中国组织工程研究 ›› 2017, Vol. 21 ›› Issue (7): 998-1003.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.2017.07.003

• 人工假体 artificial prosthesis • 上一篇    下一篇

全膝关节置换后局部加压冷疗结合CPM功能锻炼对早期关节功能恢复的影响

王显勋   

  1. 湖北省中山医院骨科,湖北省武汉市 430000
  • 修回日期:2017-01-20 出版日期:2017-03-08 发布日期:2017-04-11
  • 作者简介:王显勋,男,1974年生,湖北省武汉市人,硕士,副主任医师,主要从事关节外科方面的研究。
  • 基金资助:

    湖北省卫生计生委西医类一般项目(WJ2015MB128)

Impact of local compression cryotherapy combined with continuous passive motion on the early functional recovery after total knee arthroplasty  

Wang Xian-xun   

  1. Department of Orthopedics, Zhongshan Hospital of Hubei Province, Wuhan 430000, Hubei Province, China
  • Revised:2017-01-20 Online:2017-03-08 Published:2017-04-11
  • About author:Wang Xian-xun, Master, Associate chief physician, Department of Orthopedics, Zhongshan Hospital of Hubei Province, Wuhan 430000, Hubei Province, China
  • Supported by:

    the General Project in Western Medicine of the Health and Family Planning Commission of Hubei Province, No. WJ2015MB128

摘要:

文章快速阅读:

 
 
文题释义:
CPM机:即持续被动训练机,是通过-5°-115°活动范围的连续匀速被动活动,刺激骨原细胞向关节软骨分化,加速关节软骨以及周围的韧带和肌腱的愈合和再生;CPM引起持续的关节活动,能增加关节液代谢,促进粘连的瘢痕组织松解;CPM还能促进局部血液循环,促进炎性因子吸收,从而发挥镇痛、改善局部营养代谢、促进软骨的修复和愈合作用。有研究发现,全膝关节置换术后使用CPM机训练能增加患者出院时关节活动度。初次全膝关节置换术后早期行CPM锻炼并不增加隐性失血量。
局部加压冷疗:是一种物理止血方法,一方面加压可起到压迫作用,减少局部毛细血管出血;另一方面,冷疗则是通过冰袋冰敷刺激皮肤冷感受器,引起血管收缩,血管通透性下降,减少出血及炎性水肿和渗出,从而减轻局部积血、积液对膝关节腔造成的压力,避免全膝关节置换术后膝关节畸形及功能障碍,还能从一定程度上规避深静脉血栓形成风险。
 
摘要
背景:早期康复训练有利于全膝关节置换后关节功能的恢复;而术后冰敷能部分缓解全膝关节置换后的疼痛,增强早期康复训练的有效性。
目的:探讨局部加压冷疗结合CPM功能锻炼对全膝关节置换后早期功能障碍及关节功能的影响。
方法:选择2013年2月至2015年2月行全膝关节置换治疗的106例患者为研究对象,根据入院时间按照单双号随机分为观察组和对照组,每组53例。对照组术后进行CPM功能锻炼,观察组在术后给予局部加压冷疗结合CPM功能锻炼。比较2组患者膝关节肿胀程度、疼痛目测类比评分、美国特种外科医院膝关节功能评分及临床疗效。
结果与结论:①术后24,48 h,观察组目测类比评分、肿胀值均明显低于对照组(P < 0.01);②术后2周,2组除肌力外,其余均明显改善(P < 0.05-0.01),观察组美国特种外科医院膝关节功能评分系统中疼痛、功能、活动度、稳定性维度和总分均明显高于对照组,减分项目评分明显低于对照组(P < 0.05);③随访6个月,观察组膝关节功能优良率87%明显高于对照组70%(P < 0.05);④结果表明,局部加压冷疗结合CPM功能锻炼有助于缓解全膝关节置换后的早期疼痛及肿胀程度,促进膝关节功能恢复。

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:人工关节;骨植入物;脊柱骨折;内固定;数字化骨科;组织工程

ORCID: 0000-0001-7972-2281(王显勋)

关键词: 骨科植入物, 人工假体, 全膝关节置换, 持续被动运动, 加压冷疗, 膝关节功能

Abstract:

BACKGROUND: Early rehabilitation training is beneficial for the functional recovery after total knee arthroplasty (TKA), and its effectiveness can be enhanced through ice compression that can partly alleviate the postoperative pain.

OBJECTIVE: To explore the effect of local compression cryotherapy combined with continuous passive motion on the early functional recovery after TKA.
METHODS: 106 patients undergoing TKA from February 2013 to February 2015 were enrolled, and randomly divided into observation and control groups (n=53 per group) according to the admission time and simple sampling. The control group was given continuous passive motion, while the observation group was subjected to local compression cryotherapy combined with continuous passive motion. The swelling degree, visual analogue scale scores, hospital for special knee surgery scores, and efficacy were compared between two groups.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) The swelling degree and visual analogue scale scores in the observation group were significantly lower than those in the control group at 24 and 48 hours after surgery (P < 0.01). (2) At 2 weeks after surgery, all indicators except muscle strength were significantly improved in both two groups (P < 0.05-0.01); the pain, function, activity, stability and total scores of hospital for special surgery knee scores in the observation group were significantly higher than those in the control group, and the reduction project scores were significantly lower than those in the control group (P < 0.05). (3) After followed up for 6 months, the excellent rate of knee joint function in the observation group was significantly higher than that in the control group (87% versus 70%, P < 0.05). (4) These results suggest that local compression cryotherapy combined with continuous passive motion can improve early pain and swelling degree, and promote the functional recovery after TKA.

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:人工关节;骨植入物;脊柱骨折;内固定;数字化骨科;组织工程

Key words: Arthroplasty, Replacement, Knee, Prosthesis Implantation, Tissue Engineering

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