中国组织工程研究 ›› 2023, Vol. 27 ›› Issue (5): 663-668.doi: 10.12307/2023.119

• 肌肉肌腱韧带组织构建 tissue construction of the muscle, tendon and ligament • 上一篇    下一篇

前交叉韧带损伤伴发内侧半月板后根撕裂:解剖学的危险因素分析

刘广銮1,郭宗磊1,戈  进1,黄  栋1,王业华1,2   

  1. 1徐州医科大学,江苏省徐州市  221000;2徐州医科大学附属医院骨科,江苏省徐州市  221000
  • 收稿日期:2022-04-03 接受日期:2022-05-17 出版日期:2023-02-18 发布日期:2022-07-22
  • 通讯作者: 王业华,博士,主任医师,徐州医科大学附属医院骨科,江苏省徐州市 221000
  • 作者简介:刘广銮,男,1996年生,安徽省宿州市人,汉族,徐州医科大学在读硕士,医师,主要从事骨外科学研究。

Anatomic risk factors for medial meniscus posterior root tears combined with anterior cruciate ligament injuries

Liu Guangluan1, Guo Zonglei1, Ge Jin1, Huang Dong1, Wang Yehua1, 2   

  1. 1Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221000, Jiangsu Province, China; 2Department of Orthopedics, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221000, Jiangsu Province, China
  • Received:2022-04-03 Accepted:2022-05-17 Online:2023-02-18 Published:2022-07-22
  • Contact: Wang Yehua, MD, Chief physician, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221000, Jiangsu Province, China; Department of Orthopedics, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221000, Jiangsu Province, China
  • About author:Liu Guangluan, Master candidate, Physician, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221000, Jiangsu Province, China

摘要:

文题释义:
内侧半月板后根撕裂:是指发生在膝关节内侧半月板后角根部骨性附着区域1 cm范围内的撕脱性损伤或放射状撕裂,这种损伤在生物力学上与全半月板切除术相当,导致环应力受损,进而损伤软骨,是早期膝关节骨关节炎发生和进展的重要原因之一。
内侧半月板后倾角:内侧半月板前后角最高点的切线与垂直于胫骨纵轴的直线的夹角,在维持膝关节的稳定中起重要作用。

背景:多项研究表明胫骨平台后倾角增大是前交叉韧带损伤的重要危险因素,可能会促使内侧半月板后根撕裂的发生,但目前关于半月板损伤解剖危险因素的研究较少。
目的:在前交叉韧带损伤的情况下探讨内侧半月板后根撕裂的胫骨近端解剖学危险因素,提高临床医生对特定前交叉韧带损伤人群的警惕性。
方法:回顾性分析徐州医科大学附属医院骨科2018年1月至2021年12月连续收治的107例诊断为前交叉韧带损伤患者的临床资料,将临床及影像诊断前交叉韧带损伤伴发内侧半月板后根撕裂的51例患者纳入观察组;单纯前交叉韧带损伤的56例患者纳入对照组,在术前MRI上以设盲方式测量比较两组内外侧胫骨平台后倾角及半月板后倾角、外侧/内侧胫骨平台后倾角差值和半月板后倾角差值、内侧胫骨平台深度。
结果与结论:①两组患者的外侧胫骨平台后倾角、外侧半月板后倾角以及外侧/内侧胫骨平台后倾角的不对称性、内侧胫骨平台深度比较差异无显著性意义 (P > 0.05);观察组患者的内侧胫骨平台后倾角、内侧半月板后倾角及外侧/内侧半月板后倾角不对称性均大于对照组(P < 0.05);②多因素Logistic回归分析显示,内侧胫骨平台后倾角是前交叉韧带损伤伴发内侧半月板后根撕裂的独立危险因素(P < 0.05);③ROC曲线显示内侧胫骨平台后倾角对前交叉韧带损伤伴发内侧半月板后根撕裂有一定的预测价值;④结论:内侧胫骨平台后倾角增大、内侧半月板后倾角增大及外侧/内侧半月板后倾角不对称性增大是前交叉韧带损伤伴发内侧半月板后根撕裂的重要危险因素。该研究为诊断伴发的内侧半月板后根撕裂提供了重要信息,从而避免漏诊;且为临床上考虑尽早进行韧带修复以降低半月板撕裂的风险提供了理论依据。

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0888-3472(刘广銮)

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:组织构建;骨细胞;软骨细胞;细胞培养;成纤维细胞;血管内皮细胞;骨质疏松;组织工程

关键词: 前交叉韧带损伤, 内侧半月板后根撕裂, MRI成像, 解剖危险因素, 内侧胫骨平台后倾角, 内侧半月板后倾角, 外侧/内侧后倾角差值, 内侧胫骨平台深度

Abstract: BACKGROUND: Numerous studies have shown that the increased posterior inclination of the tibial plateau is an important risk factor for anterior cruciate ligament injury, which may promote the occurrence of medial meniscus posterior root tear. However, there are few studies on the anatomical risk factors of meniscus injury.
OBJECTIVE: To compare the anatomic risk factors for medial meniscus posterior root tear at the proximal tibia in the case of anterior cruciate ligament injury and to improve the vigilance of clinicians to specific patients with anterior cruciate ligament injury.
METHODS: Clinical data of 107 patients with anterior cruciate ligament injury who were admitted to the Department of Orthopedics of Xuzhou Medical University Hospital from January 2018 to December 2021 were retrospectively analyzed. They were divided into two groups according to whether there was medial meniscus posterior root tear confirmed by clinical and imaging diagnosis. Fifty-one patients with anterior cruciate ligament injury combined with medial meniscus posterior root tear were included in observation group, while fifty-six patients with simple anterior cruciate ligament injury were included in control group. Preoperative MRI was used to measure the medial and lateral posterior tibial slope (MPTS, LPTS), the medial and lateral posterior meniscal slope (MMS, LMS), the difference between the MPTS and LPTS (Δ-TS) and between the MMS and LMS (Δ-MS), and the medial tibial plateau depth (MTPD) of the two groups in a blind way.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: There was no significant difference between the two groups in LPTS, LMS, Δ-TS, and MTPD (P > 0.05). The MTPS, MMS and Δ-MS in the observation group were significantly higher than those in the control group (P < 0.05). Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that the MPTS was an independent risk factor for anterior cruciate ligament injury with medial meniscus posterior root tear (P < 0.05). Receiver operating characteristic curve showed that the MPTS had a certain predictive value for anterior cruciate ligament injury with medial meniscus posterior root tear. All the results indicate that increased MPTS, increased MMS, and increased asymmetry of Δ-MS are important risk factors for anterior cruciate ligament injury with medial meniscus posterior root tear. This study provides important information for the diagnosis of medial meniscus posterior root tear, thus avoiding missed diagnosis and providing a theoretical basis for early ligament repair to reduce the risk of meniscus tear in clinical practice.

Key words: anterior cruciate ligament injury, medial meniscus posterior root tear, magnetic resonance imaging, anatomic risk factors, medial posterior tibial slope, medial posterior meniscal slope, posterior tibial delta-slope, medial tibial plateau depth

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