中国组织工程研究

中国组织工程研究 ›› 2020, Vol. 24 ›› Issue (31): 5064-5070.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.2132

• 干细胞综述 stem cell review • 上一篇    下一篇

影响骨髓间充质干细胞成骨能力的相关物理因素及机制

崔鑫涛，张震宇   

  1. 哈尔滨医科大学附属第一医院，黑龙江省哈尔滨市  150001
  • 收稿日期:2019-11-15 修回日期:2019-11-22 接受日期:2020-01-04 出版日期:2020-11-08 发布日期:2020-09-05
  • 通讯作者: 张震宇，博士，主任医师，教授，硕士生导师，哈尔滨医科大学附属第一医院，黑龙江省哈尔滨市 150001
  • 作者简介:崔鑫涛，男，1994年生，河北省霸州市人，汉族，在读硕士，主要从事骨替代材料的临床研究

Physical factors and mechanisms affecting osteogenic ability of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells

Cui Xintao, Zhang Zhenyu   

  1. First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150001, Heilongjiang Province, China
  • Received:2019-11-15 Revised:2019-11-22 Accepted:2020-01-04 Online:2020-11-08 Published:2020-09-05
  • Contact: Zhang Zhenyu, MD, Chief physician, Professor, Master’s supervisor, First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150001, Heilongjiang Province, China
  • About author:Cui Xintao, Master candidate, First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150001, Heilongjiang Province, China

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摘要：

文题释义：

骨髓间充质干细胞成骨分化：骨髓间充质干细胞既往称为骨髓基质成纤维细胞，是一类起源于中胚层的成体干细胞，具有自我更新及多向分化潜能，可分化为多种间质组织，在特定条件下可促进干细胞向成骨分化、诱导骨细胞增殖进而促进骨形成。

信号转导通路：在细胞中各种信号转导分子相互识别、相互作用，将信号进行转换和传递，构成信号转导通路。当外界环境变化时，单细胞生物可以直接做出反应，多细胞生物则通过复杂的信号传递系统来传递信息，从而调控机体活动。

背景：促进干细胞向成骨分化、诱导骨细胞增殖进而促进骨形成，被认为是治疗骨性疾病的重要研究方向，大量研究集中在寻找促进骨髓间充质干细胞成骨分化的诱导因素上，探讨骨髓间充质干细胞定向增殖和成骨分化的最佳诱导条件受到了越来越多研究者的关注。

目的：综述并讨论相关物理因素对骨髓间充质干细胞增殖及定向成骨分化的影响及可能涉及的信号转导通路作用机制。

方法：检索万方、中国期刊全文数据库(CNKI)、PubMed、GeenMedical等数据库2000年6月至2019年11月期间关于影响骨髓间充质干细胞成骨分化相关物理因素的文章，检索词为“骨髓间充质干细胞，成骨，分化”“bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells，osteogenesis differentiation”，排除陈旧以及重复的观点，将检索到的文献进行整理，纳入72篇文献进行分析。

结果与结论：相关力学因素(如压应力、剪切应力、牵张应力、微重力、低频震动)及电磁场、超声波、电刺激、冷刺激等对骨髓间充质干细胞增殖及成骨能力均有一定的影响，并通过相关的因子及信号通路实现，但其作用受移植部位微环境差异的影响，并且某些物理因素还具有双重作用。在未来，寻找不同微环境下对骨髓间充质干细胞具有最佳诱导作用的影响因素以及这些因素发生作用的机制，将对干细胞的应用及组织工程的发展起到巨大的推动作用。

ORCID: 0000-0003-4885-0920(张震宇)

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点：干细胞；骨髓干细胞；造血干细胞；脂肪干细胞；肿瘤干细胞；胚胎干细胞；脐带脐血干细胞；干细胞诱导；干细胞分化；组织工程

关键词: 骨髓间充质干细胞, 成骨能力,  物理因素,  力学因素,  干细胞,  通路

Abstract:

BACKGROUND: To accelerate osteogenic differentiation, induce cell proliferation and in turn promote bone formation is considered to be an important research direction in the treatment of osseous diseases. Numerous studies have focused on looking for inducing factors that promote the osteogenic differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells. To investigate the optimal conditions for inducing proliferation and osteogenic differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells has been an increasing concern.

OBJECTIVE: To review and discuss the effects of physical factors related to the proliferation and osteogenic differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells and the possible mechanisms of signal transduction pathways.

METHODS: To search for articles on physical factors affecting osteogenic differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell in WanFang, CNKI, PubMed, GeenMedical from June 2000 to November 2019, the search terms were “bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells, osteogenesis, differentiation” in Chinese and English, respectively. The old and repeated viewpoints were excluded, and finally 72 literatures were used for analysis.

RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Relevant mechanical factors (such as compressive stress, shear stress, stretch stress, microgravity, low-frequency vibration), electromagnetic field, ultrasonic wave, electrical stimulation, and cold stimulation, have certain effects on the proliferation and osteogenic ability of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells, which are realized through relevant factors and signaling pathways. However, their effects are influenced by the microenvironment of the transplant site, and some physical factors show a dual effect. Future investigation on the influencing factors with the optimal induction of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells under different microenvironments as well as the mechanism of these factors will greatly promote the application of stem cells and the development of tissue engineering.

Key words: bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells,  osteogenesis ability,  physical factors,  mechanical factors,  stem cells,  pathway 

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