中国组织工程研究 ›› 2020, Vol. 24 ›› Issue (30): 4769-4774.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.2831

• 骨与关节生物力学 bone and joint biomechanics • 上一篇    下一篇

夹板弹性固定桡骨远端FrykmanⅧ型骨折尺侧柱稳定性的有限元分析

李永耀1,赵  勇1,程  灏1,徐惠青1,魏  戌1,刘广伟2,成永忠1,崔  鑫1   

  1. 1中国中医科学院望京医院,北京市  100102;2中医正骨技术北京市重点实验室,北京市  100700
  • 收稿日期:2020-01-18 修回日期:2020-01-20 接受日期:2020-03-03 出版日期:2020-10-28 发布日期:2020-09-18
  • 通讯作者: 程灏,主任医师,硕士生导师,中国中医科学院望京医院创伤一科,北京市 100102
  • 作者简介:李永耀,男,1981年生,辽宁省东港市人,汉族,医学博士,副主任医师,主要从事骨折与软组织损伤的临床与基础研究。
  • 基金资助:
    中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项资金资助项目(ZZ11-084);北京市自然科学基金面上项目(7172243)

Finite element analysis of intervention of splint to ulnar column in the treatment of type Frykman VIII fracture of distal radius

Li Yongyao1, Zhao Yong1, Cheng Hao1, Xu Huiqing1, Wei Xu1, Liu Guangwei2, Cheng Yongzhong1, Cui Xin1   

  1. 1Wangjing Hospital of China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100102, China; 2Beijing Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100700, China
  • Received:2020-01-18 Revised:2020-01-20 Accepted:2020-03-03 Online:2020-10-28 Published:2020-09-18
  • Contact: Cheng Hao, Chief physician, Master’s supervisor, Wangjing Hospital of China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100102, China
  • About author:Li Yongyao, MD, Associate chief physician, Wangjing Hospital of China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100102, China
  • Supported by:
    the Special Fund for Basic Scientific Research Business Fees of Central-Level Public Welfare Scientific Research Institutes, No. ZZ11-084; the Natural Science Foundation of Beijing, No. 7172243

摘要:

文题释义:

桡骨远端FrykmanⅧ型骨折桡骨远端骨折Frykman分型由Frykman1967年提出,其中桡骨远端FrykmanⅧ型骨折是指关节内骨折波及桡腕关节和下尺桡关节,同时合并尺骨远端骨折(影像学上多表现为尺骨茎突骨折),尺骨茎突发生骨折后必然合并有附着的韧带或三角纤维软骨复合体损伤,后者在维持下尺桡关节稳定性方面具有关键性作用。

有限元分析法:是借助电子计算机进行运算的数值计算方法,将待分析的连续性实体离散成为有限个单元,以各单元的结合体替代原连续体并逐个研究各单元的力学性质。它具有一些实验研究方法所不能比拟的优点,能够通过模拟分析的方法设定特殊工况,得到客观实体实验法所难以得到的研究结果,近年来其在骨科研究领域发展迅速,研究成果给临床治疗带来了积极意义。

背景:在桡骨远端骨折合并尺骨茎突骨折的临床治疗中发现,接受手法复位夹板固定治疗后出现尺侧柱并发症的比例小于接受单纯行桡骨远端切开复位内固定治疗。作者认为这与夹板在治疗周期中视腕关节为一个整体并能够提供尺侧柱的相对稳定性,能够重建腕关节三柱的稳定有关。

目的通过有限元分析法探讨夹板对桡骨远端FrykmanⅧ型骨折尺侧柱干预的生物力学机制。

方法基于一健康志愿者的前臂及手部CT图像建立正常腕关节三维有限元基础模型,通过有限元相关软件分网、切割造模建立桡骨远端FrykmanⅧ型骨折合并尺骨茎突Ⅰ型和Ⅱ型骨折2种有限元模型,以此为基础延伸建立出夹板及桡骨远端钢板固定的4种腕关节骨折有限元模型。分析各模型在轴向压缩、横向拉伸、旋前和旋后种工况下,下尺桡关节的应力分布及相对位移变化、尺骨茎突骨折端位移变化及方向。

