中国组织工程研究 ›› 2019, Vol. 23 ›› Issue (14): 2254-2260.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.1651

• 生物材料综述 biomaterial review • 上一篇    下一篇

骨科金属植入物抗菌修饰的优点与问题

罗 进1,2,兰 海1,2   

  1. 1遵义医学院,贵州省遵义市 563000;2成都大学附属医院,四川省成都市 610000
  • 收稿日期:2018-12-12
  • 通讯作者: 兰海,教授,遵义医学院,贵州省遵义市 563000;成都大学附属医院,四川省成都市 610000
  • 作者简介:罗进,男,1990年生,四川省宜宾市人,汉族,遵义医学院在读硕士,医师,主要从事骨科研究。
  • 基金资助:

    四川省科技厅项目:3D打印超弹性骨材料组织工程人工骨实验研究(18YYJC0063),项目负责人:兰海

Antimicrobial modification for orthopedic metal implants: merits and demerits

Luo Jin1, 2, Lan Hai1, 2   

  1. 1Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563000, Guizhou Province, China; 2Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu University, Chengdu 610000, Sichuan Province, China
  • Received:2018-12-12
  • Contact: Lan Hai, Professor, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563000, Guizhou Province, China; Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu University, Chengdu 610000, Sichuan Province, China
  • About author:Luo Jin, Master candidate, Physician, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563000, Guizhou Province, China; Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu University, Chengdu 610000, Sichuan Province, China
  • Supported by:

    the Funded Project of Sichuan Provincial Scientific and Technological Bureau, No. 18YYJC0063 (to LH)

摘要:

文章快速阅读:

 

文题释义:

钛合金:钛是20世纪50年代发展起来的一种重要结构金属,钛合金是以钛元素为基础加入其他元素组成的合金。钛合金具有强度高、耐热性高、耐蚀性好等特点,被广泛用于各个领域。钛有2种同质异晶体:钛是同素异构体,熔点为1 668 ,在低于882 ℃时呈密排六方晶格结构,称为α-钛;在882 ℃以上呈体心立方品格结构,称为β-钛。利用钛上述2种结构的不同特点,添加适当的合金元素,使其相变温度及组分含量逐渐改变而得到不同组织的钛合金。 

抗菌涂层:抗菌是指具有杀菌、灭菌、抑菌、消毒等功能的合称,指杀灭细菌或妨碍细菌生长繁殖及其活性的过程。涂层是为了防护、修饰等目的,涂布于金属等基体上的薄层。因此,抗菌涂层是指具有杀菌或抑菌功能的薄层,此薄层既可使钛合金等金属植入物在体内避免被体液腐蚀,又可抑制或者杀灭细菌。
 
 
背景:骨科植入物感染是骨科有待解决的问题,目前研究者们正在努力赋予植入物抗感染功能,植入物抗菌活性研究已成为研究的热点。
目的:介绍了近年来骨科金属植入物修饰的方法。
方法:应用计算机检索Science Direct online数据库2005至2019年发表的相关文献,检索关键词为“antimicrobial,coating”;检索万方数据库、维普中文期刊服务平台2005至2018年发表的相关文献,检索关键词“抗菌,涂层”。

结果与结论:当前对骨科植入物的抗菌改性处理主要分植入物自身的抗菌改性处理与植入物表面抗菌改性处理,其中植入物表面抗菌改性方法主要有电化学改性、微弧氧化、磁控溅射法、喷涂法、化学转化、激光表面修饰、等离子体注入、纳米球光刻、溶胶/凝胶法、水热法、逐层组装、多种方法联合处理等,每种抗菌修饰方法均有其优缺点。

关键词: 植入物, 金属植入物, 抗菌修饰, 涂层, 抗菌改性, 磁控溅射法, 激光表面修饰

Abstract:

BACKGROUND: Infection of orthopedic implants is a problem to be solved. Currently, scholars are trying to endow orthopedic implants with an anti-infection function, and the research on antibacterial activity of implants has been a hot topic.

OBJECTIVE: To introduce the modification methods of orthopedic metal implants in recent years.
METHODS: Science Direct online (2015-2019), WanFang (2015-2018) and VIP (2015-2018) databases were retrieved for literatures using the keywords of “antimicrobial, coating” in English and Chinese, respectively.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The currently used antimicrobial modification for orthopedic implants mainly consists of the self-antibacterial modification of the implant and the antibacterial modification on the surface of the implant. The antibacterial modification methods on the surface of the implant mainly include electrochemical modification method, magnetron sputtering method, spraying method, chemical conversion method, laser surface modification method, plasma injection method, nanosphere photolithography, sol/gel method, hydrothermal method, layer-by-layer assembly and combined treatment of various methods. Each antimicrobial modification method has its own merits and demerits.

Key words: Prostheses and Implants, Prosthesis-Related Infections, Tissue Engineering

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