中国组织工程研究 ›› 2017, Vol. 21 ›› Issue (18): 2900-2905.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.2017.18.018

• 材料生物相容性 material biocompatibility • 上一篇    下一篇

明胶海绵在腭裂修复中的应用

胡广伟,廖天安,王  涛,王  鸿
  

  1. 海南省人民医院口腔科,海南省海口市  570311
  • 收稿日期:2017-01-14 出版日期:2017-06-28 发布日期:2017-07-07
  • 作者简介:胡广伟,男,1978年生,河北省石家庄市人,汉族,2005 年中南大学湘雅医学院毕业,硕士,副主任医师,主要从事口腔颌面外科颌面及颈部肿瘤性疾病及先天性面部畸形的研究与诊治。

Clinical use of gelatin sponge in palatorrhaphy

Hu Guang-wei, Liao Tian-an, Wang Tao, Wang Hong
  

  1. Department of Stomatology, Hainan Provincial People’s Hospital, Haikou 570311, Hainan Province, China
  • Received:2017-01-14 Online:2017-06-28 Published:2017-07-07
  • About author:Hu Guang-wei, Master, Associate chief physician, Department of Stomatology, Hainan Provincial People’s Hospital, Haikou 570311, Hainan Province, China

摘要:

文章快速阅读:

 

文题释义:
腭裂:是口腔颌面部最常见的先天性畸形之一,可单独发生也可与唇裂同时伴发。腭裂不仅有软组织缺损,更主要的是骨组织畸形,造成患儿吸吮、进食及语言等生理功能障碍。因颌骨发育不良常常导致面中份塌陷,严重者呈蝶形脸,咬合错乱,都严重影响到患儿的咀嚼功能和面容。腭裂畸形造成的多种生理功能障碍,特别是语言功能和牙颌错乱对患儿的生活、学习、工作均带来不利影响,易造成患儿的心理障碍。
明胶海绵:是一种从动物皮肤、筋膜等结缔组织中提取并经纯化的明胶制成,是目前外科手术中常用的局部止血材料。它的止血机制在于明胶海绵的多孔结构可吸收重于自身多倍的血液,其多孔结构吸收血液后膨胀,破坏血小板,促进血凝块形成,通过形成凝血网架,封闭血管裂口或创面,从而达到止血目的。另外,明胶虽然来源于动物组织,但没有抗原性,无组织反应。留在体内经酶作用4-6周后可被人体消化吸收,且不会影响创伤周围组织的pH值。
 
背景:在腭裂修复手术中,以往多采用碘仿纱条来填塞腭裂术后两侧松驰切口及覆盖创面。临床中作者发现,采用这种方法处理的患者,术后常出现发热、食欲不振、异物感、继发性出血等并发症。为避免或减少腭裂患者术后出现以上并发症,使用明胶海绵填塞双侧松弛切口,取得了良好的临床效果。
目的:对比腭裂患者修复术中创面不同处理方法对伤口愈合效果的影响。
方法:根据患儿入院时间,将110例腭裂手术患儿分为2组:2013年1月至2015年12月入院腭裂患儿54例为实验组,2008年1月至2012年12月入院腭裂患儿56例为对照组。实验组采用明胶海绵填塞创面,对照组应用碘仿纱包及碘仿纱条填塞创面,评估患儿术后精神、饮食、体温、创口出血及愈合等情况。术后4周复查,测量患者松弛切口处瘢痕条索宽度。
结果与结论:①实验组精神、饮食恢复时间和出院时间短于对照组(P < 0.05);②实验组发热率明显低于对照组(P < 0.05),且发热时间短于对照组(P < 0.05);③实验组术后出血、恶心呕吐发生率明显低于对照组,差异有显著性意义(P < 0.05);④术后4周,实验组患儿松弛切口处瘢痕条索宽度明显窄于对照组,差异有显著性意义(P < 0.05);⑤结果表明,明胶海绵止血可靠,术后反应轻,伤口愈合快,不影响进食,具有较好的临床应用价值。

关键词: 生物材料, 材料相容性, 明胶海绵, 腭裂修复术, 碘仿纱条

Abstract:

BACKGROUND: In palatorrhaphy, iodoform gauzes are often used to fill the bilateral relaxation incisions and cover the wound. However, there are a series of postoperative complications, such as fever, loss of appetite, foreign body sensation, secondary bleeding. In order to avoid or reduce the complications after palatorrhaphy, the use of gelatin sponge to fill bilateral relaxation incisions has achieved good clinical results.
OBJECTIVE: To compare the clinical effects of different treatments on wound healing after palatorrhaphy.
METHODS: 110 child patients with cleft palate were selected and assigned into two groups according to admission time. Fifty-four patients who admitted from January 2013 to December 2015 (experimental group) were obturated with gelatin sponge, while the other 56 patients who admitted from January 2008 to December 2012 (control group) were obturated with idoform gauze. The postoperative results of patients were assessed in various aspects, including psychological impact, diet, body temperature, bleeding, and wound healing. The incision scar width was measured at 4 weeks postoperatively.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) Patients in the experimental group experienced shorter recovery time than those in the control group (P < 0.05). (2) Patients in the experimental group had substantially lower incidence of fever postoperatively, and shorter duration of fever than those in the control group (P < 0.05). (3) In comparison to the control group, the experimental group showed less postoperative complications such as bleeding and vomiting (P < 0.05). (4) The incision scar width in the experimental group was significantly narrower than that in the control group (P < 0.05) after 4 weeks. These experimental findings demonstrate the superior effect of gelatin sponge over iodoform gauze and its value in clinical application with better healing, less bleeding, shorter recovery time and no impact on eating.

Key words: Cleft Palate, Gelatin Sponge, Absorbable, Biocompatible Materials, Tissue Engineering

中图分类号: