中国组织工程研究 ›› 2020, Vol. 24 ›› Issue (27): 4285-4290.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.2792

• 骨与关节生物力学 bone and joint biomechanics • 上一篇    下一篇

双节段、单节段去松质骨截骨与全脊柱截骨强直性脊柱后凸矫形策略的有限元分析

段延辑1,陈  晓1,周永强1,黄  凯1,沈东兰1,马  原2   

  1. 1内江市第一人民医院骨科,四川省内江市  641000;2新疆医科大学第六附属医院脊柱外科,新疆维吾尔自治区乌鲁木齐市  813002

  • 收稿日期:2019-12-20 修回日期:2019-12-25 接受日期:2020-02-14 出版日期:2020-09-28 发布日期:2020-09-05
  • 通讯作者: 马原,副教授,博士生导师,新疆医科大学第六附属医院脊柱外科,新疆维吾尔自治区乌鲁木齐市 813002
  • 作者简介:段延辑,男,1991年生,四川省内江市人,汉族,硕士,医师,主要从事脊柱外科方面的研究。
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金(81360280)

Finite element analysis of double-segment and single-segment vertebral column decancellation and vertebral column resection osteotomy for ankylotic kyphosis

Duan Yanji1, Chen Xiao1, Zhou Yongqiang1, Huang Kai1, Shen Donglan1, Ma Yuan2   

  1. 1Department of Orthopedics, First People’s Hospital of Neijiang, Neijiang 641000, Sichuan Province, China; 2Department of Spine Surgery, Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi 813002, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, China

  • Received:2019-12-20 Revised:2019-12-25 Accepted:2020-02-14 Online:2020-09-28 Published:2020-09-05
  • Contact: Ma Yuan, Associate professor, Doctoral supervisor, Department of Spine Surgery, Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi 813002, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, China
  • About author:Duan Yanji, Master, Physician, Department of Orthopedics, First People’s Hospital of Neijiang, Neijiang 641000, Sichuan Province, China
  • Supported by:

    the National Natural Science Foundation of China, No. 81360280

摘要:

文题释义:

全脊椎截骨:即全椎体切除,是截骨矫形中的常用截骨矫形方式,切除截骨节段的整个椎体,相关数据显示该技术可以很好地纠正骨盆倾斜与脊柱冠状面及矢状面畸形,但是手术并发症较多,包括脊髓损伤、胸腔积液、肺部感染及伤口深部感染等严重并发症,同时出血量较大,与手术时间和患者体质量相关。

去松质骨截骨:由301医院的王岩首次提出,具体切除范围包括椎体后方椎板、上下关节突及棘突,对椎体行横Y形截骨,闭合椎体后方并张开前方截骨面。

背景:单节段与双节段的截骨手术常用于治疗强直性脊柱后凸畸形,但制定术前策略时对截骨节段、截骨方式的选择常依赖临床经验。目前国内外对双节段去松质骨截骨及全脊柱截骨的生物力学研究鲜有报道。

目的:建立强直性脊柱后凸的单节段、双节段截骨模型,针对全脊柱位移、内固定系统应力、截骨接触面等效应力强度等方面进行比较与探讨。

方法通过MIMICSGeomagic studio等医学软件建立强直性脊柱后凸畸形全脊柱截骨与去松质骨截骨两种模型,每种模型中再分为单节段截骨与双节段截骨,即L1单节段全脊柱截骨模型、L1单节段去松质骨截骨模型、L2单节段全脊柱截骨模型、L2单节段去松质骨截骨模型、T12L2双节段全脊柱截骨模型、T12L2双节段去松质骨截骨模型、T12L3双节段全脊柱截骨模型、T12L3双节段去松质骨截骨模型8组。导入ANASYS软件对模型进行加载,记录不同截骨工况下的全脊柱位移,以及椎弓根螺钉、连接棒、截骨接触面的等效应力云图。

结果与结论:①无论是去松质骨截骨还是全脊柱截骨模型,单节段截骨的全脊柱位移小于双节段截骨;无论是单节段截骨还是双节段截骨模型,全脊柱截骨的全脊柱位移小于去松质骨截骨;L2单节段全脊柱截骨模型的位移最小;②无论是去松质骨截骨还是全脊柱截骨模型,单节段截骨的内固定装置等效应力均小于双节段截骨;无论是单节段截骨还是双节段截骨模型,全脊柱截骨的内固定装置等效应力均小于去松质骨截骨;其中L1单节段全脊柱截骨的内固定装置等效应力最小;③所有单节段截骨模型的截骨接触面等效应力值均较小,未超过28 MPa;在双节段截骨模型中,全脊柱截骨的截骨接触面等效应力值均小于去松质骨截骨;④结果表明,单节段截骨的生物力学稳定性优于双节段截骨,全脊柱截骨的稳定性优于去松质骨截骨。

ORCID: 0000-0002-7114-3696(段延辑)

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:人工关节;骨植入物;脊柱;骨折;内固定;数字化骨科;组织工程

关键词: 生物力学, 去松质骨截骨, 强直性脊柱后凸, 有限元分析, 内固定, 截骨接触面, 等效应力, 双节段截骨, 截骨节段

Abstract:

BACKGROUND: Single-segment and double-segment osteotomies are often used to treat ankylotic kyphosis. However, the selection of preoperative strategies, especially for segmental and osteotomy methods, often depends on clinical experience. At present; there are few reports on the biomechanics of double-segment vertebral column decancellation and vertebral column resection osteotomy.

OBJECTIVE: To establish a two-segment osteotomy model for ankylotic kyphosis, and to compare and discuss the total displacement of the spine, stress analysis of the internal fixation system, and equivalent stress intensity of the osteotomy contact surface.

METHODS: MIMICS software and Geomagic studio software were used to establish two kinds of models of ankylotic kyphosis with vertebral column resection osteotomy and vertebral column decancellation. Each kind of model was divided into single-segment osteotomy and double-segment osteotomy, i.e., L1 single-segment vertebral column resection osteotomy model, L1 single-segment decancellated osteotomy model, L2 single-segment vertebral column resection osteotomy model, L2 single-segment vertebral column decancellation model, T12L2 double-segment vertebral column resection osteotomy model, T12L2 double-segment vertebral column decancellation model, T12L3 double-segment vertebral column resection osteotomy model, and T12L3 double-segment vertebral column decancellation model. ANASYS software was imported to load model. The whole spine displacement, pedicle screw, connecting rod, and bone interface equivalent stress nephogram were recorded under different conditions of osteotomy.

RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) Whether it was vertebral column decancellation or vertebral column resection osteotomy model, the total spinal displacement of single-segment osteotomy was less than that of double-segment osteotomy. The displacement of vertebral column resection osteotomy was less than that of vertebral column decancellation in both single- and double-segment osteotomy models. L2 single-segment vertebral column resection osteotomy model had minimal displacement. (2) Whether it was vertebral column decancellation or vertebral column resection osteotomy model, equivalent stress of the single-segment osteotomy was less than that of the double-segment osteotomy. The equivalent stress of the internal fixation device of the vertebral column resection osteotomy was less than that of vertebral column decancellation in both single- and double-segment osteotomy models. The equivalent stress of the internal fixation device of the L1 single-segment vertebral column resection osteotomy was smallest. (3) The equivalent stress of the osteotomy contact surface of all single-segment osteotomy models was smaller than 28 MPa. In the two-segment osteotomy model, the equivalent stress of the osteotomy contact surface of the vertebral column resection osteotomy was less than that of vertebral column decancellation. (4) These results suggest that the biomechanical stability of the single-segment osteotomy model was better than that of the double-segment osteotomy model. The stability of vertebral column resection osteotomy was better than that of vertebral column decancellation. 

Key words: biomechanics, vertebral column decancellation, ankylotic kyphosis, finite element analysis, internal fixation, osteotomy contact surface, equivalent stress, double-segment osteotomy, osteotomy segment

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