中国组织工程研究 ›› 2016, Vol. 20 ›› Issue (44): 6673-6681.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.2016.44.020

• 骨与关节综述 bone and joint review • 上一篇    下一篇

骨微结构与微损伤检测方法的研究与进展

许 灿,李明清,王成功,李康华,刘 华   

  1. 中南大学湘雅医院骨科,湖南省长沙市   410008
  • 修回日期:2016-08-10 出版日期:2016-10-28 发布日期:2016-10-28
  • 通讯作者: 刘华,博士,副主任医师,中南大学湘雅医院骨科,湖南省长沙市 410008
  • 作者简介:许灿,男,1985年生,湖南省岳阳市人,汉族,博士,主治医师,主要从事足踝畸形与创伤研究。
  • 基金资助:

    国家自然科学基金(81301543)

Research progress of bone microarchitecture and microdamage detection

Xu Can, Li Ming-qing, Wang Cheng-gong, Li Kang-hua, Liu Hua   

  1. Department of Orthopedics, Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha 410008, Hunan Province, China
  • Revised:2016-08-10 Online:2016-10-28 Published:2016-10-28
  • Contact: Liu Hua, M.D., Associate chief physician, Department of Orthopedics, Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha 410008, Hunan Province, China
  • About author:Xu Can, M.D., Attending physician, Department of Orthopedics, Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha 410008, Hunan Province, China
  • Supported by:

    the National Natural Science Foundation of China, No. 81301543

摘要:

文章快速阅读:

 

 

文题释义:
骨微损伤:是指骨因“疲劳”而导致的骨显微结构的改变。材料学上的“疲劳”现象是指材料在低于断裂强度的较小应力/应变周期性作用下,材料中会萌生微观裂纹并逐渐扩展,当损伤积累到一定程度时就会最终导致材料的整体失效。骨组织在日常的生理负荷周期性作用下会萌生两种常见的骨微损伤:“线性”和“弥散性”微损伤。
骨微损伤检测方法:目前检测骨微损伤最常用的方法是碱性品红骨大块染色法,该方法能够快速有效的检测和评估线性和弥散性微损伤。随着各种高分辨检测设备的进步,micro-CT和激光共聚焦显微镜能在微米层级对骨微结构以及微损伤的三维形态进行分析,而扫描电镜则能够在纳米层级检测微损伤的细节,但无法观察微损伤的整体形貌。
 
摘要
背景:骨质疏松所致的骨脆性增加和骨质量下降越来越受到人们的重视。骨微结构和微损伤是影响骨质量的重要因素,其检测技术和设备的发展经历了比较长的历史进程。
目的:简述骨微结构和骨微损伤的基本概念,归纳总结骨微结构和微损伤检测技术的研究进展。
方法:检索Pubmed数据库和中国知识资源总库(CNKI)系列数据库1990年1月至2016年6月收录的骨微结构和微损伤相关综述和论文报告,检索词为骨微损伤(bone microdamage)、骨微结构(bone microarchitecture)和检测(detect/detective/detecting),最终纳入65篇文献进行分析。
结果与结论:①碱性品红骨大块染色能够快速有效的检测和评估线性和弥散性微损伤,micro-CT和激光共聚焦显微镜能在微米层级对骨微结构以及微损伤的三维形态进行分析,而扫描电镜则能够在纳米层级观察骨微损伤的形貌细节,但无法整体观察微损伤;②应当根据实验需要灵活使用各种方法,以获得骨微结构和微损伤的各种相关信息,最终有助于在不同层级上理解骨微结构和微损伤对骨质量的影响。

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:人工关节;骨植入物;脊柱骨折;内固定;数字化骨科;组织工程

ORCID:
0000-0003-3878-3963(许灿)

关键词: 骨科植入物, 骨植入物, 骨微结构, 骨微损伤, 检测方法, 国家自然科学基金

Abstract:

BACKGROUND: Bone fragility and poor bone quality due to osteoporosis are a major and increasing concern. Bone microarchitecture and microdamage, the important factors of bone quality, their detection technology and instrument have experienced a long development process.

OBJECTIVE: To give a brief introduction of the concept of the bone microarchitecture and microdamage, then to summarize the research progress of their detective methods.
METHODS: PubMed and CNKI databases were retrieved for reviews and articles related to bone microarchitecture and microdamage published from January 1990 to June 2016 using the keywords of “bone microarchitecture, bone microdamage and detect/detective/detecting” in Chinese and English, respectively. Finally a total of 65 articles were selected for overview.
RESULTS AND CONCLUISON: (1) Bulk staining is a quick and useful way to confirm and assess linear microcracks and diffuse damage. Micro-CT and confocal microscopy allow visualization at the micron scale, and are useful tools to understand the three-dimentional nature of bone microdamage. Scanning electron microscope lacks the ability to investigate large regions of microdamage, but allows users to probe in extensive details at the nano scale. (2) Ultimately, we recommend the use of multiple imaging modalities according to the experimental needs to obtain useful information about bone quality and microdamage formation, across the scales of hierarchy in bone.

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:人工关节;骨植入物;脊柱骨折;内固定;数字化骨科;组织工程

Key words: Osteoporosis, Fractures, Bone, Bone Density, Tissue Engineering

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