中国组织工程研究 ›› 2020, Vol. 24 ›› Issue (13): 2039-2046.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.2032

• 骨髓干细胞 bone marrow stem cells • 上一篇    下一篇

未羧化骨钙素对高糖条件下小鼠骨髓间充质干细胞成骨与成脂分化的调控效应

刘中胜,杨建虹   

  1. 中国科学院大学医学院,北京市  101400
  • 收稿日期:2019-07-11 修回日期:2019-07-13 接受日期:2019-07-31 出版日期:2020-05-08 发布日期:2020-03-07
  • 通讯作者: 杨建虹,博士,教授,中国科学院大学医学院,北京市 101400
  • 作者简介:刘中胜,男,1990年生,河北省沧州市人,汉族,2016年唐山师范学院毕业,主要从事细胞生物学研究。
  • 基金资助:
    中国科学院知识创新计划(KSCX2-EW-J-29和Y129015EA2);中国科学院大学生命科学学院(KJRH2015-006)

Regulatory effect of uncarboxylated osteocalcin on osteogenic and adipogenic differentiation of mouse bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells under high-glucose conditions

Liu Zhongsheng, Yang Jianhong   

  1. Medical School, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 101400, China
  • Received:2019-07-11 Revised:2019-07-13 Accepted:2019-07-31 Online:2020-05-08 Published:2020-03-07
  • Contact: Yang Jianhong, PhD, Professor, Medical School, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 101400, China
  • About author:Liu Zhongsheng, Medical School, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 101400, China
  • Supported by:
    the Knowledge Innovation Program of Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. KSCX2-EW-J-29 and Y129015EA2; the College of Life Sciences of University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. KJRH2015-006

摘要:

文题释义:

未羧化骨钙素:由成骨细胞分泌的一种含量丰富的非胶原蛋白,在骨矿化过程中起到重要作用。近几年研究表明未羧化骨钙素可作为激素调节糖脂代谢,对胰岛素抵抗具有缓解作用;作为糖尿病和骨骼疾病之间相互关联的一个重要因子,可显著改善2型糖尿病小鼠的葡萄糖耐量和胰岛素敏感性。

骨髓间充质干细胞:存在于骨髓中的一类可以自主更新且具有多向分化潜能的多能干细胞。作为脂肪细胞和成骨细胞的前体细胞,其分化方向直接影响骨髓内成分的相对含量以及骨组织的结构。糖尿病性骨质疏松患者的骨髓间充质干细胞受高糖的影响,偏向于向脂肪细胞分化,最终导致成骨细胞含量偏低,骨组织缺失。

背景:寻找高糖条件下促进骨髓间充质干细胞成骨分化而抑制其成脂分化的方法,可以为治疗骨代谢疾病如糖尿病性骨质疏松提供预防及治疗思路。

目的:探讨未羧化骨钙素对高糖条件下小鼠骨髓间充质干细胞成脂分化和成骨分化的影响,揭示未羧化骨钙素对骨髓间充质干细胞分化的作用机制。

方法:采用全骨髓细胞培养及贴壁纯化小鼠骨髓间充质干细胞,不同质量浓度(0,1,3,10,30 μg/L)未羧化骨钙素处理细胞,CCK-8试剂盒检测细胞增殖情况,确定最佳作用质量浓度。第3代骨髓间充质干细胞加入成脂(或成骨)分化诱导培养基并分成4组:对照组、高糖处理组、未羧化骨钙素处理组、高糖+未羧化骨钙素处理组,分别添加25.5 mmol/L外源葡萄糖,3 μg/L未羧化骨钙素进行处理。采用油红和茜素红染色检测脂滴和钙结节的形成,qRT-PCR检测成脂分化标志基因(Fabp4、PPARγ、Adipsin和FAS)和成骨分化标志基因(Runx2、Osx、ALP和COLⅠ)的相对表达水平,试剂盒检测碱性磷酸酶活性和Ⅰ型胶原蛋白水平。另外,结合MEK和AMPK的特异性抑制剂(PD98059和BML),Western blot检测P-Erk和P-AMPKα的相对表达水平。

结果与结论:①3 μg/L未羧化骨钙素可显著促进细胞增殖(P < 0.01);②未羧化骨钙素促进高糖条件下骨髓间充质干细胞产生钙结节(P < 0.01)而抑制脂滴的形成(P < 0.05),下调成脂分化标志性基因(PFabp4 < 0.01;PPPARγ < 0.05;PAdipsin < 0.01;PFAS < 0.01)而上调成骨分化标志性基因(PRunx2 < 0.05;POsx< 0.05;PALP < 0.01;PCOL < 0.01)的表达,增加碱性磷酸酶活性(P < 0.01)和Ⅰ型胶原蛋白水平(P < 0.05);③高糖条件下,未羧化骨钙素上调P-Erk(P < 0.01)和P-AMPKα(P < 0.01)表达水平;④结果表明,未羧化骨钙素通过Erk/AMPKα信号通路促进高糖条件下骨髓间充质干细胞的成骨分化而抑制成脂分化。

ORCID: 0000-0003-2544-5690(杨建虹)

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:干细胞;骨髓干细胞;造血干细胞;脂肪干细胞;肿瘤干细胞;胚胎干细胞;脐带脐血干细胞;干细胞诱导;干细胞分化;组织工程

关键词:

糖尿病性骨质疏松症, 骨髓间充质干细胞, 未羧化骨钙素, 成脂分化, 成骨分化, Erk/AMPKα信号通路

Abstract:

BACKGROUND: The method of promoting osteogenic differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells under high-glucose conditions to inhibit adipogenic differentiation can provide prevention and treatment ideas for the treatment of bone metabolic diseases such as diabetic osteoporosis.

OBJECTIVE: To explore the effects of uncarboxylated osteocalcin on adipogenic and osteogenic differentiation of mouse bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells under high-glucose conditions so as to reveal the action mechanism of uncarboxylated osteocalcin on the differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells.

METHODS: Mouse bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells were cultured by whole bone marrow culture and adherent purification. Cells were treated with uncarboxylated osteocalcin at different concentrations (0, 1, 3, 10, and 30 μg/L). Cell proliferation was detected by cell counting kit-8 to determine the best mass concentration. Passage 3 bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells were incubated with adipogenic (or osteogenic) differentiation medium, and assigned to four groups: control group, high glucose group, uncarboxylated osteocalcin group, and high glucose + uncarboxylated osteocalcin group. Corresponding groups received the addition of 25.5 mmol/L exogenous glucose and 3 μg/L uncarboxylated osteocalcin. Lipid droplets and calcium nodules were detected by oil red and alizarin red staining. Quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction was used to detect the relative expression levels of adipogenic marker genes (Fabp4, PPARγ, Adipsin and FAS) and osteogenic differentiation marker genes (Runx2, Osx, alkaline phosphatase, and type I collagen). Kits were used to detect alkaline phosphatase activity and type I collagen levels. The relative expression levels of P-Erk and P-AMPKα were detected using signal pathway specific inhibitors (PD98059 and BML) and western blot assay. 

RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) Uncarboxylated osteocalcin 3 μg/L promoted cell proliferation (P < 0.01). (2) Uncarboxylated osteocalcin promoted the formation of calcium nodules (P < 0.01) in bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells under high-glucose conditions but inhibited the formation of lipid droplets (P < 0.05), down-regulating the relative expression levels of adipogenic marker genes (PFabp4 < 0.01; PPPARγ < 0.05; PAdipsin < 0.01; PFAS < 0.01), but increasing the relative expression levels of osteogenic differentiation marker genes (PRunx2 < 0.05; POsx < 0.05; PALP < 0.01; PCOLI < 0.01). Uncarboxylated osteocalcin increased alkaline phosphatase activity (P < 0.01) and type I collagen level (P < 0.05). (3) Uncarboxylated osteocalcin up-regulated the expression levels of P-Erk (P < 0.01) and P-AMPKα (P < 0.01) under high-glucose conditions. (4) These results indicate that uncarboxylated osteocalcin promoted osteogenic differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells under high-glucose conditions through Erk/AMPKα signaling pathway and inhibited adipogenic differentiation.

Key words: diabetic osteoporosis, bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells, uncarboxylated osteocalcin, adipogenic differentiation, osteogenic differentiation, Erk/AMPKα signaling pathway

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