中国组织工程研究 ›› 2016, Vol. 20 ›› Issue (9): 1309-1314.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.2016.09.014

• 数字化骨科 digital orthopedics • 上一篇    下一篇

枪状植骨器的设计与模拟手术

尹智宇1,尹知训2,何二兴2,卢伟杰2   

  1. 1解放军广州军区广州总医院拓姆中心,广东省广州市 510195;2广州医科大学附属第一医院骨科,广东省广州市 510120
  • 收稿日期:2015-12-16 出版日期:2016-02-19 发布日期:2016-02-19
  • 通讯作者: 尹知训,博士,主任医师,广州医科大学附属第一医院,广东省广州市 510120
  • 作者简介:尹智宇,男,1974年生,湖南省新田县人,汉族,1999年零陵卫校毕业,医师,主要从事肿瘤、器械研究。
  • 基金资助:

    广州市科技计划项目(2013J4100041);广东省科技计划项目(2014A020212369);广州医科大学附属第一医院项目

Design of gun-form bone grafting apparatus and surgical simulation

Yin Zhi-yu1, Yin Zhi-xun2, He Er-xing2, Lu Wei-jie2   

  1. 1Department of Radiogherapy, Guangzhou General Hospital of Guangzhou Military Region, Guangzhou 510195, Guangdong Province, China; 2Department of Orthopedics, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510120, Guangdong Province, China
  • Received:2015-12-16 Online:2016-02-19 Published:2016-02-19
  • Contact: Yin Zhi-xun, M.D., Chief physician, Department of Orthopedics, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510120, Guangdong Province, China
  • About author:Yin Zhi-yu, Physician, Department of Radiogherapy, Guangzhou General Hospital of Guangzhou Military Region, Guangzhou 510195, Guangdong Province, China
  • Supported by:

    Science and Technology Program of Guangzhou, China, No. 2013J4100041; Science and Technology Program of Guangdong Province, China, No. 2014A020212369; a grant supported by the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, China

摘要:

 文章快速阅读:

文题释义:

植骨:是用手术将骨组织移植到患者体内骨缺损处及需要加强或融合的部位。由于骨来源不同,分为自体骨移植及同种异体骨移植,随着冷藏设备和无菌防腐技术的进步,现在用骨库储存同种骨。常用植骨区有骨质缺损、骨折不愈合、填充囊性病灶或良性肿瘤刮除后所遗留的空腔、脊椎及关节融合等。自体骨移植可取自胫骨前内侧面中部,腓骨上段、髂翼、肋骨以及离断肢体远端之健康骨。
植骨器:自1982年Daniaux提出经椎弓根植骨以来,针对椎体内植骨,不少学者进行了经椎弓根植骨器设计开发,设计了多种经椎弓根植骨器,用于胸腰椎椎体暴力性骨折、骨质疏松骨折椎体内植骨。

 

背景:现有植骨器均为长管状,顺行植骨,管内骨粒推移困难、骨耗损大。
目的:设计出新概念微创植骨器,实现椎体内、椎间隙微创植骨。
方法:在Solidworks2012软件平台上,利用三维实体建模技术,针对既往经皮或/和经椎弓根植骨器顺行植骨,路径过长、植骨困难问题,设计一套头端逆向置骨、顺行推出的全新概念枪状植骨器,并进行虚拟装配和模拟植骨手术,观察器械匹配情况和植骨手术步骤。

结果与结论:成功设计出一套微创枪状植骨器,植骨器总长20 cm,前端半封闭植骨管长2.5 cm,直径有2种规格:内径3.5 mm/外径4 mm、内径5 mm/外径6 mm。虚拟装配见器械匹配良好。模拟手术显示骨粒装载及推出简单。枪状植骨器设计合理,避免既往管状植骨器顺行植骨推移距离长、骨推行困难、骨量丢失等问题;可经皮、镜下椎体内或椎间隙微创植骨。 

 ORCID: 0000-0001-6332-9960 (尹智宇)

关键词: 骨科植入物, 骨植入物, 植骨器, 微创, 植骨, 椎体骨折, 组织工程

Abstract:

BACKGROUND: The existing bone grafting apparatus are all long tubular-shape, antegrade bone grafting; however, the bone grains within the tube were difficult to put through, along with large bone loss.
OBJECTIVE: To design a new concept of minimally invasive bone grafting apparatus, so as to achieve the minimally invasive bone grafting in vertebral body and intervertebral space.
METHODS: On Solidworks 2012 software platform, the 3D three-dimensional solid modeling technology was employed to design a new concept of gun-shape bone grafting device with the characteristics of headend reversely placing at the grafting position and antegrade pushout, against the problems such as antegrade bone grafting, long bone grafting path and difficulty in bone grafting existing in precious percutaneous or/and transpedicular bone graft apparatus. The virtual assembly and simulative bone grafting surgery were performed with the bone grafting apparatus for observation of the instrument matching degree and grafting surgical procedures.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: A set of minimally invasive gun-shape bone grafting apparatus was successfully designed; its length was 20 cm in total; the length of the front semi-closed bone tube was
2.5 cm. There are two kinds of diameter specifications: inner diameter of 3.5 mm/outer diameter of 4 mm, and inner diameter of 5 mm/outer diameter of 6 mm. Virtual assembly revealed that the grafting apparatus were well matched. Stimulative surgery displayed that the bone grain loading and launch were simple. The gun-shape bone grafting device is reasonable in design, avoiding pushing too long distance, bone pushing difficulties, bone loss and other problems in previous tubular bone grafting apparatus. Percutaneous, endoscopic vertebrae or intervertebral space minimally invasive bone grafting can be performed with this apparatus.