中国组织工程研究 ›› 2016, Vol. 20 ›› Issue (13): 1829-1837.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.2016.13.001

• 人工假体 artificial prosthesis •    下一篇

单侧与同期双侧膝关节置换的安全性、经济性及成效性对比

刘元昆,尹宗生   

  1. 安徽医科大学第一附属医院关节与骨肿瘤外科,安徽省合肥市  230022
  • 收稿日期:2016-02-22 出版日期:2016-03-25 发布日期:2016-03-25
  • 通讯作者: 尹宗生,主任医师,教授,博士生导师,安徽医科大学第一附属医院关节与骨肿瘤外科,安徽省合肥市 230022
  • 作者简介:刘元昆,男,1991年生,汉族,安徽医科大学在读硕士,主要从事人工关节置换方面的研究。

Safety, economy and effects of unilateral and simultaneous bilateral knee arthroplasty

Liu Yuan-kun, Yin Zong-sheng   

  1. Department of Joint and Bone Tumor Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230022, Anhui Province, China
  • Received:2016-02-22 Online:2016-03-25 Published:2016-03-25
  • Contact: Yin Zong-sheng, Chief physician, Professor, Doctoral supervisor, Department of Joint and Bone Tumor Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230022, Anhui Province, China
  • About author:Liu Yuan-kun, Studying for master’s degree, Department of Joint and Bone Tumor Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230022, Anhui Province, China

摘要:

文章快速阅读:

文题释义:

同期双侧膝关节置换:双侧膝关节均存在置换适应证的患者在一次手术中完成双侧病变膝关节的置换。与此种置换方式对应的为单侧置换,即一次手术只进行一侧关节的置换,两侧关节置换分2次完成。同期双侧置换可使患者通过一次手术即彻底地消除疼痛和畸形,达到完全的功能重建,但同时会不可避免地带来手术风险的增长。其所带来的收益提高与风险增加的权衡一直是置换前决策中需要重点考虑的问题。目前仍无确切证据表明双侧膝关节置换更宜于同期进行。
术后30 d再入院率:术后30 d是身体从应激恢复常态的较为敏感的时段,是各种手术并发症发生的高峰期,因此术后30 d再入院率是反映手术质量与安全的重要指标,美国的NSQIP数据库很早就将其纳入考核指标。

 

背景:由于行膝关节置换的患者多为双侧病变,在采取双侧膝关节同期置换还是单侧置换上一直存在着争议,争论的焦点是双侧同期置换是否可在保证不增加手术风险的前提下使修复效果得到确实的提升,对于此问题人们一直没有形成共识。
目的:从安全性、经济性、成效性3个角度对同期双侧与单侧全膝关节置换进行对比分析。
方法:选择安徽医科大学第一附属医院关节与骨肿瘤外科于2011年4月至2014年4月收治的因重度双侧膝骨关节炎行全膝关节置换的患者118例,根据置换方案分为2组,同期双侧置换组47例,单侧置换组71例。设定反映安全性、经济性、成效性的指标进行归集,最终通过对比、评价得出结论。
结果与结论:同期双侧置换组与单侧置换组在安全性方面差异无显著性意义(P > 0.05),但在经济性、成效性上,同期双侧置换组显著优于单侧置换组(P < 0.05)。提示在同一严格的手术管理条件下,以及患者耐受的情况下,更倾向于行同期双侧全膝关节置换。但对置换前合并心血管疾病者,行同期双侧全膝关节置换要持慎重态度。置换前合并糖尿病者,要注意置换后感染的监控。 

ORCID: 0000-0002-7634-7444(刘元昆)

关键词: 骨科植入物, 人工假体, 关节成形术, 同期双侧, 经济性, 安全性, 成效性, 对比研究

Abstract:

BACKGROUND: Patients with knee arthroplasty mostly had bilateral lesions. It is still controversial to perform simultaneous bilateral surgery or unilateral arthroplasty. The focus of controversy is that bilateral arthroplasty of the same period can get a real upgrade of the repair effect if it does not increase the risk of surgery. There have always existed controversies.
OBJECTIVE: To comparatively analyze simultaneous bilateral and unilateral arthroplasty from aspects of safety, economy and effects.
METHODS: 118 patients suffering from severe bilateral knee osteoarthritis and treated by total knee arthroplasty in the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University from April 2011 to April 2014 were divided into simultaneous bilateral arthroplasty group (n=47) and unilateral arthroplasty group (n=71). Variables reflecting safety, economy and effects were set up and data were collected and analyzed.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: There was no evident difference in safety between simultaneous bilateral arthroplasty and unilateral arthroplasty groups (P > 0.05). In economy and effect, simultaneous bilateral arthroplasty group was significantly better than unilateral arthroplasty group (P < 0.05). These results suggest that with the same surgical management level, if the patient could resist, simultaneous bilateral surgery should be more welcomed, while performing simultaneous bilateral surgery in patients with preoperative cardiovascular diseases should be decided carefully. Patients with diabetes mellitus preoperatively should be guarded against postoperative infection.