中国组织工程研究 ›› 2016, Vol. 20 ›› Issue (24): 3605-3608.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.2016.24.016

• 肌肉肌腱韧带组织构建 tissue construction of the muscle, tendon and ligament • 上一篇    下一篇

前交叉韧带断裂和重建的临床流行病学分析

陈连旭,付立功   

  1. 清华大学医学中心北京清华长庚医院骨科,北京市   102218
  • 出版日期:2016-06-10 发布日期:2016-06-10
  • 作者简介:陈连旭,男,1969年出生,山东省高密市人,汉族,2006年北京大学医学部毕业,博士,主任医师,副教授,主要从事运动创伤和关节置换的研究。

Clinical epidemiological study on anterior cruciate ligament rupture and reconstruction

Chen Lian-xu, Fu Li-gong   

  1. Department of Orthopedics, Beijing Tsinghua Chang Gung Hospital, Medial Center, Tsinghua University, Beijing 102218, China
  • Online:2016-06-10 Published:2016-06-10
  • About author:Chen Lian-xu, M.D., Associate professor, Chief physician, Department of Orthopedics, Beijing Tsinghua Chang Gung Hospital, Medial Center, Tsinghua University, Beijing 102218, China

摘要:

文章快速阅读:

文题释义:
前交叉韧带:膝关节内重要的韧带之一,起自股骨外侧髁内侧面,止于胫骨髁间嵴前部,主要维护膝关节的前向稳定性和旋转稳定性。前交叉韧带在解剖和功能上分为前内束和后外束,前内束主要负责前向稳定性,后外束主要负责旋转稳定性。前内束和后外束在屈膝时呈交叉状态,伸直时呈平行状态。
前交叉韧带解剖重建:是前交叉韧带重建最新的重建方法,通过前交叉韧带的原止点重建,恢复原有前交叉韧带的止点位置、走形方向和韧带大小,完全恢复前交叉韧带的功能。解剖重建的关键是骨道定位,精髓是交叉韧带止点残端中央定位。解剖重建包括解剖单束重建、解剖双束重建、前内束和后外束解剖部分重建。
摘要
背景:
前交叉韧带解剖重建是治疗前交叉韧带断裂的主要方法。目前针对前交叉韧带重建,从组织胚胎、解剖结构和生物力学,到重建材料、操作技术和重建后康复都进行了全面细致的研究,但缺乏前交叉韧带断裂和重建的临床流行病学资料。
目的:分析前交叉韧带断裂和重建的临床流行病学特点,为预防和治疗前交叉韧带断裂提供指导。
方法:统计了前交叉韧带断裂重建患者352例,对患者的年龄、性别、受伤原因、受伤机制、就诊时间和前交叉韧带断裂后对半月板和关节软骨的影响,以及手术过程中的发现情况、手术方式和重建材料等进行分析。
结果与结论:①前交叉韧带断裂多发生于男性年轻人,左膝多于右膝;②男性患者多发生于篮球、足球和意外伤,女性患者多发生于意外伤、羽毛球和滑雪伤,损伤机制以膝关节内旋外翻伤多见;③手术时间以前交叉韧带断裂伤1-3个月多见,常伴有半月板和关节软骨损伤。外侧半月板损伤发生率相对稳定,内侧半月板损伤在前交叉韧带断裂超过半年后明显增多。关节软骨损伤以髌骨软骨损伤为主,超过1年,内侧髁软骨损伤显著增加;④韧带重建方式以解剖单束重建为主,骨道定位可参考住院医师嵴和束间嵴,重建材料多为自体半腱股薄肌肌腱;⑤结果提示,前交叉韧带断裂应早期进行前交叉韧带的解剖重建,恢复膝关节的稳定性,防止内侧半月板和股骨内侧髁软骨的继发损伤。

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:组织构建;骨细胞;软骨细胞;细胞培养;成纤维细胞;血管内皮细胞;骨质疏松组织工程
ORCID: 0000-0003-3917-991X(陈连旭)

关键词: 组织构建, 组织工程, 膝关节, 前交叉韧带, 断裂, 重建, 流行病学

Abstract:

BACKGROUND: Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction is the primary treatment method for ACL rupture. Currently, studies on ACL reconstruction involve histology and embryology, anatomical structure, biomechanics, reconstruction materials, operating technology, and rehabilitation after reconstruction. However, clinical epidemiological studies describing ACL rupture and reconstruction remain scarce.
OBJECTIVE: To analyze the clinical epidemiological characteristics of ACL rupture and reconstruction to provide guidance for prevention and treatment of ACL rupture.
METHODS: Data of 352 patients for age, gender, cause and mechanism of injury, treatment time, and the impact of ACL rupture on menisci and articular cartilage were gathered. Meanwhile, the events during surgery, operation methods and reconstruction materials were analyzed.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: ACL rupture mostly occurred in young men, and happened more often to the left knee; male patients got hurt in basketball, football and accidental injuries, while female patients got hurt in the accidental injuries, badminton and skiing injuries, internal rotation with valgus stress accounted for the predominant injury mechanism. The ACL reconstruction was mostly performed within 1-3 months after ACL rupture, often accompanied by meniscal and articular cartilage damage. Lateral meniscus injury incidence was relatively stable, medial meniscus injury incidence increased significantly over the half year after ACL rupture. Most articular cartilage injury occurred to patellar cartilage. A significant increase in medial condylar cartilage damage over 1 year after ACL rupture was often observed. Anatomic single-bundle ACL reconstruction was the primary surgical approach, the resident ridge and the lateral bifurcate ridge could be used to position bone tunnel and autogenous semitendinosus and gracilis tendon were the most commonly used reconstruction materials. Our results indicate that anatomic ACL reconstruction should be performed as early as possible in restore knee joint stability and prevent secondary injury of the medial meniscus and cartilage of medial femoral condyle.

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:组织构建;骨细胞;软骨细胞;细胞培养;成纤维细胞;血管内皮细胞;骨质疏松组织工程

Key words: Knee Joint, Anterior Cruciate Ligament, Menisci, Tibial

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