中国组织工程研究 ›› 2020, Vol. 24 ›› Issue (12): 1847-1852.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.2519

• 骨科植入物 orthopedic implant • 上一篇    下一篇

侧卧位牵引架闭合复位髓内钉固定治疗股骨干骨折

袁  野,黄文良,徐  林,阮世强,王世强   

  1. 遵义医科大学第三附属医院创伤骨科,贵州省遵义市  563000
  • 收稿日期:2019-08-10 修回日期:2019-08-14 接受日期:2019-10-09 出版日期:2020-04-28 发布日期:2020-03-01
  • 通讯作者: 黄文良,硕士,副主任医师,遵义医科大学第三附属医院创伤骨科,贵州省遵义市 563000
  • 作者简介:袁野,男,1984年生,2008年遵义医学院(遵义医科大学)毕业,主治医师,主要从事四肢骨折的微创治疗及骨盆骨折的微创及手术治疗。

Treatment of femoral shaft fracture with lateral traction frame closed reduction and intramedullary nail fixation

Yuan Ye, Huang Wenliang, Xu Lin, Ruan Shiqiang, Wang Shiqiang   

  1. Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563000, Guizhou Province, China
  • Received:2019-08-10 Revised:2019-08-14 Accepted:2019-10-09 Online:2020-04-28 Published:2020-03-01
  • Contact: Huang Wenliang, Master, Associate chief physician, Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563000, Guizhou Province, China
  • About author:Yuan Ye, Attending physician, Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563000, Guizhou Province, China

摘要:

文题释义:
闭合复位髓内钉固定:因闭合复位髓内钉术手术创伤小,能间接复位保护骨折端血运,术后伤口并发症较少,生物力学性能优越,已成为长骨干骨折的首选方法。
侧卧位与仰卧位牵引架牵引:术中通过充分对抗肌肉对抗力后,仰卧位对骨折端前后移位不好控制或纠正;侧卧位更方便纠正断端移位,且减少髋部软组织对手术操作的干扰。

背景:目前临床上对于股骨干骨折髓内钉治疗的闭合复位方式研究相对较少。

目的:探讨侧卧位应用牵引架闭合复位髓内钉固定治疗股骨干骨折的效果。

方法:遵义医科大学第三附属医院创伤骨科2015年1月至2018年10月通过髓内钉固定治疗股骨干骨折54例,随机分为3组,其中仰卧位牵引架组17例,侧卧位人工牵引组17例,侧卧位牵引架组20例。所有患者对治疗方案均知情同意,且得到医院伦理委员会批准。比较3组患者的闭合复位成功率、手术时间、术中出血量、骨折愈合时间及术后 6个月膝关节美国特种外科医院评分。

结果与结论:①3组患者获得6-15个月随访;②骨折闭合复位成功率:侧卧位牵引架组100%,侧卧位人工牵引组82%,仰卧位牵引架组59%,仰卧位牵引架组同侧卧位人工牵引组差异无显著性意义(P > 0.05),侧卧位牵引架组显著高于仰卧位牵引架组(P=0.002),侧卧位牵引架组同侧卧位人工牵引组差异无显著性意义(P > 0.05);③手术时间:仰卧位牵引架组同侧卧位人工牵引组比较差异无显著性意义(P > 0.05),侧卧位牵引架组的手术时间显著短于仰卧位牵引架组及侧卧位人工牵引组(P < 0.05);④术中出血量:仰卧位牵引架组的术中失血量显著高于侧卧位人工牵引组(P=0.02)及侧卧位牵引架组(P=0.001),侧卧位人工牵引组同侧卧位牵引架组差异无显著性意义(P > 0.05);⑤骨折愈合时间:仰卧位牵引架组骨折愈合时间显著长于侧卧位人工牵引组(P=0.030)及侧卧位牵引架组(P < 0.001),侧卧位人工牵引组同侧卧位牵引架组差异无显著性意义(P > 0.05);⑥3组患者术后6个月膝关节美国特种外科医院评分差异无显著性意义(P > 0.05);⑦结果表明,应用侧卧位牵引架闭合复位髓内钉固定治疗股骨干骨折具有复位成功率高、手术时间较短、术中出血更少、骨折愈合快的优点,值得临床推广应用。

ORCID: 0000-0002-4621-2653(袁野)

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:人工关节;骨植入物;脊柱骨折;内固定;数字化骨科;组织工程

关键词: 侧卧位, 牵引架, 闭合复位, 股骨干骨折, 髓内钉

Abstract:

BACKGROUND: At present, there are relatively few studies on the closed reduction of intramedullary nail treatment for femoral shaft fractures.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effect of closed reduction and intramedullary nailing in the treatment of femoral shaft fractures in the lateral position.

METHODS: From January 2015 to October 2018, 54 patients with femoral shaft fractures were treated with intramedullary nailing at Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University. The patients were randomly assigned to three groups, including 17 cases in the supine mechanical traction group, 17 cases in the lateral artificial traction group, and 20 cases in the lateral mechanical traction group. All patients signed the informed consent. This study was approved by the Hospital Ethics Committee. Closed reduction success rate, operation time, intraoperative blood loss, fracture healing time, and hospital for special surgery knee score at 6 months after surgery were compared in the three groups.

RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) All patients were followed up for 6 to 15 months. (2) The success rate of fracture closure was 100% in the lateral mechanical traction group, 82% in the lateral artificial traction group, and 59% in the supine mechanical traction group. There was no significant difference between supine mechanical traction group and lateral artificial traction group (P > 0.05). The success rate was significantly higher in the lateral mechanical traction group than in the supine mechanical traction group (P=0.002). There was no significant difference between the lateral mechanical traction group and the lateral artificial traction group (P > 0.05). (3) No significant difference was found in operation time between the supine mechanical traction group and the lateral artificial traction group (P > 0.05). The operation time was significantly shorter in the lateral mechanical traction group than in the supine mechanical traction group and lateral artificial traction group (P < 0.05). (4) Intraoperative blood loss was significantly more in the supine mechanical traction group than in the lateral artificial traction group (P=0.02) and lateral mechanical traction group (P=0.001). No significant difference was determined in intraoperative blood loss between the lateral artificial traction group and lateral mechanical traction group (P > 0.05). (5) Fracture healing time was significantly longer in the supine mechanical traction group than in the lateral artificial traction group (P=0.030) and lateral mechanical traction group (P < 0.001). There was no significant difference in fracture healing time between the lateral artificial traction group and the lateral mechanical traction group (P > 0.05). (6) No significant difference in hospital for special surgery knee score at 6 months after surgery was detected among the three groups (P > 0.05). (7) These results suggested that application of lateral recumbent traction frame closure and intramedullary nailing for the treatment of femoral shaft fractures has the advantages of high success rate, short operation time, less intraoperative blood loss and short fracture healing time. It is worthy of clinical application.

Key words:

lateral position, traction, closed reduction, femoral shaft fracture, intramedullary nail

 

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