结果与结论:①在横向拉伸、旋前及旋后工况下,夹板干预后桡骨远端FrykmanⅧ型骨折合并尺骨茎突Ⅰ型骨折模型的尺月韧带、尺三角韧带、掌背侧尺桡韧带应力值均小于钢板干预的相对应骨折模型;②在旋前及旋后工况下,夹板干预桡骨远端FrykmanⅧ型骨折合并尺骨茎突Ⅰ型及Ⅱ型骨折模型的下尺桡关节相对位移值均小于钢板干预的相对应骨折模型;③在横向拉伸、旋前及旋后工况下,夹板干预桡骨远端FrykmanⅧ型骨折合并尺骨茎突Ⅰ型及Ⅱ型骨折模型的尺骨茎突骨折端位移值小于钢板干预的相对应骨折模型;④结果表明,桡骨远端FrykmanⅧ型骨折后下尺桡关节的稳定性变差,其中发生尺骨茎突Ⅱ型骨折时更为明显;在此类骨折的治疗中与单纯行桡骨远端骨折内固定相比较,夹板作为弹性固定在治疗周期中视腕关节为一个整体并能够提供尺侧柱的相对稳定性,藉此进一步揭示了夹板弹性固定的优势。

ORCID: 0000-0001-7298-6727(李永耀)

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:人工关节;骨植入物;脊柱;骨折;内固定;数字化骨科;组织工程

关键词: 夹板, 钢板内固定, 桡骨远端骨折, FrykmanⅧ型, 尺侧柱, 有限元分析

Abstract:

BACKGROUND: Through clinical research, we found that in the treatment of distal radius fracture combined with ulnar styloid process fracture, the proportion of complications of ulnar column after manual reduction and splint fixation was smaller than that of patients who only received open reduction and internal fixation of distal radius. We deemed that the wrist joint was treated as a whole in the treatment cycle, the splint as elastic fixation could provide the relative stability of the ulnar column and reconstruct the stability of the three columns of the wrist.

OBJECTIVE: To explore the biomechanical mechanism of splint intervention on the ulnar column after type Frykman VIII fracture of the distal radius by finite element analysis.

METHODS: A three-dimensional finite element model of normal wrist joint was established based on the forearm and wrist CT images of a healthy volunteer. Two kinds of finite element models of type Frykman VIII fracture of the distal radius with ulnar styloid type I and type II fractures were established by using finite element software to divide the mesh, cut and mold. On this basis, four wrist joint finite element models with splint fixation and steel plate fixation for type Frykman VIII fracture of the distal radius were established. Under axial compression, lateral extension, pronation and supination working conditions, stress distribution and relative displacement of the distal radioulnar joint, displacement and direction of the ulnar styloid fracture broken end were analyzed.  

RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) The stress values of the ulnolunate ligament, ulnotriquetral ligament, and the palmar dorsal radioulnar ligament in the model of type Frykman VIII fracture of the distal radius with ulnar styloid type I fracture after splint intervention were lower than those in the model after plate intervention in the lateral tension, pronation and supination conditions. (2) In the pronation and supination conditions, the relative displacement values of the distal radioulnar joints in type Frykman VIII fracture of the distal radius models with ulnar styloid type I and type II fractures after splint intervention were smaller than those in the models after plate intervention. (3) In the lateral tension, pronation and supination conditions, the relative displacement values of the ulnar styloid fracture broken end in type Frykman VIII fracture of the distal radius models with ulnar styloid type I and type II fractures after splint intervention were smaller than those in the models after plate intervention. (4) The finite element study shows that distal radioulnar joint stability becomes worse after type Frykman VIII fracture of the distal radius, which is more obvious in the model with ulnar styloid type II fracture. In the treatment of this kind of fracture, compared with the simple internal fixation of distal radius fracture, the splint as elastic fixation takes the wrist joint as a whole in the treatment cycle and provides the relative stability of the ulnar column, thus further revealing the advantages of the splint elastic fixation.

Key words: splint, steel plate fixation, distal radius fracture, type Frykman VIII, ulnar column, finite element analysis

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