中国组织工程研究 ›› 2015, Vol. 19 ›› Issue (44): 7053-7058.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.2015.44.001

• 人工假体 artificial prosthesis •    下一篇

全髋关节置换中臼杯放置角度对关节屈伸活动安全性的影响

邵建树,厉晓龙,刘伟峰,朱  州,蒋小军,季旭彪   

  1. 江苏大学附属武进医院(常州市武进人民医院)骨科,江苏省常州市 213017
  • 收稿日期:2015-08-09 出版日期:2015-10-22 发布日期:2015-10-22
  • 作者简介:邵建树,男,1982年生,江苏省常州市人,汉族,硕士,主治医师,主要从事脊柱外科方面的研究。

Angle of acetabular cup in total hip replacement affects the safety of joint flexion and extension

Shao Jian-shu, Li Xiao-long, Liu Wei-feng, Zhu Zhou, Jiang Xiao-jun, Ji Xu-biao   

  1. Department of Orthopedics, Wujin Hospital Affiliated to Jiangsu University (Changzhou Wujin People’s Hospital), Changzhou 213017, Jiangsu Province, China
  • Received:2015-08-09 Online:2015-10-22 Published:2015-10-22
  • About author:Shao Jian-shu, Master, Attending physician, Department of Orthopedics, Wujin Hospital Affiliated to Jiangsu University (Changzhou Wujin People’s Hospital), Changzhou 213017, Jiangsu Province, China

摘要:

背景:全髋关节置换患者的主要并发症为以脱位为表现形式的不稳定,而脱位等并发症的发生概率与假体特别是臼杯假体的置入角度失误有较大关系。
目的:探究全髋关节置换中臼杯置入角度对关节屈伸活动安全性的影响。
方法:选取2012年1月到2014年12月在江苏大学附属武进医院接受全髋关节置换治疗的60例患者。利用三维定向监测装置、CT扫描以及图像处理工具,对患者进行臼杯预设角度,设置外展角和前倾角,记录试验数据,并且进行统计学分析。
结果与结论:在外展角45°,前倾角15°;外展角60°,前倾角15°;外展角30°,前倾角15°;外展角45°,前倾角5°;外展角45°,前倾角25°,共5种条件下进行不同臼杯角度置入。根据数据统计,在前倾角均为15°的患者中,当臼杯放入时,外展角越大时,骨盆倾斜角度变化导致的患者臼杯外展角变化的范围也越大。患者骨盆前倾角的增加,臼杯前倾角会减小。随着骨盆后倾的角度增加,患者的臼杯前倾角也会变大。此外,在前倾角均为15°的患者中,让臼杯前倾角均保持一致,当患者的臼杯置放外展角增大时,骨盆倾斜角度变化进而导致的臼杯前倾角变化范围就越小。提示臼杯外展角与前倾角两者之间具有相互制约的关系;在臼杯置入时,以较大的前倾角度置入时[安全范围(15±10)°],才能够对患者股骨头更好的包容,降低脱位的概率,使得关节屈伸活动更加安全。
中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:人工关节;骨植入物;脊柱骨折;内固定;数字化骨科;组织工程

关键词: 骨科植入物, 人工假体, 全髋关节置换, 臼杯, 外展角, 前倾角, 安全角度, 脱位, 并发症, 关节屈伸, 活动度, 三维定向监测

Abstract:

BACKGROUND: Major complication after total hip replacement was instability in the form of dislocation. The probability of above complications has a great relationship with the mistakes of the angle of acetabular cup prosthesis.
OBJECTIVE: To explore the influence of angle of acetabular cup in total hip replacement on the safety of joint flexion and extension.
METHODS: A total of 60 patients, who underwent total hip replacement in the Wujin Hospital Affiliated to Jiangsu University from January 2012 to December 2014, were enrolled in this study. Three dimensional directional monitoring device, CT scanning and image processing tools were used to preset the angle of the acetabular cup and to set abduction angle and anteversion angle. Test data were recorded and subjected to statistical analysis.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Acetabular cup was implanted under five different conditions: abduction angle
45°, anteversion angle 15°; abduction angle 60°, anteversion angle 15°; abduction angle 30°, anteversion angle 15°; abduction angle 45°, anteversion angle 5°; abduction angle 45°, anteversion angle 25°. According to statistics, in the patients with anteversion angle of 15°, when the acetabular cup was placed, the bigger the abduction angle, the bigger the range of abduction angle of the acetabular cup induced by pelvic tilt was. If the anteversion angle increased, the anteversion angle of the acetabular cup was reduced. With the increased pelvic tilt angle, the anteversion angle of the acetabular cup was big. Moreover, in patients with anteversion angle of 15°, the anteversion angle of the acetabular cup should keep consistent. When the abduction angle of the acetabular cup increased, the range of anteversion angle of the acetabular cup induced by pelvic tilt was diminished. These data showed that the abduction angle and anteversion angle of the acetabular cup have mutual restriction. When the acetabular cup was placed, big anteversion angle (15±10)° can wrap the femoral head, reduce the incidence of dislocation, and make flexion and extension safe. 
中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:人工关节;骨植入物;脊柱骨折;内固定;数字化骨科;组织工程

Key words: Arthroplasty, Replacement, Hip, Prosthesis Implantation, Dislocations, Tissue Engineering