中国组织工程研究 ›› 2019, Vol. 23 ›› Issue (33): 5385-5391.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.1841

• 干细胞综述 stem cell review • 上一篇    下一篇

间充质干细胞在周围神经损伤修复中的应用现状及前景分析

曹丽芝1,冯乃波2,王  娟1,陈嘉峰1   

  1. 1吉林大学第一医院,吉林省长春市  130000;2吉林大学第二医院,吉林省长春市  130000
  • 修回日期:2019-06-12 出版日期:2019-11-28 发布日期:2019-11-28
  • 通讯作者: 陈嘉峰,教授,吉林大学第一医院,吉林省长春市 130000
  • 作者简介:曹丽芝,女,1992年生,山东省潍坊市人,汉族,吉林大学在读硕士,主要从事神经内科研究。

Mesenchymal stem cells: present status and prospect for its application in peripheral nerve injury

Cao Lizhi1, Feng Naibo2, Wang Juan1, Chen Jiafeng1   

  1. 1The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130000, Jilin Province, China; 2The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130000, Jilin Province, China
  • Revised:2019-06-12 Online:2019-11-28 Published:2019-11-28
  • Contact: Chen Jiafeng, Professor, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130000, Jilin Province, China
  • About author:Cao Lizhi, Master candidate, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130000, Jilin Province, China

摘要:

文章快速阅读:

文题释义:
外泌体:
是指包含了复杂RNA和蛋白质的小膜泡(30-150 nm)。多种细胞在正常及病理状态下均可分泌外泌体,主要来源于细胞内溶酶体微粒内陷形成的多囊泡体,经多囊泡体外膜与细胞膜融合后释放到胞外基质中。外泌体的功能取决于其所来源的细胞类型,可参与到机体免疫应答、抗原提呈、细胞迁移、细胞分化、肿瘤侵袭等多个方面。
髓鞘化:也称鞘化,是指髓鞘发展的过程,它使神经兴奋在沿神经纤维传导时速度加快,并保证其定向传导。在周围神经修复时,再生神经纤维髓鞘化可以改善损伤神经功能,更利于神经修复。

 

摘要
背景:
间充质干细胞具有多向分化潜能,并拥有免疫调节特性,近年来在周围神经损伤修复方面备受研究者青睐。
目的:总结近年来国内外研究者应用间充质干细胞修复周围神经损伤的效果。
方法:作者检索PubMed、Sciencedirect、Medline、中国知网等数据库中自2000年1月至2019年2月的相关文章。英文检索词为“peripheral nerve injury,mesenchymal stem cells,issue engineering,exosomes,nerve guidance conduits,genetic engineering”,中文检索词为“周围神经损伤,间充质干细胞,组织工程,外泌体,神经导管,基因工程”,检索文献类型为研究原著,初检文章428篇,再经过严格筛选后,对符合要求的66篇文献进行分类综述。
结果与结论:间充质干细胞通过局部移植的方式注入周围神经损伤区域,可以有效促进神经轴突生长,并且能够抑制损伤部位周围炎症反应,为神经损伤修复提供适宜的微环境。间充质干细胞外泌体技术的应用可以有效解决细胞增殖和宿主免疫带来的不利因素。同时,间充质干细胞结合组织工程神经导管支架技术可以获得更佳的神经修复效果。目前基因工程技术可以用于靶向修饰间充质干细胞,以设计出更符合周围神经损伤修复应用的理想种子细胞。总之,间充质干细胞在周围神经修复方面展现出独特的优势,是一项理想的组织工程策略。


中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:干细胞;骨髓干细胞;造血干细胞;脂肪干细胞;肿瘤干细胞;胚胎干细胞;脐带脐血干细胞;干细胞诱导;干细胞分化;组织工程
ORCID: 0000-0002-1418-9217(曹丽芝)

关键词: 间充质干细胞, 周围神经损伤, 外泌体, 神经导管, 基因工程, 组织工程

Abstract:

BACKGROUND: Mesenchymal stem cells have multi-directional differentiation potential and immunomodulatory properties. In recent years, mesenchymal stem cells have been favored by researchers in the repair of peripheral nerve injury.
OBJECTIVE: To summarize the efficacy of mesenchymal stem cells in the repair of peripheral nerve injury in recent years.
METHODS: The authors retrieved PubMed, ScienceDirect, Medline and CNKI databases for relevant articles published from January 2000 to February 2019. The key words were “peripheral nerve injury, mesenchymal stem cells, tissue engineering, exosomes, nerve guidance conduits, genetic engineering” in Chinese and English, respectively. Initially, 428 articles were retrieved, and finally 66 articles were included in result analysis.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Mesenchymal stem cells can be locally injected into the site of peripheral nerve injury, effectively promoting the growth of axons, inhibiting inflammatory reactions around the injured site, and providing a suitable microenvironment for nerve repair. Mesenchymal stem cells-derived exosomes can be used to effectively solve negative factors caused by cell proliferation and host immunity response. Mesenchymal stem cells combined with nerve conduit scaffolds achieve better neurological repair concurrently. Genetic engineering techniques can be targeted to modify mesenchymal stem cells to design ideal seed cells that are more available for repairing peripheral nerve injuries. In conclusion, mesenchymal stem cells have unique advantages in peripheral nerve repair, which is an ideal strategy for tissue engineering.

Key words: mesenchymal stem cells, peripheral nerve injury, exosomes, nerve conduits, genetic engineering, tissue engineering

中图分类号: