中国组织工程研究

• 细胞与组织移植 cell and tissue transplantation • 上一篇    下一篇

跟腱移植物与不同大小骨隧道匹配重建前交叉韧带

杨  晓,王  跃,吕  波   

  1. 四川省人民医院,四川省成都市  610041
  • 收稿日期:2013-03-05 修回日期:2013-04-09 出版日期:2013-07-30 发布日期:2013-07-30
  • 通讯作者: 杨晓,硕士,四川省人民医院骨科,四川省成都市 610041 yangmed@126.com
  • 作者简介:杨晓★,男,1977年生,四川省成都市人,2006年四川大学华西临床医学院毕业,硕士,主治医师,主要从事膝关节运动损伤的研究。 yangmed@126.com

Achilles tendon graft matches with bone tunnel of different sizes for anterior
cruciate ligament reconstruction

Yang Xiao, Wang Yue, Lü Bo   

  1. Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital, Chengdu  610041, Sichuan Province, China
  • Received:2013-03-05 Revised:2013-04-09 Online:2013-07-30 Published:2013-07-30
  • Contact: Yang Xiao, Master, Attending physician, Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan Province, China yangmed@126.com
  • About author:Yang Xiao★, Master, Attending physician, Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan Province, China yangmed@126.com

摘要:

背景:前交叉韧带是维持膝关节稳定性的重要解剖结构,前交叉韧带重建后的腱骨愈合质量与临床功能康复一直备受关注。
目的:探讨在前交叉韧带重建术中采用相同直径的移植物与不同大小骨隧道相匹配,用组织学方法观察移植物肌腱与周围骨壁的愈合情况,同时用生物力学的方法检测其功能恢复情况。
方法:取犬自体中1/3跟腱作为前交叉韧带移植物,修整为相同直径4 mm。16只成年雄性杂交犬随机数字表法平均分配到4个组,完整切除前交叉韧带,于股骨和胫骨止点处分别制备胫骨、股骨隧道,直径分别为5,4.5,4,3.5 mm,并移植入待用跟腱链接于骨隧道内。重建后6周时,按常规麻醉处死实验犬,收集手术区域组织与器官,作解剖、苏木精-伊红染色组织学观察、生物力学检测及进行统计学分析。
结果与结论:前交叉韧带重建后6周,解剖观察移植物与骨隧道生长未见各组明显差异;苏木精-伊红染色发现腱骨愈合界面出现sharpey样纤维连接,3.5 mm骨隧道组胶原纤维较其他组致密有序;同时3.5 mm移植物生物力学检测结果优于同期各组。结果提示,在前交叉韧带重建中,减小与移植物匹配的骨隧道直径,使其肌腱与骨隧道之间紧密压配,能提供更加稳定的细胞生物学和力学环境,加快腱骨愈合界面的形成和改造,提高腱骨愈合质量。

关键词: 器官移植, 组织移植, 前交叉韧带, 骨隧道, 重建, 移植物, 骨隧道, 腱骨愈合

Abstract:

BACKGROUND: Anterior cruciate ligament is the important anatomic structure to maintain the knee joint stability. The tendon bone healing and clinical functional recovery after anterior cruciate ligament have attracted more attention.
OBJECTIVE: To observe the healing of graft tendon and surrounding bone with histological method through the same diameter grafts matching with the bone tunnel of different sizes in the anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction surgery, and to detect the functional recovery with biomechanics.
METHODS: Middle 1/3 of canine autologous tendon was selected as the anterior cruciate ligament graft, and then trimmed into the same diameter of 4 mm. Sixteen adult mongrel canine were randomly divided into four groups. The anterior cruciate ligament was resected completely, and the tibial and femoral tunnels were prepared on the end sites of tibia and femur with the diameters of 5, 4.5, 4 and 3.5 mm, then implanted into the tendon in prepared and linked into the bone tunnel. At 6 weeks after reconstruction, the experimental canine were sacrificed under general anesthesia to collect the tissue and organs in the surgical area. Then the hematoxylin-eosin staining, biomechanical testing and statistical analysis were performed.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: At 6 weeks after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction, anatomical observation showed that there were no significant differences in growth of grafts and bone tunnels between groups; hematoxylin-eosin staining showed sharpey-like fibronectin could be seen in the tendon bone healing surface, and the collagen fibers in the 3.5 mm bone tunnel group were more compact and regular than those in the other groups; the biomechanical testing results in the 3.5 mm bone tunnel group were better than those in the other groups. The results indicate that during anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction, decreasing the diameter of bone tunnel that matched with grafts in order to make the tendon and the bone tunnel closely matched can provide a more stable cell biological and mechanical environment, accelerate the formation and transformation of tendon-bone healing interface, and can improve the quality of tendon-bone healing.

Key words: organ transplantation, tissue transplantation, anterior cruciate ligament, bone tunnel, reconstruction, graft, bone tunnel, tendon-bone healing

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