中国组织工程研究 ›› 2016, Vol. 20 ›› Issue (44): 6577-6582.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.2016.44.006

• 脊柱植入物 spinal implant • 上一篇    下一篇

逆行交锁髓内钉与微创内固定钢板修复股骨远端骨折的生物力学性能比较

张慧东,王井伟,白 净   

  1. 唐山市工人医院骨二科,河北省唐山市 063000
  • 修回日期:2016-08-01 出版日期:2016-10-28 发布日期:2016-10-28
  • 作者简介:张慧东,男,1970年生,汉族,河北省卢龙县人,2004年解放军第四军医大学毕业,主治医师,主要从事骨外科研究。

Biomechanical properties of retrograde interlocking intramedullary nail versus less invasive stabilization system plate in the repair of distal femoral fractures

Zhang Hui-dong, Wang Jing-wei, Bai Jing   

  1. Second Department of Orthopedics, Tangshan Gongren Hospital, Tangshan 063000, Hebei Province, China
  • Revised:2016-08-01 Online:2016-10-28 Published:2016-10-28
  • About author:Zhang Hui-dong, Attending physician, Second Department of Orthopedics, Tangshan Gongren Hospital, Tangshan 063000, Hebei Province, China

摘要:

文章快速阅读:

 

 

文题释义:
微创内固定系统(LISS)钢板:集带锁髓内钉及生物学接骨板的优点为一体,可通过小切口安放于骨表面对骨折进行锁定,对关节周围或关节内不稳定骨折的固定效果理想,1999年由国际内固定协会AO/ASIF推荐使用。LISS钢板适用于股骨远端和胫骨近端粉碎性骨折的固定,尤其对骨质疏松患者和假体周围骨折的固定优势明显。
逆行交锁髓内钉:属于中心型固定,比侧方钢板接近下肢力线,符合生理应力的传导及股骨的生物力学特征,应力遮挡小,且不破坏骨折端附近的血运;扩髓后置入髓内钉和骨的接触点增加,可加强骨折固定的稳定性;扩髓导致髓腔扩大,可置入直径较大的髓内钉,进而达到坚强固定;同时扩髓时的碎骨屑具有自体植骨效应,更加有利于骨折的愈合。
 
摘要
背景:目前股骨远端骨折多采用微创内固定系统(LISS)钢板或逆行交锁髓内钉内固定治疗,但两种方法的选择尚有争议,且对其生物力学性能研究尚少。
目的:比较逆行交锁髓内钉与LISS钢板置入内固定修复股骨远端骨折的生物力学稳定性。
方法:取12根尸体股骨标本,均为男性,X射线摄片排除损伤、骨密度异常及骨病标本。随机分成2组,制成相同标准AO分型A3型髁上骨折模型,分别用LISS钢板和逆行交锁髓内钉内固定。观察股骨标本承受轴向压缩时的抗压刚度和载荷100,300,500 N下的位移值,以及标本承受弯曲载荷时的抗弯强度。
结果与结论:①在抵抗轴向变形能力(抗压刚度)方面,LISS钢板大于逆行交锁髓内钉(P < 0.05);在抵抗弯曲变形能力(抗弯强度)方面,逆行交锁髓内钉大于LISS钢板,但差异无显著性意义(P > 0.05);②在100,300,500 N轴向压缩载荷作用下,LISS钢板组的位移均小于逆行交锁髓内钉组(P < 0.05);③生物力学测试结果显示,内固定物置入修复股骨远端骨折时,逆行交锁髓内钉的刚度较低。LISS钢板既具有一定的变形性,使应力能够通过骨传导,又具有较强的刚度,且内固定牢固,可为骨折愈合提供优良的生物学环境,是修复股骨远端骨折的可靠选择。

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:人工关节;骨植入物;脊柱骨折;内固定;数字化骨科;组织工程

ORCID:
0000-0002-9846-5740(张慧东)

关键词: 骨科植入物, 骨植入物, 股骨远端骨折, 逆行交锁髓内钉, LISS钢板, 内固定, 生物力学

Abstract:

BACKGROUND: Distal femoral fractures are mainly treated with less invasive stabilization system (LISS) plate or retrograde interlocking intramedullary nail fixation, but choosing which method is controversial, and studies on their biomechanical properties are few.

OBJECTIVE: To compare the biomechanical stability of retrograde interlocking intramedullary nail and LISS plate fixation in the treatment of distal femoral fractures.
METHODS: Twelve male cadaveric femurs were collected, and the injured, with abnormal bone density and osteonosus specimens were excluded through X-ray examination, followed by randomly divided into two groups. Models of AO type A3 supracondylar fracture were prepared, and were fixed with LISS plate and retrograde interlocking intramedullary nail, respectively. The compressive stiffness and displacement values under axial compression and loading of 100, 300 and 500 N, as well as the bending strength of the specimens under bending load were observed.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) The resistance to axial deformation capacity (compressive stiffness) of the LISS plate was superior to the retrograde interlocking intramedullary nail (P < 0.05); while the resistance to bending deformation capacity (flexural strength) of the retrograde interlocking intramedullary nail was not significantly greater than that of the LISS plate (P > 0.05). (2) Under axial compressive loading of 100, 300 and 500 N, the displacement values of LISS plate were significantly less than those of the retrograde interlocking intramedullary nail (P < 0.05). (3) In conclusion, in the distal femoral fracture fixation, the stiffness of the retrograde interlocking intramedullary nail is low. While the LISS plate not only has certain deformation, but also has strong rigidity with firm internal fixation, which provides excellent biological environment for fracture healing; thus it is a reliable treatment for distal femoral fractures.

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:人工关节;骨植入物;脊柱骨折;内固定;数字化骨科;组织工程

Key words: Femoral Fractures, Internal Fixators, Biomechanics, Tissue Engineering

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