中国组织工程研究 ›› 2017, Vol. 21 ›› Issue (19): 2953-2960.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.2017.19.001

• 人工假体 artificial prosthesis •    下一篇

半髋置换与内固定修复老年股骨颈骨折后的生活质量对比

胡 骏1,张德强2,汤 欣2   

  1. 1华中科技大学同济医学院附属普爱医院,湖北省武汉市 430000;2大连医科大学附属第一医院,辽宁省大连市 116011
  • 出版日期:2017-07-08 发布日期:2017-08-10
  • 通讯作者: 张德强,博士,主任医师,大连医科大学附属第一医院,辽宁省大连市 116011
  • 作者简介:胡骏,男,1988年生,湖北省监利县人,汉族,2016年大连医科大学毕业,硕士,医师,主要从事创伤骨科方面的研究。

Postoperative quality of life of internal fixation versus hemiarthroplasty for femoral neck fractures in the elderly  

Hu Jun1, Zhang De-qiang2, Tang Xin2   

  1. 1Puai Hospital Affiliated to Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430000, Hubei Province, China; 2the First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116011, Liaoning Province, China
  • Online:2017-07-08 Published:2017-08-10
  • Contact: Zhang De-qiang, M.D., Chief physician, the First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116011, Liaoning Province, China
  • About author:Hu Jun, Master, Physician, Puai Hospital Affiliated to Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430000, Hubei Province, China

摘要:

文章快速阅读:

 
 
文题释义:
股骨颈骨折Garden分型:在股骨颈骨折的分型中,Garden分型法是目前最常用的分型方法,它通过判断骨折是否完全和移位情况将骨折分成4型。根据Garden分型,骨折移位越严重,股骨头血供损害越严重,骨折出现骨不连,股骨头缺血性坏死的发生率越高。
动力髋螺钉螺旋刀片:继承了动力髋螺钉优势,同时在其他方面更具有优势。刀片头端长度随着螺旋刀片总长度而改变,人性化的设计充分考虑到患者个体解剖差异和亚洲人群体形小的特点。刀片最宽直径达12.5 mm,宽大的表面积设计提高了螺旋刀片的抗拔出力和抗旋转稳定性。未锁定时,螺旋刀片和杆部是可以相互独立旋转的,便于打入螺旋刀片。一旦锁定后,整个部件合成一体,从而达到一个部件完成抗旋转和稳定支撑的作用。
 
摘要
背景:股骨颈骨折仍然被认为是一种尚未解决的疾病,主要原因在于是采取内固定还是采用牺牲解剖结构的关节置换手术一直存在争议。这种争议来源于采用内固定治疗可能出现骨不连和股骨头缺血坏死,从而带来远期功能恢复的不满意。是否能通过骨折良好复位,确切固定以及积极功能锻炼改善预期呢?如果可能,那将有益于老年股骨颈骨折,特别是本身合并严重基础疾病的患者恢复。
目的:比较植入物内固定与半髋置换修复老年新鲜股骨颈骨折患者生活质量的差异。
方法:回顾性分析2010年1月至2013年12月大连医科大学附属第一医院收治的148例大于60岁的股骨颈骨折患者,比较内固定和半髋置换分别在无移位型(GardenⅠ、GardenⅡ型)及移位型(Garden Ⅲ、Garden Ⅳ型)股骨颈骨折患者手术时间、出血量、住院时间、死亡率、再手术率及术后生活质量的差异,术后生活质量采用Harris评分及SF-36 量表评估。

结果与结论:①148例患者中137例获得随访,随访率92.6%;②手术时间、术中出血量和住院时间比较,不论是无移位型,还是移位型股骨颈骨折,均为内固定组明显优于半髋置换组(P < 0.05);③两种修复方式死亡率差异无显著性意义,再手术率内固定组略高于半髋置换组;④两种修复方式术后的Harris 评分及SF-36评分均随着时间的延长而升高,2组间的差距随着时间的延长而不断接近,于术后2.5年即可达到相等(P > 0.05),且内固定术修复无移位型股骨颈骨折比移位型可更早获得与半髋置换相同的生活质量;⑤结果表明,植入物内固定在修复老年股骨颈骨折上,具有手术时间短、操作简单、创伤小等明显的优势,并且保留了自身股骨头,在术后2.5年即可达到与半髋关节置换相同的生活质量;尤其是随着科技的发展和手术技术的成熟,当代内固定术完全可以满足患者术后早期下地的需求,使其优势更加突出。因此,植入物内固定是修复老年股骨颈骨折的有效方法。

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:人工关节;骨植入物;脊柱骨折;内固定;数字化骨科;组织工程
ORCID: 0000-0003-0582-8803(胡骏)

关键词: 骨科植入物, 人工假体, 股骨颈骨折, 老年患者, 内固定, 半髋置换, 手术, 生活质量

Abstract:

BACKGROUND: The treatment strategy for femoral neck fractures has not been confirmed, and choosing internal fixation or arthroplasty remains controversial. After internal fixation, the occurrence of bone nonunion and osteonecrosis of femoral head makes its long-term treatment outcomes far from satisfactory. Can we improve the functional recovery through high-quality reduction, accurate fixation and active postoperative exercise? If so, it may be favorable for the elderly with femoral neck fractures, especially for those combined with other serious diseases.

OBJECTIVE: To compare the quality of life in the elderly with femoral neck fractures after internal fixation and hemiarthroplasty.
METHODS: 148 patients with femoral neck fractures aged more than 60 years old in the First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University from January 2010 to December 2013 were analyzed retrospectively. The operation time, intraoperative blood loss, hospitalization time, mortality rate, reoperation rate and postoperative quality of life were compared between internal fixation and hemiarthroplasty in the patients with undisplaced femoral neck fractures (Garden type I or II) displaced femoral neck fractures (Garden type III or IV), respectively.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) Among 148 patients, 137 cases completed follow-up, and the follow-up rate was 92.6%. (2) The operation time, intraoperative blood loss and hospitalization time in the internal fixation group were significantly superior to those in the hemiarthroplasty group in patients with displaced or undisplaced femoral neck fractures (P < 0.05). (3) There was no significant difference in the mortality rate between two groups, and the reoperation rate in the internal fixation groups was slightly higher than that in the hemiarthroplasty group. (4) The Harris and SF-36 scores in both groups were increased with time, and the difference between two groups was decreased with time, which became equal at 2.5 years postoperatively (P > 0.05). Besides, the time of the patients with undisplaced femoral neck fractures in the internal fixation group achieving the same quality of life with the hemiarthroplasty group was earlier than that of displaced ones. (5) These results suggest that internal fixation holds short operation time, simple operation skills and less trauma in the treatment of femoral neck fractures, and with the development of technology, it can achieve the early functional recovery. Thereafter, it is an effective method for senile femoral neck fractures.

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:人工关节;骨植入物;脊柱骨折;内固定;数字化骨科;组织工程

Key words: Femoral Fractures, Internal Fixators, Arthroplasty, Replacement, Hip, Quality of Life, Tissue Engineering

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