中国组织工程研究

中国组织工程研究 ›› 2016, Vol. 20 ›› Issue (5): 754-759.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.2016.05.025

• 动物模型综述 Animal models review • 上一篇    

构建骨质疏松动物模型建模方法的改进及评价

张春丽，李忠海，周 颖，刘 彦，侯树勋   

  1. 解放军总医院第一附属医院骨科，全军骨科研究所，北京市骨科植入医疗器械工程技术研究中心，北京市 100048
  • 收稿日期:2015-12-23 出版日期:2016-01-29 发布日期:2016-01-29
  • 通讯作者: 侯树勋，主任医师，解放军总医院第一附属医院骨科，全军骨科研究所，北京市骨科植入医疗器械工程技术研究中心，北京市 100048 李忠海，博士，主治医师，解放军总医院第一附属医院骨科，全军骨科研究所，北京市骨科植入医疗器械工程技术研究中心，北京市 100048
  • 作者简介:张春丽，女，1977年生，河北省人，汉族，2007年解放军第二军医大学毕业，硕士，主管技师。
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金(NSFC81201380)；中国博士后科学基金特别资助(2015T81101)；北京市自然科学基金(7153174)

Improvement and evaluation of modeling method in animal models of osteoporosis

Zhang Chun-li, Li Zhong-hai, Zhou Ying, Liu Yan, Hou Shu-xun   

  1. Department of Orthopedic Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of General Hospital of PLA, Orthopedic Institute of PLA, Beijing Bone Implantable Medical Devices Engineering Technology Research Center, Beijing 100048, China
  • Received:2015-12-23 Online:2016-01-29 Published:2016-01-29
  • Contact: Hou Shu-xun, Chief physician, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of General Hospital of PLA, Orthopedic Institute of PLA, Beijing Bone Implantable Medical Devices Engineering Technology Research Center, Beijing 100048, China Corresponding author: Li Zhong-hai, M.D., Attending physician, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of General Hospital of PLA, Orthopedic Institute of PLA, Beijing Bone Implantable Medical Devices Engineering Technology Research Center, Beijing 100048, China
  • About author:Zhang Chun-li, Master, Technician-in-charge, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of General Hospital of PLA, Orthopedic Institute of PLA, Beijing Bone Implantable Medical Devices Engineering Technology Research Center, Beijing 100048, China
  • Supported by:

    the National Natural Science Foundation of China, No. 81201380; a Special Financial Grant from China Postdoctoral Science Foundation, No. 2015T81101; the Natural Science Foundation of Beijing City, No. 7153174

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被引次数

10

摘要：

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文题释义：
骨质疏松动物模型：常用来诱发骨质疏松的动物有大鼠、小鼠、兔、狗、猪、羊和非人类灵长类等。骨质疏松动物模型多种多样，各有其特点，实验者多根据研究范围，以去势模型、药物致骨质疏松动物模型、失用性、营养性、脑源性骨质疏松动物模型为主。选择合适的动物模型，使之更贴近临床实际，对临床骨质疏松患者开发更有效的药物及其他方法治疗会有十分重要的作用。

不同建模方法的意义： ①手术去势法建立骨质疏松动物模型，建模因素单一，建模成功率高，可重复性好，可信度大，能够很好地体现雌激素水平下降这一重要生理因素。②营养缺乏性骨质疏松症动物模型的研究对于改善人群饮食结构，平衡膳食，预防骨质疏松，有意义。③脑源性骨质疏松症模型，适合用于骨质疏松症的发生、发展及其机制的研究以及骨质疏松症的预防和治疗的研究。④环磷酰胺骨质疏松症模型，临床广泛用于各种肿瘤和变态反应性疾病的研究中。

 

背景：通过骨质疏松动物模型深入了解骨质疏松症发病机制和发生发展过程，对骨质疏松症的临床诊断和防治都具有重大意义。
目的：归纳和总结骨质疏松症建模方法及研究思路，揭示骨质疏松症动物模型建立的现状和进展，比较各种建模方法的优缺点，为临床研究提供借鉴意义。
方法：应用计算机检索中国生物医学文献数据库、维普中文科技期刊数据库、万方中文数据库和 PubMed数据库，检索时间为 1969年1月至2015年10月，以“动物模型；骨质疏松症”和“animal model；osteoporosis”为检索词，语言分别设定为中文和英文。按纳入和排除标准对文献进行筛选。分别以骨质疏松症建模方法、方法的改进以及各自方法的优缺点等几方面出发进行归纳和总结。
结果与结论：共收集576篇相关文献，排除发表时间较早、重复及类似研究的文献，共纳入53篇符合标准的文献。各种骨质疏松动物模型可能只侧重于表现该疾病的某种病因、某一阶段、某些主要症状及某些病理生理变化，必须根据研究目的，选择合适的造模方法和实验动物。大鼠手术去势法是目前骨质疏松症建模中最常应用的模型。药物法构建骨质疏松症模型以糖皮质激素最常用。失用性法及营养性法应用局限，往往结合去势法或药物法一起使用。转基因、基因突变及脑源性模型的应用效果有待观察。 

关键词: 实验动物, 骨软骨损伤与修复动物模型, 骨质疏松, 建模方法, 去势, 药物性骨质疏松, 失用性骨质疏松, 营养性骨质疏松, 脑源性骨质疏松, 转基因小鼠, 国家自然科学基金

Abstract:

BACKGROUND: Animal models of osteoporosis play an important role in the research of the pathogenesis, occurrence and development of osteoporosis, as well as in the clinical diagnosis, prevention and treatment of osteoporosis.  
OBJECTIVE: To summarize and discuss the establishment and research ideas of osteoporosis models, explore the current situation and advance of osteoporosis models, compare the advantages and disadvantages of various methods, and provide evidence for clinical investigation.
METHODS: A computer-based online search was conducted in SinoMed, VIP, Wanfang and PubMed databases by using the key words of “animal model, osteoporosis” from January 1969 to October 2015. The language was limited to both Chinese and English. Relevant articles were screened according to inclusion and exclusion criteria. The documents about the methods of osteoporosis model preparation, method improvement as well as their advantage and disadvantage were summarized.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: A total of 576 articles were included. Among them, articles published earlier, duplicated, and similarly were excluded, and 53 articles were finally included. Various animal models of osteoporosis may only focus on the certain causes, certain stage, some of the main symptoms and some pathophysiological changes of disease. Accordingly, appropriate modeling methods and experimental animals should be selected based on research objective. Rat undergoing castration is the most commonly used model in the modeling of osteoporosis. Among drug methods for constructing osteoporosis model, glucocorticoids is the most commonly used one. Disuse method and nutritional method have limitations, and always combined with castration and drug methods. The effects of gene transfer, gene mutation and brain-derived model deserve further investigation.