中国组织工程研究 ›› 2016, Vol. 20 ›› Issue (35): 5210-5215.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.2016.35.006

• 脊柱植入物 spinal implant • 上一篇    下一篇

椎弓根螺钉及颈椎体螺钉置入内固定后的生物力学及稳定性比较

刘 淼,尚显文,宁 旭,庄 勇,许顺恩   

  1. 贵州医科大学附属医院骨科,贵州省贵阳市 550001
  • 修回日期:2016-06-19 出版日期:2016-08-26 发布日期:2016-08-26
  • 通讯作者: 尚显文,主任医师,硕士生导师,贵州医科大学附属医院骨科,贵州省贵阳市 550001
  • 作者简介:刘淼,男,1982年生,山西省人,侗族,2012年贵阳医学院毕业,硕士,主治医师,主要从事脊柱退变、创伤等方面的研究。

Biomechanics and stability of the spine after implantation with pedicle screw and cervical vertebral screw fixation

Liu Miao, Shang Xian-wen, Ning Xu, Zhuang Yong, Xu Shun-en   

  1. Department of Orthopedics, Affiliated Hospital, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550001, Guizhou Province, China
  • Revised:2016-06-19 Online:2016-08-26 Published:2016-08-26
  • Contact: Shang Xian-wen, Chief physician, Master’s supervisor, Department of Orthopedics, Affiliated Hospital, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550001, Guizhou Province, China
  • About author:Liu Miao, Master, Attending physician, Department of Orthopedics, Affiliated Hospital, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550001, Guizhou Province, China

摘要:

文章快速阅读:

 

 

文题释义:
椎弓根螺钉置入技术:从大的角度来说是脊柱生物力学研究的综合产物,该技术能够为机体脊椎提供不同部位的固定,获得多平面的稳定性,且具备三维空间矫正作用,成为脊柱的主要修复方法。从人体解剖角度来说,脊柱承载的负荷较多,机体运动时活动幅度、活动量也比较大,螺钉置入脊柱后如果生物力学性能及稳定性达不到要求,容易导致螺钉的握持力不足发生松动,从而增加了患者治疗后并发症的发生率。
前路颈椎间盘切除植骨融合:为目前颈椎病等疾病的主要手术修复方法,能够有效提高临床疗效,提供坚强固定,且术后植骨融合率较高。但是,该方法尚存在较多局限性,对于2个节段及以上患者,置入难度较大,治疗后稳定性也比较差,导致患者术后出现置入融合失败、假关节成形等并发症,影响预后。
 
摘要
背景:从人体解剖角度来说,脊柱承载的负荷较多,机体运动时活动幅度、活动量也比较大,螺钉置入脊柱后如果生物力学性能及稳定性达不到要求,容易导致螺钉的握持力不足发生松动,从而增加了患者治疗后并发症的发生率。
目的:对比内固定椎弓根螺钉与颈椎体螺钉置入脊柱后的生物力学性能及其稳定性。
方法:选取100个人体下颈椎椎体标本进行分析,随机分为颈椎体螺钉组与内固定椎弓根螺钉组。分别将内固定椎弓根螺钉与颈椎体螺钉置入人体下颈椎标本中,采用Electro Force 3510材料试验机对标本进行轴向拔出力、疲劳加载后轴向拔出力、固定稳定性等生物力学测试,比较2种螺钉置入脊柱后的生物力学性能及其稳定性。
结果与结论:①内固定椎弓根螺钉组即时拔出力、即时拔出刚度均显著高于颈椎体螺钉组(P < 0.05);②2组虽然疲劳拔出力和疲劳拔出刚度差别不大,但是经统计学分析二者差异有显著性意义(P < 0.05),内固定椎弓根螺钉组显著高于颈椎体螺钉组;③结果提示,内固定椎弓根螺钉置入脊柱后能够为机体提供足够的内固定稳定性,且具备较好的抗疲劳特性,可提高置入脊柱后的即时拔出力和疲劳拔出力,稳定性更强。

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:人工关节;骨植入物;脊柱骨折;内固定;数字化骨科;组织工程

ORCID:
0000-0002-6026-8514(刘淼)

关键词: 骨科植入物, 脊柱植入物, 内固定椎弓根螺钉, 颈椎体螺钉, 生物力学, 稳定性, 轴向拔出力, 固定稳定性, 拔出刚度

Abstract:

BACKGROUND: From the point of view of human anatomy, the load of the spine is more. When the body moves, the range of activities, and activity are relatively large. After screws were implanted in the spine, if biomechanical properties and stability are not up to the standard, it easily leads to lack of grip force of screw and screw loosening so as to increase the incidence of complications after treatment. 

OBJECTIVE: To compare biomechanical properties and stability of the spine after insertion of pedicle screw and cervical vertebral screw into the spine.
METHODS: 100 vertebrae under human cervical spine specimens were analyzed and randomly divided into cervical vertebral screw fixation group and pedicle screw fixation group. Cervical vertebral screws and pedicle screws were implanted in lower cervical spine specimens. Electro Force 3510 material testing machine was used to test axial pull-out force, axial pull-out strength after the fatigue loading, and fixed stability. The biomechanical properties and stability were compared after two kinds of screws were implanted in the spine. 
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) Instantaneous pull out force and immediate pull out stiffness were significantly higher in the pedicle screw fixation group than in the cervical vertebral screw fixation group(P < 0.05). (2) Fatigue pull-out strength and fatigue pull-out stiffness did not have significant differences in both groups, but statistical analysis showed significant differences (P < 0.05). Fatigue pull-out strength and fatigue pull-out stiffness were significantly higher in the pedicle screw fixation group than in the cervical vertebral screw fixation group. (3) These results suggested that pedicle screw fixation after implantation in the spine provides sufficient fixation stability, has better fatigue resistance, elevates instantaneous pull-out force and fatigue pull-out strength, and presents strong stability. 

 

Key words: Cervical Vertebrae, Internal Fixators, Biomechanics, Tissue Engineering

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