中国组织工程研究 ›› 2017, Vol. 21 ›› Issue (15): 2410-2417.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.2017.15.021

• 骨与关节综述 bone and joint review • 上一篇    下一篇

医用骨科假体植入物多孔结构设计的研究和临床应用现状

梁豪君1,李瑞延2,刘贯聪1,秦彦国1   

  1. 1吉林大学第二医院,吉林省长春市 130041;2吉林大学第二临床学院,吉林省长春市 130041
  • 出版日期:2017-05-28 发布日期:2017-06-07
  • 作者简介:梁豪君,男,1992年生,山东省垦利县人,汉族,2015年吉林大学临床医学院毕业,主要从事多孔钛合金表面改性研究。
  • 基金资助:

    吉林省省级产业专业创新专项资金项目(2016C037);吉林省科技发展计划项目(20150414006G H)

Design of the porous orthopedic implants: research and application status

Liang Hao-jun1, Li Rui-yan2, Liu Guan-cong1, Qin Yan-guo1   

  1. 1the Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130041, Jilin Province, China; 2the Second Clinical School of Jilin University, Changchun 130041, Jilin Province, China
  • Online:2017-05-28 Published:2017-06-07
  • About author:Liang Hao-jun, the Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130041, Jilin Province, China
  • Supported by:

    the Subject of the Jilin Provincial Professional Innovation Foundation, No. 2016C037; the Science and Technology Development Program of Jilin Province, No. 20150414006GH

     

摘要:

文章快速阅读:

 

 

文题释义:
假体植入物:是骨科临床和基础实验研究中一种替代骨组织的医疗器械,用以填充骨缺损,给宿主骨提供物理支撑;同时通过假体植入物本身的理化特性,或者是其携带的药物,假体植入物还可以促进宿主骨骼的生长。
多孔结构:文中多孔结构主要是指骨科假体植入物物理上的孔隙结构,假体植入物上互相连通的孔,在假体植入物植入宿主体内后,可提供供宿主新生骨长入的空间,使得假体植入物与宿主骨结合更加紧密、牢固。
 
摘要
背景:多孔结构已被证实可以有效提高假体植入物稳定性,而孔的结构设计一直是提高植入物骨整合性的有效手段。
目的:介绍多孔结构设计的研究进展。
方法:以“scaffold,pore size,porosity,osteogenesis”为检索词,在WOS数据库检索2000年1月至2016年4月与假体植入物多孔结构相关的文献。排除与主题——“假体植入物多孔结构”相关性较小、多孔“结构”方面实验结果表述不清,以及与多孔“结构”无关的文章。
结果与结论:①传统假体植入物的稳定性在某些具体情况下不能满足相应要求,而多孔结构的假体植入物可以达到骨性结合的目的,提高稳定性;②孔几何结构的研究是现在的热点,研究人员通过设计多孔支架进行体外与体内实验,研究多孔假体植入物在人体内的植入与整合情况;③研究表明,在满足支架机械支撑等基本条件下,较高的孔隙率、合适的孔径长度、微孔形貌与孔壁微表面结构的存在都可能会刺激骨组织的生长和分化;④但是目前多孔结构植入物及支架材料大多还处于体外实验和动物实验阶段,促进骨生成、骨长入的孔结构仍需进一步研究。

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:人工关节;骨植入物;脊柱骨折;内固定;数字化骨科;组织工程
ORCID:0000-0002-6328-1853(梁豪君)

关键词: 骨科植入物, 人工假体, 假体植入物, 孔径, 孔隙率, 骨整合, 骨性结合, 骨组织工程

Abstract:

BACKGROUND: Porosity has been proven to improve the stability of orthopedic implants, and the architecture of pores is considered as a significant factor to improve the osseointegration of implants.

OBJECTIVE: To introduce the research advance in porous architecture.
METHODS: WOS database was searched for the articles addressing the porous structure of the implants published from January 2000 to April 2016 using the keywords of “scaffold, pore size, porosity, osteogenesis”. The literatures were screened according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) The stability of traditional implants cannot meet the requirements in some specific circumstances, while the implants with porosity can improve the stability due to its osteogenesis ability. (2) Porous structure is a hotspot, and the osseointegration of porous implants in vivo is explored through series of in vitro and in vivo experiments. (3) It has been shown that higher porosity, proper pore size, microporous morphology and microstructure of the pore wall may contribute to the growth and differentiation of bone tissue under enough mechanical support. (4) However, most studies on the porous implants are still on the in vivo and animal experimental stage, and its promoting effects on the osteogenesis and bone in-growth are needed to be investigated in depth. 

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:人工关节;骨植入物;脊柱骨折;内固定;数字化骨科;组织工程

Key words: Prostheses and Implants, Porosity, Osseointegration, Tissue Engineering

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