中国组织工程研究 ›› 2026, Vol. 30 ›› Issue (29): 7654-7662.doi: 10.12307/2026.225
• 组织构建综述 tissue construction review • 上一篇 下一篇
郭姗姗1,马 丁2,董炳辰2
收稿日期:2025-09-02
修回日期:2025-11-20
出版日期:2026-10-18
发布日期:2026-03-06
通讯作者:
董炳辰,硕士,主治医师,西安市第九医院骨科,陕西省西安市 710054
作者简介:郭姗姗,女,1990年生,博士,助理研究员,主要从事生理与病理机制研究。
基金资助:Guo Shanshan1, Ma Ding2, Dong Bingchen2
Received:2025-09-02
Revised:2025-11-20
Online:2026-10-18
Published:2026-03-06
Contact:
Dong Bingchen, MS, Attending physician, Department of Orthopedics, Xi’an No. 9 Hospital, Xi’an 710054, Shaanxi Province, China
About author:Guo Shanshan, PhD, Assistant Researcher, Central Laboratory & Translational Medicine Center, Shaanxi Provincial People’s Hospital, Xi’an 710068, Shaanxi Province, China
Supported by:摘要:
文题释义:
软骨细胞代谢重编程:是指骨关节炎软骨细胞为适应病理微环境(如缺氧、炎症、高糖)而发生的系统性代谢表型改变,其核心是能量代谢从氧化磷酸化向糖酵解的转换(即“Warburg效应”)。骨关节炎软骨细胞中糖酵解速率显著提高导致乳酸过量堆积,直接激活疼痛相关离子通道,同时线粒体功能障碍致使活性氧水平升高,进而激活核因子κB/丝裂原活化蛋白激酶信号通路,促使基质降解酶表达上调,并伴随色氨酸代谢紊乱及脂肪酸氧化异常,共同驱动软骨退变和疾病进展。
骨关节炎代谢靶向治疗:是指基于骨关节炎的代谢病因学,通过药物再定位、开发新药或生物技术手段选择性调控关键代谢节点,以延缓或逆转疾病进展的治疗策略。骨关节炎代谢靶向治疗核心是从“对症镇痛”转向“对因治疗”,代表疾病修饰药物开发的新方向。
背景:代谢异常在骨关节炎发生发展中的核心作用长期被忽视。近年研究发现,肥胖、糖尿病等代谢综合征与骨关节炎进展密切相关,但其通过分子网络驱动关节退变的机制尚未系统阐明。
目的:系统梳理骨关节炎代谢异常的病理机制研究进展,整合多组学证据解析代谢-关节轴的调控网络,为临床防治提供新视角。
方法:以中文关键词“骨关节炎,代谢异常,脂肪因子,糖酵解,线粒体功能障碍,代谢组学,磁共振成像”检索中国知网、万方数据库;以英文关键词“osteoarthritis,metabolic dysregulation,adipokine,glycolysis,mitochondrial dysfunction,metabolomics,MRI”检索PubMed、Web of Science数据库。通过标题/摘要筛选及全文评估,最终纳入108篇文献进行综述分析。
结果与结论:①流行病学研究证实代谢综合征(肥胖、糖尿病、血脂异常)与骨关节炎风险呈正相关,体质量指数每增加1 kg/m2,膝骨关节炎风险升高15%,非负重关节受累佐证代谢因子的独立致病作用;②代谢因子网络失衡驱动骨关节炎进展:肥胖致瘦素/脂联素比值异常(瘦素升高3.2倍,脂联素降低40%),通过激活基质金属蛋白酶13(升高2.1倍)和抑制组织金属蛋白酶抑制因子2加速软骨降解;③细胞内代谢重编程特征显著:骨关节炎软骨细胞呈现糖酵解亢进、线粒体功能障碍、脂滴沉积(游离脂肪酸升高1.8倍)三联征;④代谢-炎症正反馈环路:脂肪组织释放白细胞介素1β/肿瘤坏死因子α激活关节核因子κB通路,后者抑制胰岛素受体信号加剧代谢紊乱;⑤临床转化路径:血清脂联素联合关节液乳酸可预测骨关节炎进展;建议代谢综合征患者早期应用单磷酸腺苷激活的蛋白激酶激动剂并联合肌肉训练与营养干预。
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1089-5798 (郭姗姗)
中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:干细胞;骨髓干细胞;造血干细胞;脂肪干细胞;肿瘤干细胞;胚胎干细胞;脐带脐血干细胞;干细胞诱导;干细胞分化;组织工程
中图分类号:
郭姗姗, 马 丁, 董炳辰. 代谢异常与骨关节炎的关联机制及代谢靶向治疗[J]. 中国组织工程研究, 2026, 30(29): 7654-7662.
Guo Shanshan, Ma Ding, Dong Bingchen. Metabolic dysregulation in osteoarthritis: mechanisms and targeted therapeutic strategies[J]. Chinese Journal of Tissue Engineering Research, 2026, 30(29): 7654-7662.





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1.1.6 检索策略 以PubMed数据库为例,检索策略见图1。
1.1.7 检索文献量 英文文献3 298篇、中文文献89篇。
1.2 纳入与排除标准
纳入标准:①探讨骨关节炎与代谢异常(肥胖/糖尿病/血脂异常)关联机制的研究;②包含分子机制、动物模型或临床干预数据;③明确描述代谢指标(如脂肪因子、代谢通路活性);④文章描述代谢异常;⑤文章描述骨关节炎及相关治疗手段。
排除标准:①重复的文章;②未能找到相应全文;③非重点研究骨关节炎的文章;④非重点研究代谢异常的文章;⑤未详细描述代谢异常与骨关节炎关联机制的文章;⑥非重点研究骨关节炎及相关治疗的文章。
1.3 数据提取 共检索得到文献 3 387篇,包括英文文献3 298篇、中文文献89篇。根据上述的纳入及排除标准筛选文献,并排除与研究内容相关性差、质量不高和重复的文献3 279篇,符合标准的文献共108篇,其中中文文献2篇、英文文献106篇。文献筛选流程图见图2。
近年研究彻底重塑了对骨关节炎的认知:从传统“机械磨损”模型转向“代谢炎症性疾病”范式。代谢综合征(肥胖、糖尿病等)通过脂肪因子紊乱、晚期糖基化终产物积累及氧化应激,构成独特的“代谢性骨关节炎”亚型,其特征是全身低度炎症加速软骨降解。治疗策略从“症状缓解”迈向“代谢精准干预”:二甲双胍、司美格鲁肽及靶向纳米药物已在临床前与真实世界研究中证实潜力。未来需通过多组学技术定义骨关节炎代谢类型,推动药物再定位与个体化治疗。
中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:干细胞;骨髓干细胞;造血干细胞;脂肪干细胞;肿瘤干细胞;胚胎干细胞;脐带脐血干细胞;干细胞诱导;干细胞分化;组织工程
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