中国组织工程研究 ›› 2016, Vol. 20 ›› Issue (4): 529-533.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.2016.04.013

• 脊柱植入物 spinal implant • 上一篇    下一篇

后路截骨矫形螺钉置入内固定修复胸腰段僵硬性角状后凸畸形:中期随访评价

敖 霜1,贾一明1,冷 辉1,赵 宇2,隋雨新1,张 皓1   

  1. 敖霜,男,1983年生,内蒙古自治区赤峰市人,蒙古族,2010年内蒙古医科大学毕业,硕士,主治医师,主要从事脊柱外科的工作及研究。
  • 收稿日期:2015-11-18 出版日期:2016-01-22 发布日期:2016-01-22
  • 通讯作者: 冷辉,副教授,主任医师,硕士生导师,内蒙古赤峰市医院,内蒙古自治区赤峰市 024000 通讯作者:赵宇,教授,主任医师,博士生导师,北京协和医院,北京市 100000
  • 作者简介:敖霜,男,1983年生,内蒙古自治区赤峰市人,蒙古族,2010年内蒙古医科大学毕业,硕士,主治医师,主要从事脊柱外科的工作及研究。
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金资助项目(81572093),项目名称:应用全外显子组测序结合代谢组学探索中国汉族人群胸椎黄韧带骨化症的致病基因

Posterior pedicle subtraction osteotomy at the apical vertebra with transpedicular instrumentation in the treatment of rigid angular kyphosis of thoracolumbar spine: a medium-term curative effects

Ao Shuang1, Jia Yi-ming1, Leng Hui1, Zhao Yu2, Sui Yu-xin1, Zhang Hao1
    

  1. 1Spine Surgery, Chifeng Municipal Hospital, Chifeng 024000, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, China; 2Department of Orthopedics, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Beijing 100000, China
  • Received:2015-11-18 Online:2016-01-22 Published:2016-01-22
  • Contact: Leng Hui, Associate professor, Chief physician, Master’s supervisor, Spine Surgery, Chifeng Municipal Hospital, Chifeng 024000, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, China Corresponding author: Zhao Yu, Professor, Chief physician, Doctoral supervisor, Department of Orthopedics, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Beijing 100000, China
  • About author:Ao Shuang, Master, Attending physician, Spine Surgery, Chifeng Municipal Hospital, Chifeng 024000, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, China
  • Supported by:

    the National Natural Science Foundation of China, No. 81572093

摘要:

文章快速阅读:

文题释义:

僵硬性畸形:畸形在bending位投照时Cobb角无明显变化,僵硬性脊柱畸形多为先天性脊柱畸形未能得到及时治疗或脊柱结核、脊柱陈旧性骨折引起,对僵硬性畸形的矫形比较困难,往往需要借助多种不同截骨的方式才能完成矫形的过程。

后路顶椎或椎间隙截骨矫形:选择后路顶椎或椎间隙截骨就是切除顶椎所有附件,直视保护神经组织下于椎体侧缘、上下椎间孔之间行椎体楔形截骨,可将椎体上终板及其椎间盘组织连同部分椎体一起切除,是基于神经组织的环状减压,使脊柱中轴短缩,它的矫形变得不仅可以控制,并且不会对椎体前方组织造成牵拉,融合骨面是相互接触的松质面,融合率高。顶椎楔形截骨矫形能力强,临床应用有关报道也证实了较强的矫形能力。

 

背景:脊柱矫形修复过程中主要的难点是最大限度的矫正后凸畸形同时如何减小创伤和并发症的发生,尤其是避免出现相应的脊髓神经损伤。
目的:探讨后路一期顶椎或椎间隙截骨矫形及椎弓根螺钉置入内固定修复胸腰段僵硬性角状后凸畸形的方法及其中期疗效。

方法:回顾性分析42例行后路一期顶椎或椎间隙截骨矫形、椎弓根螺钉置入内固定修复胸腰段僵硬性角状后凸畸形的病历资料,治疗前后患者均进行详细的影像学检查。记录所有患者治疗前后的后凸角度、Frankel分级及围手术期并发症发生情况。随访期间通过复查脊柱X射线片或CT片,了解植骨融合情况。

结果与结论:治疗后随访10-36个月,植骨融合时间平均5.1个月。后凸Cobb角由治疗前的78.4°(38° -110°)矫正治疗后10 d的7°(-8° -24°)。矫正率为90%,末次随访时平均为7.9°,矫形丢失平均0.9°。16例不全瘫患者末次随访Frankel分级B级0例,C级3例,D级5例,E级8例,较治疗前获得显著改善(P < 0.05)。42例患者中有5例出现并发症,其中治疗后7个月出现融合节段远端螺钉及钛棒松动1例,脑脊液漏2例,一过性双下肢无力1例,一侧下肢疼痛1例,无严重并发症发生。提示后路一期顶椎或椎间隙截骨矫形及椎弓根螺钉置入内固定修复胸腰段僵硬性角状后凸畸形可获得良好的矫形效果,内固定牢固,融合率高,并发症较少,中期随访效果较满意。 

 ORCID: 0000-0002-2333-5175(冷辉)

关键词: 骨科植入物, 脊柱植入物, 截骨矫形, 胸腰段, 脊柱后凸, 椎弓根内固定, 国家自然科学基金

Abstract:

BACKGROUND: During spinal orthopedic repair, the main difficulty is to maximize the correction of the deformity, simultaneously, to reduce the incidence of trauma and complications, especially to avoid the corresponding spinal nerve injury.
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the curative effect of one-stage posterior pedicle subtraction osteotomy of apical vertebra with transpedicular instrumentation in the treatment of rigid angular kyphosis of thoracolumbar spine.
METHODS: We retrospectively analyzed the data of 42 cases of rigid angular kyphosis of thoracolumbar spine that were treated by one-stage posterior pedicle subtraction osteotomy of apical vertebra with transpedicular instrumentation. All patients received detailed imaging examination before and after operation. Kyphosis angle, Frankel grading and perioperative complications were recorded in all patients. X-ray films or CT films showed the bone graft fusion during follow-up.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Patients were followed up for 10-36 months after treatment. The average time of bone graft fusion was 5.1 months. Cobb’s angle of kyphosis was corrected from 78.4° (38°-110°) preoperatively to 7°(-8°-24°) at 10 days after treatment. The correction rate was 90%. The average angle during final follow-up was 7.9°, with an average loss of 0.9°. In 16 paresis patients, Frankel grading results showed grade B in 0 case, grade C in 3 cases, grade D in 5 cases, and grade E in 8 cases during final follow-up, showing significant improvement as compared with that pre-treatment (P < 0.05). Among 42 patients, 5 cases had complications. At 7 months after treatment, there were screw and titanium rod loosening at the distal end of the fusion segment in 1 case, cerebrospinal fluid leakage in 2 cases, transient double lower limb weakness in 1 case, pain in one side of lower limb in 1 case, and no severe complications appeared. These results verified that one-stage posterior pedicle subtraction osteotomy of apical vertebra with transpedicular instrumentation could achieve satisfactory clinical outcomes in rigid angular kyphosis of thoracolumbar spine. The internal fixation was stable and with a high fusion rate and few complications. The medium-term effect was satisfactory.