中国组织工程研究

中国组织工程研究 ›› 2012, Vol. 16 ›› Issue (47): 8893-8898.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.2012.47.030

• 生物材料学术探讨 biomaterial academic discussion • 上一篇    下一篇

膝关节人工交叉韧带材料的运动力学特征及临床应用评价

王 燕   

  1. 河南理工大学体育学院人体科学实验室，河南省焦作市 454000
  • 收稿日期:2012-03-21 修回日期:2012-10-20 出版日期:2012-11-18 发布日期:2012-11-18
  • 作者简介:王燕★，女，1982年生，河南省焦作市人，2011年西安体育学院毕业，硕士，讲师，主要从事运动康复保健方面的研究。 xyhgyh@126.com

Clinical application and assessment of knee joint artificial cruciate ligament materials

Wang Yan   

  1. Heman Science Laboratory, Institute of Physical Education, Henan United University, Jiaozuo 454000, Henan Province, China
  • Received:2012-03-21 Revised:2012-10-20 Online:2012-11-18 Published:2012-11-18
  • About author:Wang Yan★, Master, Lecturer, Heman Science Laboratory, Institute of Physical Education, Henan United University, Jiaozuo 454000, Henan Province, China xyhgyh@126.com

PDF

595

被引次数

12

摘要：

背景：交叉韧带损伤是膝关节常见的运动损伤，可引起膝关节的疼痛和关节不稳，常伴有关节松弛、半月板损伤等症状出现。
目的：分析膝关节人工交叉韧带的特点以及在膝关节交叉韧带损伤治疗中的效果评价。
方法：膝关节交叉韧带发生断裂时，需要通过外科方法重建韧带功能，应用生物材料进行交叉韧带的重建，可以使患者获得较少的病废，并且允许患者膝关节在治疗后立即活动，有利于患者的康复。交叉韧带的移植材料包括自体韧带材料、同种异体韧带材料和人工韧带材料。
结果与结论：膝关节交叉韧带修复重建的自体材料有骨-髌腱-骨和半腱肌移植，骨-髌腱-骨移植的并发症较多，半腱肌与股薄肌腱取材后会影响关节的功能。异体韧带材料主要包括骨-髌腱-骨和股四头肌腱-骨，异体材料的不足之处是杀灭细菌和病毒不完全。人工交叉韧带材料分为永久性韧带材料、支架韧带材料和框架韧带材料，LARS人工韧带移植治疗交叉韧带损伤的疗效较为理想，与自体韧带移植的近期疗效相比，差异有显著性意义(P < 0.05)，与自体韧带移植的远期疗效比较无差异。无论是自体、同种异体还是人工韧带材料，每种材料都有各自的优缺点，需要根据患者的自身情况和病情来决定，人工韧带材料为交叉韧带移植提供了新的材料选择，随着生物材料学和生物医学工程学的发展，人工韧带材料一定会成为韧带材料的良好替代物。

关键词: 膝关节交叉韧带, 前交叉韧带, 后交叉韧带, 韧带损伤, 抽屉试验, 拉赫慢试验, 胫骨后沉实验, 聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯, 滑膜炎, 生物材料

Abstract:

BACKGROUND: Cruciate ligament injury is the common sports injuries of the knee joint which can cause the knee pain and instability, often accompanied by the joint relaxation, meniscus injury and other symptoms.
OBJECTIVE: To analyze the features of knee joint artificial cruciate ligament and to assess the effect in the treatment of cruciate ligament injury.
METHODS: When the knee joint cruciate ligament ruptured, surgical methods were needed to be reconstructed the ligament function with biomaterials. Reconstructed with biomaterials could make the patients suffer less disabilities, and allow the patients to have knee activities immediately after treatment, which conducive to the rehabilitation of patients. Cruciate ligament graft materials included autologous ligament material, allogeneic ligament material and artificial ligament material.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The autologous material used for the reconstruction and repairing of knee joint cruciate ligament includes bone-patellar tendon-bone and semitendinosus. But, bone-patellar tendon- bone graft has more complications, and drawing the materials of semitendinosus and gracilis tendon will affect the function of the joint. The allogeneic ligament material includes bone-patellar tendon-bone and quadriceps tendon-bone, and the shortage of the allogeneic material is the incompletely killing of bacteria and viruses. The artificial ligament material includes the permanent ligament material, stent ligament material and framework ligament material, and Ligament Advanced Reinforcement System artificial ligament transplantation has more satisfactory efficacy in the treatment of cruciate

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