中国组织工程研究 ›› 2020, Vol. 24 ›› Issue (18): 2855-2860.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.2640

• 骨科植入物Orthopedic implants • 上一篇    下一篇

新型定位装置在股骨颈骨折空心螺钉内固定中的辅助定位

杜刚强1,蒋昇源1,付  冠2,李  朋1,姜建浩1,张  锴1,贾  龙1,宫智浩1,宋凯凯1,杨淑野1   

  1. 滨州医学院附属医院,1创伤骨科,2康复科,山东省滨州市  256603

  • 收稿日期:2019-09-17 修回日期:2019-09-18 接受日期:2019-11-15 出版日期:2020-06-28 发布日期:2020-04-03
  • 通讯作者: 杨淑野,博士,副主任医师,滨州医学院附属医院创伤骨科,山东省滨州市 256603
  • 作者简介:杜刚强,男,1987年生,山东省乐陵市人,汉族,2014年滨州医学院毕业,硕士,主治医师,主要从事创伤骨科研究。 共同第一作者:蒋昇源,男,1993年生,山东省龙口市人,汉族,滨州医学院在读硕士,主要从事创伤骨科研究。
  • 基金资助:
    山东省自然科学基金(联合项目)(ZR2015HL026);山东省医药卫生科技发展计划项目(2017WS229);山东省医药卫生科技发展计划项目(2016WS0023)

Auxiliary positioning of a new positioning device in internal fixation of femoral neck fracture with cannulated screws

Du Gangqiang1, Jiang Shengyuan1, Fu Guan2, Li Peng1, Jiang Jianhao1, Zhang Kai1, Jia Long1, Gong Zhihao1, Song Kaikai1, Yang Shuye1   

  1. 1Department of Traumatic Orthopedics, 2Department of Rehabilitation, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou 256603, Shandong Province, China
  • Received:2019-09-17 Revised:2019-09-18 Accepted:2019-11-15 Online:2020-06-28 Published:2020-04-03
  • Contact: Yang Shuye, MD, Associate chief physician, Department of Traumatic Orthopedics, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou 256603, Shandong Province, China
  • About author:Du Gangqiang, Master, Attending physician, Department of Traumatic Orthopedics, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou 256603, Shandong Province, China Jiang Shengyuan, Master candidate, Department of Traumatic Orthopedics, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou 256603, Shandong Province, China Du Gangqiang and Jiang Shengyuan contributed equally to this work.
  • Supported by:
    the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Joint Project), No. ZR2015HL026; the Medical and Health Technology Development Project of Shandong Province, No. 2017WS229 and 2016WS0023

摘要:

文题释义:

股骨颈骨折:多见于中老年人,青壮年可因高暴力损伤引起该类型骨折。骨折后患者髋部疼痛、肿胀,大转子处可有压痛及叩击痛,下肢存在短缩、内收、外旋等畸形。影像学检查可清晰地显示骨折的部位、类型及移位程度。

克氏针定位装置:该辅助定位装置适用于股骨颈骨折闭合复位空心螺钉内固定,与传统徒手操作相比,具有定位效率高、透视次数少、手术时间短、患者创伤小等优点;与骨科机器人、计算机导航系统等辅助定位装置相比,精确度有待提高,较适用于广大基层医院。

背景:目前骨科机器人、计算机导航系统等智能定位装置在股骨颈骨折闭合复位手术过程中的应用逐步开展,但基层医院仍需一种廉价的辅助定位装置。

目的:探讨一种股骨颈克氏针定位装置在股骨颈骨折空心螺钉内固定过程中辅助定位的效果。

方法:回顾性分析2016年2月至2018年3月滨州医学院附属医院收治的54例股骨颈骨折患者的临床资料,根据有无辅助定位装置分为2组,徒手定位组28例患者行传统徒手定位空心钉内固定;辅助定位组26例患者术中应用克氏针定位装置,定位针角度、方向、距离均可量化微调,辅助定位,引导置入空心螺钉。比较2组患者临床与影像资料。

结果与结论:①所有患者手术顺利,未发生血管、神经损伤等术中并发症;术后影像显示骨折复位良好,空心螺钉分布、角度、位置良好;②辅助复位组手术时间(49.27±4.86) min小于徒手定位组(59.64±8.02) min,差异有显著性意义(P < 0.01);辅助定位组透视次数明显少于徒手定位组,差异有显著性意义(P < 0.01);③2组随访时间、骨折愈合时间、末次随访Harris功能评分差异均无显著性意义(P > 0.05);辅助定位组Harris评分优良率为89%;④2组患者随访期间无股骨头坏死发生,晚期坏死率待随访;⑤提示克氏针定位装置在股骨颈骨折空心螺钉内固定过程中,可辅助定位,引导置入空心螺钉,能有效提高定位效率,减少透视次数,避免反复调整穿针对股骨颈骨质的损伤,促进患者恢复。

ORCID: 0000-0002-4576-3306(杜刚强)

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:人工关节;骨植入物;脊柱骨折;内固定;数字化骨科;组织工程

关键词: 辅助定位, 股骨颈骨折, 克氏针, 定位装置, 内固定

Abstract:

BACKGROUND: At present, the application of intelligent positioning devices such as orthopedic robots and computer navigation systems in closed reduction surgery for femoral neck fractures is gradually developed, and grassroots hospitals still need a cheap auxiliary positioning device.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effect of a Kirschner wire positioning device for assisted localization in internal fixation of femoral neck fracture with cannulated screws.

METHODS: Fifty-four cases of femoral neck fracture treated in Binzhou Medical University Hospital from February 2016 to March 2018 were retrospectively analyzed. The patients were allocated into the two groups, 28 patients who received traditional cannulated screws internal fixation were in the traditional group, and 26 patients who received assisted localization internal fixation with cannulated screws were in the assisted localization group. The angle, direction and distance of the Kirschner wire could be quantified and fine-tuned, assisted with accurate positioning, and the placement of the cannulated screws was guided. Clinical and imaging data were compared between two groups.

RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) All patients received surgery successfully. No intraoperative complications such as vascular or nerve injury occurred. Postoperative image showed good fracture reduction, cannulated screw distribution, angle and position. (2) The operation time in the assisted localization group (49.27±4.86) minutes was shorter than that in the traditional group (59.64±8.02) minutes (P < 0.01). The number of fluoroscopy in the assisted localization group was significantly lower than that in the traditional group (P < 0.01). (3) There was no significant difference between two groups in the follow-up time, fracture healing time and Harris score at the last follow-up (P > 0.05). The excellent and good rate of Harris score in the assisted localization group was 89%. (4) No necrosis of femoral head occurred during the follow-up, and the rate of late necrosis should be followed up. (5) Our findings suggest that Kirschner wire positioning device can assist in quantitative positioning and guide the placement of cannulated screw in the internal fixation of femoral neck fracture. It can effectively improve the positioning efficiency, reduce the number of fluoroscopy, avoid repeatedly adjusting the penetration to damage femoral neck bone, and promote the recovery of patients.

Key words: auxiliary positioning, femoral neck fracture, Kirschner wire, positioning device, internal fixation

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