方面的实验研究。
  • 基金资助:
    北京市属医学科研院所科技发展项目(PXM2017_026275_000004)

Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells combined with acellular dermal matrix repair beagle dog articular cartilage defects 

Jin Shaofeng, Zheng Rui, Jie Yongsheng, Chen Lei, Qi Hui, Sun Lei, Shu Xiong   

  1. Beijing Jishuitan Hospital/Beijing Institute of Traumatology and Orthopedics, Beijing 100035, China
  • Received:2018-10-24 Revised:2018-11-05 Accepted:2018-12-08 Online:2020-02-08 Published:2020-01-07
  • Contact: Shu Xiong, Research assistant, Beijing Jishuitan Hospital/Beijing Institute of Traumatology and Orthopedics, Beijing 100035, China
  • About author:Jin Shaofeng, Technician, Beijing Jishuitan Hospital/Beijing Institute of Traumatology and Orthopedics, Beijing 100035, China
  • Supported by:
    the Science and Technology Development Project of Beijing Municipal Medical Research Institutes, No. PXM2017_026275_000004

摘要:

文题释义:
骨髓间充质干细胞作为软骨组织工程中的种子细胞:目前软骨细胞作为种子细胞在体外已经构造出各种不同的成熟软骨组织,但软骨细胞体外扩增能力差,且易发生老化和去分化,效果都不够理想,而且软骨细胞在体内来源有限,取材时还会引起新的创伤,这些问题显著限制了其临床应用潜能。骨髓间充质干细胞是一种多能成体干细胞,具有多向分化及自我更新的潜能,还具有明显的可塑性,易于体外培养、扩增。在体外被诱导分化为软骨细胞,而且在体内可迁移到软骨损伤处,参与软骨缺损的修复。
真皮来源细胞外基质:是动物皮肤组织通过各种物理和化学方式处理,去除其表皮及真皮层的细胞成分,保留完整的细胞外基质蛋白和基底膜。由于具有合适的孔隙率,良好的生物相容性和支撑效果,是一种修复软骨缺损合适的支架材料。


背景:真皮来源细胞外基质作为软骨修复支架为软骨组织的生长提供空间支持,同时促进细胞黏附和增殖,骨髓间充质干细胞具有向软骨细胞诱导分化的作用,两者单独应用均有不足。

目的:探索比格犬骨髓间充质干细胞复合小牛真皮脱细胞基质修复比格犬膝关节软骨缺损的可行性。

方法:抽取比格犬骨髓血,采用密度梯度离心法获取骨髓间充质干细胞并传代。取新生小牛背部真皮组织,通过物理和化学方法脱除细胞成分,制备真皮脱细胞基质。真皮脱细胞基质表面缓慢滴加0.2 mL细胞悬浮液至完全覆盖支架,放在37 ℃、体积分数为5% CO2培养箱中静置48 h备用。选取12只成年比格犬构建膝关节软骨缺损动物模型,随机分为3组:支架复合骨髓间充质干细胞组软骨缺损处缝合真皮脱细胞基质复合自体骨髓间充质干细胞;单纯支架组软骨缺损处缝合真皮脱细胞基质;模型对照组不进行处理。术后12周获取比格犬右膝关节组织,进行体视显微镜观察、苏木精-伊红染色和Ⅱ型胶原免疫组化染色。

结果与结论:①扫描电镜显示骨髓间充质干细胞在脱细胞基质中黏附和生长良好;②苏木精-伊红染色显示,支架复合骨髓间充质干细胞组修复平面略低于周边正常组织,修复组织与周围软骨整合很好,单纯支架组软骨缺损处为纤维组织填充,模型对照组缺损周边仅有少量修复;③Ⅱ型胶原免疫组化染色显示,支架复合骨髓间充质干细胞组软骨缺损处为类软骨组织填充,单纯支架组软骨缺损处为纤维组织填充,模型对照组软骨缺损处无修复组织填充;④结果表明,新型小牛真皮脱细胞基质具有良好的生物相容性,可以促进骨髓间充质干细胞增殖,自体骨髓间充质干细胞与真皮脱细胞基质复合物可有效修复比格犬膝关节软骨缺损。

ORCID: 0000-0002-5030-0349(舒雄)

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:生物材料;骨生物材料; 口腔生物材料; 纳米材料; 缓释材料; 材料相容性;组织工程


关键词: 骨髓间充质干细胞, 真皮脱细胞基质, 膝关节软骨缺损, 软骨修复, 类软骨组织, 细胞黏附, 细胞增殖

Abstract:

BACKGROUND: Dermis-derived extracellular matrix, as a cartilage repair scaffold, provides a space for the growth of cartilage tissue, and promotes cell adhesion and proliferation. Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells have the potential to differentiate into chondrocytes. Both of them used alone have disadvantages.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the feasibility of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells combined with calf acellular dermal matrix to repair beagle dog articular cartilage defects.

METHODS: Beagle dog bone marrow blood was extracted from Beagle dogs. Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells were obtained by density gradient centrifugation and passaged. Acellular dermal matrix was prepared from the dorsal dermis of neonatal calves by ultrasonic oscillation, freeze-drying and pepsin. 0.2 mL of cell suspension was added to the surface of acellular dermal matrix until covered, then which was placed in a 5% CO2 incubator at 37 °C for 48 hours. Twelve adult beagle dogs were used to establish knee joint cartilage defect models, and then randomized into three groups: In the acellular dermal matrix combined with bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells group (combination group), cartilage defects were repaired with acellular dermal matrix combined with bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells. In the single acellular dermal matrix group, cartilage defects were repaired with acellular dermal matrix. The model control group received no treatment. At 12 weeks after surgery, the right knee joints were observed by stereomicroscope, hematoxylin-eosin staining and type II collagen immunohistochemical staining.

RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) Scanning electron microscopy showed that bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells adhered to and grew well in the acellular dermal matrix. (2) Hematoxylin-eosin staining revealed that the repaired surface in the combination group was slightly lower than that of the surrounding normal tissues, and the repaired tissues integrated well with the surrounding cartilages. The defects in the single acellular dermal matrix group were filled with fibrous tissues. Few surrounding tissues of defect were repaired in the model control group. (3) Type II collagen immunohistochemical staining showed that in the combination group, articular cartilage defects were filled with chondrocyte-like tissues. In the single acellular dermal matrix group, the defect was filled with fibrous tissues. No tissue was found in the model control group. (4) These results indicate that the new calf acellular dermal matrix has good biocompatibility and can promote the proliferation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells. Autologous bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells combined with acellular dermal matrix can effectively repair beagle dog knee joint cartilage defects.

Key words: bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells, acellular dermal matrix, knee joint cartilage defects, chondrocyte-like tissues, cell adhesion, cell proliferation

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