中国组织工程研究 ›› 2019, Vol. 23 ›› Issue (36): 5794-5799.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.1896

• 骨科植入物 orthopedic implant • 上一篇    下一篇

股骨转子间骨折股骨近端防旋髓内钉内固定切割失效的有限元仿真

郑利钦1,陈心敏1,张  彪2,李木生1,梁子毅1,郑永泽1,林梓凌3,4
  

  1. 1广州中医药大学第一临床医学院,广东省广州市  510405;2湖南大学汽车车身先进设计制造国家重点实验室,湖南省长沙市  410082;3广州中医药大学第一附属医院创伤骨科,广东省广州市   510405;4广州中医药大学岭南医学研究中心,广东省广州市  510405
  • 出版日期:2019-12-28 发布日期:2019-12-28
  • 通讯作者: 林梓凌,博士,主任医师,教授,硕士生导师,广州中医药大学第一附属医院创伤骨科,广东省广州市 510405;广州中医药大学岭南医学研究中心,广东省广州市 510405
  • 作者简介:郑利钦,男,1993年生,广东省惠州市人,汉族,广州中医药大学2017级在读硕士,主要从事骨与关节损伤的生物力学研究。
  • 基金资助:

    国家自然科学基金项目(81673996),项目负责人:林梓凌

Finite element simulation of cut-out failure of proximal femoral nail anti-rotation for intertrochanteric fracture

Zheng Liqin1, Chen Xinmin1, Zhang Biao2, Li Musheng1, Liang Ziyi1, Zheng Yongze1, Lin Ziling3, 4
  


  • Online:2019-12-28 Published:2019-12-28
  • Contact: Lin Ziling, MD, Chief physician, Professor, Master’s supervisor, Department of Traumatic Orthopedics, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510405, Guangdong Province, China; Lingnan Medical Research Center of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510405, Guangdong Province, China
  • About author:Zheng Liqin, Master candidate, First School of Clinical Medicine of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510405, Guangdong Province, China
  • Supported by:

    the National Natural Science Foundation of China, No. 81673996 (to LZL)

摘要:

文章快速阅读:

文题释义:
股骨近端防旋髓内钉:是治疗不稳定型股骨转子间骨折的常用内固定系统,打入股骨头的螺旋刀片表面积大,能对骨质进行填压从而增加锚合力,具有较好的抗旋、抗内翻畸形、手术时间短等优点。
螺旋刀片切割:股骨近端防旋髓内钉主钉在股骨头内固定失效,发生切割,近端骨折块发生内翻甚至主钉穿出股骨头的现象,是股骨近端防旋髓内钉最常见的失效类型。导致切割失效的因素包括骨质量、骨折块形状大小、复位、内固定选材及放入的位置等。
 
摘要
背景:螺旋刀片切割是股骨近端防旋髓内钉固定失效的主要类型。目前股骨转子间骨折内固定有限元研究主要通过分析静态受力分布(Von Mises 应力云图)预测内固定失效发生的起始部位,但不能直观展示内固定失效的过程。单元删除法可直观展示构件断裂的扩展过程,将此方法应用于内固定失效的有限元研究具有实际意义。
目的:仿真模拟转子间骨折股骨近端防旋髓内钉内固定后切割失效的生物力学过程。
方法:选取1名健康志愿者的原始股骨CT数据导入Mimics 19.0中,经过区域增长、腔隙填充、编辑蒙罩、包裹、光滑等步骤初步建立三维模型,并在Geomagic Studio进行优化处理,得到股骨的仿真三维模型。在SolidWorks中按照股骨近端防旋髓内钉规格参数构建股骨近端防旋髓内钉三维模型,装配组件,然后导入优化的股骨仿真三维模型,根据临床手术操作技术将股骨近端防旋髓内钉固定到到股骨近端,建立股骨与股骨近端防旋髓内钉装配模型。将装配模型导入Hypermesh对模型进行四面体网格划分,构建AO31-A2.1型骨折,设置材料参数及摩擦系数,导出K文件在LS-DYNA求解。
结果与结论:①股骨颈骨折块向远端骨折块滑移与小转子、股骨干相接触,螺旋刀片周围松质骨开始断裂、压缩,而后股骨头开始内翻、旋转,小转子阳性支撑使得内翻速度大于旋转速度,当小转子失去支撑后股骨颈旋转速度大于内翻速度,最终导致内固定失效;②起始时应力主要集中在外侧壁及转子下,随着载荷增加,小转子骨块的应力逐渐增大,并逐渐分散分布于转子间及转子下;③失效应变主要集中在接触界面,如与螺旋刀片相接触的外侧壁、股骨颈骨折端与小转子接触处、小转子与股骨干接触处;④股骨颈与小转子骨块是主要的不稳定部分,在失效过程中位移最明显,其中股骨头后方位移最大;⑤结果提示,AO31-A2.1型转子间骨折股骨近端防旋髓内钉内固定失效是个复合过程,包含了股骨颈短缩、内翻、旋转等失效类型。


ORCID: 0000-0001-5241-1096(郑利钦)

关键词: 转子间骨折, 股骨近端防旋髓内钉, 内固定失效, 螺旋刀片, 生物力学, 有限元, 国家自然科学基金

Abstract:

BACKGROUND: Spiral blade cut-out is the main failure in proximal femoral nail anti-rotation. Generally, it is based on Von Mises stress to evaluate the fixation failure risk and the primary zone in finite element analysis with a disadvantage that cannot directly demonstrate the development of failure. Element erosion method is designed to show the crack propagation in component in engineering which will have an important role in studying internal fixation failure.
OBJECTIVE: To simulate biomechanical process of cut-out failure of proximal femoral nail anti-rotation for intertrochanteric fracture.  
METHODS: CT data of femur from a healthy volunteer were collected and imported to Mimics 19.0 software. After region growing, editing, smoothing and wrapping, a three-dimensional finite element model of proximal femur was created and polished in Geomagic Studio. Proximal femoral nail anti-rotation model was created in SolidWorks based on the specification and matched with the polished femoral according to the surgical protocol. Component including proximal femoral nail anti-rotation and femur was imported in Hypermesh for tetrahedron meshing and fracture constructing as AO31-A2.1. After setting material content and friction coefficient, K file was finally solved in LS-DYNA.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) Femoral neck fragment slid to shaft and lesser trochanter until medial cortical contact, breakdown of cancellous bone surrounding helical blade causing varus and rotational movement of femoral head. The varus was translated faster than rotational movement with a positive support of lesser trochanter, while conversely with a negative support of lesser trochanter. Finally, these led to internal fixation failure. (2) When failure began, stress distributed on the lateral wall and under lesser trochanter, and then stress increased on lesser trochanter and dispersed over intertrochanteric region. (3) Failure strain mainly concentrated on the contact surface between helical blade and lateral wall, femoral neck and lesser trochanter, lesser trochanter and femoral shaft. (4) Femoral neck and lesser trochanter were the unstable part with the most significant displacement, especially on the posterior of femoral head. (5) Results indicate that failure of AO31-A2.1 fracture fixed by proximal femoral nail anti-rotation is compound, including crispation, varus and rotation.

Key words: intertrochanteric fracture, proximal femoral nail anti-rotation, internal fixation failure, spiral blade, biomechanics, finite element, National Natural Science Foundation of China

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