中国组织工程研究 ›› 2020, Vol. 24 ›› Issue (10): 1484-1490.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.2248

• 组织工程骨及软骨材料 tissue-engineered bone and cartilage materials • 上一篇    下一篇

椎体成形与弯角椎体成形治疗骨质疏松性椎体压缩骨折:骨水泥注射后分布与渗漏率的比较

李凡杰,杜怡斌,刘艺明,张之栋,李  键,马  力,李  春,程永红   

  1. 安徽医科大学第三附属医院脊柱外科,安徽省合肥市  230061
  • 收稿日期:2019-07-15 修回日期:2019-07-17 接受日期:2019-09-02 出版日期:2020-04-08 发布日期:2020-02-14
  • 通讯作者: 杜怡斌,主任医师,安徽医科大学第三附属医院脊柱外科,安徽省合肥市 230061
  • 作者简介:李凡杰,男,1997年生,安徽省马鞍山市人,汉族,安徽医科大学在读硕士,医师,主要从事脊柱骨折、脊髓损伤研究。

Comparison of percutaneous vertebroplasty and percutaneous curved vertebroplasty for osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures: distribution and leakage rate of injected bone cement 

Li Fanjie, Du Yibin, Liu Yiming, Zhang Zhidong, Li Jian, Ma Li, Li Chun, Cheng Yonghong   

  1. Department of Spine Surgery, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230061, Anhui Province, China
  • Received:2019-07-15 Revised:2019-07-17 Accepted:2019-09-02 Online:2020-04-08 Published:2020-02-14
  • Contact: Du Yibin, Chief physician, Department of Spine Surgery, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230061, Anhui Province, China
  • About author:Li Fanjie, Master candidate, Physician, Department of Spine Surgery, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230061, Anhui Province, China

摘要:

文题释义:
椎体成形:临床全称为经皮穿刺椎体成形,属于微创手术,是通过向病变椎体内注入骨水泥(聚丙烯酸甲酯A)或人工骨达到强化椎体的技术。
弯角椎体成形术:在体成形术式的基础上,在患者背部做一约2 mm的切口,利用镍钛合金超高弹性的特性和聚醚醚酮较好的机械强度,将输送套管头端由平直状改为弯角形变支点,在X射线监护下经皮肤穿刺进入椎体建立工作通道,将骨水泥或人工骨注入椎体内的改良术式。

背景:弯角椎体成形为椎体成形的改良术式,其最大的特点是能使骨水泥对称均匀分布,平衡椎体两侧强度,理论上能保证骨水泥在椎体内的均匀分布,解决传统经皮椎体成形单点、单次注射骨水泥分布不均导致骨折区疼痛缓解效果不佳的问题。

目的:对比椎体成形与弯角椎体成形行骨水泥注射治疗骨质疏松性椎体压缩骨折的临床疗效,探讨弯角椎体成形在临床应用中的价值。

方法:选择2017至2018年安徽医科大学第三附属医院收治的单椎体骨质疏松性椎体压缩骨折患者70例,随机分2组:椎体成形组(n=35)进行椎体成形聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯骨水泥注射治疗,弯角椎体成形组(n=35)进行弯角椎体成形聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯骨水泥注射治疗,观察两组骨水泥分布与渗漏情况;术前、术后1 d进行目测类比评分与Oswestry功能障碍指数评估;术后随访1年,观察伤椎椎体前缘高度恢复情况与邻近椎体骨折发生的情况。试验获得安徽医科大学医科大学第三附属医院伦理委员会批准。

结果与结论:①与椎体成形组比较,弯角椎体成形组骨水泥分布较均匀、较满意(P < 0.05),骨水泥渗漏率较低(P < 0.05);②两组术后1 d的目测类比评分与Oswestry功能障碍指数均较术前明显改善(P < 0.05),且弯角椎体成形组术后1 d的Oswestry功能障碍指数改善优于椎体成形组(P < 0.05);③两组术后1年的伤椎椎体前缘高度均较术前明显改善(P < 0.05),两组间比较差异无显著性意义(P > 0.05);④两组邻近椎体骨折发生率比较差异无显著性意义(P > 0.05);⑤结果表明与椎体成形治疗比较,弯角椎体成形行骨水泥注射治疗骨质疏松性椎体压缩骨折可降低骨水泥的渗漏率,提高患者生活质量。

ORCID: 0000-0002-3230-7133(李凡杰)

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:生物材料;骨生物材料; 口腔生物材料; 纳米材料; 缓释材料; 材料相容性;组织工程


关键词: 骨水泥, 骨质疏松性骨折, 脊柱骨折, 椎体成形术, 弯角椎体成形术, 椎体高度, 目测类比评分, 功能障碍指数

Abstract:

BACKGROUND: Percutaneous curved vertebroplasty is a modified surgical method of percutaneous vertebroplasty; the most prominent feature of which is that it can make the bone cement distributed symmetrically and balance the strength on both sides of the vertebral body. In theory, it can ensure the distribution of bone cement in the vertebral body, and solve the problem that the uneven distribution of bone cement in the traditional percutaneous vertebroplasty and single injection leads to poor pain relief effect in the fracture area.

OBJECTIVE: To compare the clinical efficacy of percutaneous curved vertebroplasty and percutaneous vertebroplasty bone cement injection in the treatment of osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures, and to discuss the value of percutaneous curved vertebroplasty in clinical application.

METHODS: Seventy patients with single vertebral osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures from the Third Affiliated Hospital of AnHui Medical University between 2017 and 2018 were selected. The patients were randomly divided into two groups. Percutaneous curved vertebroplasty group (n=35) received treatment with percutaneous curved vertebroplasty. Percutaneous vertebroplasty group (n=35) received treatment with percutaneous vertebroplasty. Distribution and leakage of bone cement were observed in the two groups. Visual analogue scale score and Oswestry disability index were assessed preoperatively and 1 day postoperatively. Postoperative follow-up was conducted for 1 year to observe the recovery of the height of the anterior edge of the injured vertebra and the occurrence of adjacent vertebral fractures. The trial was approved by the Ethics Committee of the Third Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University.

RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) Compared with the percutaneous vertebroplasty group, the distribution of bone cement was more uniform and satisfactory (P < 0.05), and the leakage rate of bone cement was lower in the percutaneous curved vertebroplasty group (P < 0.05). (2) Both the visual analogue scale score and Oswestry disability index of the two groups at 1 day after surgery were significantly improved compared with those before surgery (P < 0.05). The improvement of Oswestry disability index of the percutaneous curved vertebroplasty group was better than that of the percutaneous vertebroplasty group (P < 0.05). (3) The height of the anterior edge of the injured vertebral body of the two groups improved significantly one year after surgery compared with that before surgery (P < 0.05), and there was no significant difference between the two groups (P > 0.05). (4) There was no significant difference in the incidence of adjacent vertebral fractures between the two groups (P > 0.05). (5) The results showed that compared with the treatment of percutaneous vertebroplasty, the treatment of osteoporotic vertebral body compression fractures by percutaneous curved vertebroplasty can reduce the rate of bone cement leakage and improve the quality of life of patients. 

Key words: bone cement, osteoporotic fracture, spinal fracture, vertebroplasty, percutaneous curved vertebroplasty, vertebral height, visual analogue scale score, Oswestry disability index

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