中国组织工程研究 ›› 2016, Vol. 20 ›› Issue (13): 1939-1945.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.2016.13.016

• 骨与关节生物力学 bone and joint biomechanics • 上一篇    下一篇

不同植入物内固定修复股骨颈合并同侧转子下骨折:生物力学性能比较

王延军1,侯 军2,万 博2,刘 刚2,牛 刚2,张 扬2,党晓谦1   

  1. 1西安交通大学第二附属医院骨一科,陕西省西安市 710004;2西安大兴医院骨科,陕西省西安市 710016
  • 收稿日期:2016-01-12 出版日期:2016-03-25 发布日期:2016-03-25
  • 通讯作者: 党晓谦,博士,主任医师,西安交通大学第二附属医院骨一科,陕西省西安市 710004
  • 作者简介:王延军,男,1975年生,陕西省洛川县人,汉族,1999年延安大学医学院毕业,副主任医师,主要从事关节外科、运动医学方面的研究。

Different implant fixation repairs femoral neck combined with ipsilateral subtrochanteric fractures: comparisons of biomechanical properties

Wang Yan-jun1, Hou Jun2, Wan Bo2, Liu Gang2, Niu Gang2, Zhang Yang2, Dang Xiao-qian1   

  1. 1First Department of Orthopedics, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710004, Shaanxi Province, China; 2Department of Orthopedics, Xi’an Daxing Hospital, Xi’an 710016, Shaanxi Province, China
  • Received:2016-01-12 Online:2016-03-25 Published:2016-03-25
  • Contact: Dang Xiao-qian, M.D., Chief physician, First Department of Orthopedics, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710004, Shaanxi Province, China
  • About author:Wang Yan-jun, Associate chief physician, First Department of Orthopedics, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710004, Shaanxi Province, China

摘要:

文章快速阅读:

文题释义:

股骨颈合并同侧转子下骨折:是指股骨中上段节段的骨折,多由高能量损伤所致。由于股骨颈合并同侧转子下骨折常累及多个部位,创伤严重,因此治疗较为困难。股骨转子下骨折时,转子下的内侧皮质常常缺失,或者骨质较差,因而需要通过强度和刚度良好的内固定器进行支撑,以提高手术治疗的效果。

加长型股骨近端防旋髓内钉:①在冠状面上,其有6°的外翻角,因此,梨状窝不是其进针点的必选点。②当螺旋刀片置入骨折处时具有稳定支撑和抗旋转两重作用,能够使股骨头内的骨质保持较好的锚和力,以及最大程度的镇压效果。③螺旋刀片的强度较其他交锁髓内钉大,因此能够承受的屈服应力较其他交锁方式大。④螺旋刀片具有自锁加压的功能,可以使螺旋刀片压缩骨折的间隙,从而对骨折断端进行加压。⑤它具有均匀传导应力的特点,符合生物负重力线,并且通过力臂内移,而使应力的遮挡小,因此有助于骨折的愈合。

 

背景:选择强度和刚度良好的内固定器植入物是修复股骨颈合并同侧转子下骨折的关键。
目的:比较不同植入物内固定修复股骨颈不和同侧转子下骨折的生物力学性能。
方法:将24根成年防腐尸体标本制作成为股骨颈骨折合并同侧转子下内侧皮质缺损5 cm的骨折模型,并按照随机数字表法将其均分为股骨近端锁定板组、加长型股骨近端防旋髓内钉组和加长型股骨近端髓内钉组,比较3组轴向压缩实验、扭转实验以及轴向压缩破坏实验结果。

结果与结论:加长型股骨近端防旋髓内钉组轴向抗压刚度、破坏载荷大于股骨近端锁定板组和加长型股骨近端髓内钉组,加长型股骨近端髓内钉组大于股骨近端锁定板组,差异有显著性意义(P < 0.05)。股骨近端锁定板组扭转刚度大于加长型股骨近端防旋髓内钉组和加长型股骨近端髓内钉组,加长型股骨近端防旋髓内钉组大于加长型股骨近端髓内钉组,差异有显著性意义(P < 0.05)。3组标本内固定后4,8周的生物力学性能指标与内固定后0周比较,虽然有轻微的增加,但是差异均无显著性意义(P > 0.05)。 一定程度上讲,加长型股骨近端防旋髓内钉内固定股骨颈合并同侧转子下骨折相对股骨近端锁定板和加长型股骨近端髓内钉而言,更具有生物力学方面的优势。 

ORCID: 0000-0001-5782-4535 (王延军)

关键词: 骨科植入物, 骨植入物, 股骨近端锁定板, 加长型股骨近端防旋髓内钉, 加长型股骨近端髓内钉, 内固定, 股骨颈骨折, 股骨转子下骨折, 生物力学

Abstract:

BACKGROUND: Choosing internal fixator implants with good strength and stiffness is the key to repair femoral neck combined with ipsilateral subtrochanteric fractures.
OBJECTIVE: To compare the biomechanical properties of different implant fixation for femoral neck combined with ipsilateral subtrochanteric fractures.
METHODS: Totally 24 adult antiseptic cadaver specimens were used to produce fracture models with femoral neck fracture combined with 5 cm of ipsilateral subtrochanteri medical cortical defect, and were divided into femoral proximal locking plate group, lengthening proximal femur anti-rotation intramedullary nail group and lengthening proximal femoral nail group according to the random number table method. The results of axial compression test, torsion test and axial compression failure rest in three groups were compared.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The axial compressive stiffness and failure load in lengthening proximal femur anti-rotation intramedullary nail group were significantly greater than those in femoral proximal locking plate group and lengthening proximal femoral nail group, and those in lengthening proximal femoral nail group were significantly greater than those in femoral proximal locking plate group (P < 0.05). The torsional stiffness in femoral proximal locking plate group was significantly greater than that in lengthening proximal femur anti-rotation intramedullary nail group and lengthening proximal femoral nail group, and that in lengthening proximal femur anti-rotation intramedullary nail group was significantly greater than that in lengthening proximal femoral nail group (P < 0.05). The indexes of biomechanical properties of specimens at the 4th and 8th weeks after fixation in three groups were slightly increased compared with those in 0 week after surgery, but the difference was no statistically significant (P > 0.05). These results demonstrate that to a certain extent, compared with the femoral proximal locking plate and lengthening lengthening proximal femoral nail, lengthening proximal femur anti-rotation intramedullary nail fixation for repair of femoral neck combined with ipsilateral subtrochanteric fractures has more biomechanical advantages.