中国组织工程研究 ›› 2018, Vol. 22 ›› Issue (3): 385-391.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.0035

• 骨与关节生物力学 bone and joint biomechanics • 上一篇    下一篇

模拟髋关节置换后股骨假体应力松弛的力学特性分析

王 刚1,李新颖2,张树泉3,李亚军4   

  1. 1内蒙古民族大学附属医院骨科,内蒙古自治区通辽市 028000;2吉林大学中日联谊医院超声科,吉林省长春市  1300313天津市南开医院骨科,天津市 300100;4吉林大学数学学院,吉林省长春市  130028
  • 出版日期:2018-01-28 发布日期:2018-01-28
  • 通讯作者: 张树泉,硕士,主治医师,天津市南开医院骨科,天津市 300100
  • 作者简介:王刚,男,1980年生,内蒙古自治区通辽市人,2015年内蒙古民族大学毕业,硕士,主治医师,主要从事骨科临床与生物力学方面的研究。
  • 基金资助:

    吉林省科技发展计划资助项目(20110492)

Stress relaxation mechanics characteristics of femoral prosthesis after simulating hip replacement

Wang Gang1, Li Xin-ying2, Zhang Shu-quan3, Li Ya-jun4   

  1. 1Department of Orthopedics, Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia University for the Nationalities, Tongliao 028000, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, China; 2Department of Ultrasound, China Japan Union Hospital, Jilin University, Changchun 130031, Jilin Province, China; 3Department of Orthopedics, Tianjin Nankai Hospital, Tianjin 300100, China; 4Mathematics School, Jilin University, Changchun 130028, Jilin Province, China
  • Online:2018-01-28 Published:2018-01-28
  • Contact: Zhang Shu-quan, Master, Attending physician, Department of Orthopedics, Tianjin Nankai Hospital, Tianjin 300100, China
  • About author:Wang Gang, Master, Attending physician, Department of Orthopedics, Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia University for the Nationalities, Tongliao 028000, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, China
  • Supported by:

    the Science and Technology Development Program of Jilin Province, No. 20110492

摘要:

文章快速阅读:

 
 

 

文题释义:
应力松弛:是骨组织为了适应人的生理需要而固有的力学特性,全髋关节置换假体主要置于松质骨中,必然会使股骨和骨髓受到损伤。全髋关节置换后股骨的应力松弛特性会发生改变,定量对比分析传统型假体置入股骨和保留股骨颈型解剖型假体置入股骨后的应力松弛力学特性具有重要的临床意义。
保留股骨颈型解剖型假体:全髋关节置换假体主要置于松质骨中,必然会使股骨和骨髓受到损伤,推断认为全髋关节置换后股骨的应力松弛特性会发生改变。传统型假体的置入股骨时需将股骨头、股骨颈去掉,挖除股骨截面远端的骨髓和松质骨,对松质骨和骨髓破坏较大,会对股骨的应力松弛特性造成较大影响。保留股骨颈型解剖型假体由于保留了股骨颈,对股骨髓腔内骨髓挖出的骨髓少,会对股骨的应力松弛特性造成影响小,但必须通过实验来验证。
 
摘要
背景:以往髋关节与髋关节置换生物力学研究多以假体置入后压缩、弯曲、扭转力学性能与假体置入后三维有限元力学分析居多,关于模拟假体置换股骨置入不同假体后的应力松弛特性研究鲜有报道。
目的:通过模拟髋关节置换后股骨的应力松弛实验,从流变学角度对临床髋关节置换后2种人工假体进行对比分析,为临床提供应力松弛特性参数。
方法:随机取8个股骨标本作为传统型假体置入组,将标本分别固定于操作平台上,于小转子上方1.5 cm处至股骨颈外侧大转子底部截骨,去掉股骨头和大部分股骨颈,挖除股骨截面远端的松质骨,由大转子侧向远端通髓腔,确定髓腔位置,用髓腔锤扩髓,清除内部的碎屑;另取8个股骨标本作为保留股骨颈解剖型假体置入组。分别将2组标本置于试验机工作台上以50%/min的应变增加速度进行实验,设定时间7 200 s,采集100个数据。
结果与结论:①已有报道正常股骨7 200 s应力松弛量为0.384 MPa,保留股骨颈解剖型假体组和传统型假体组7 200 s应力松弛量分别为0.379 MPa 和0.362 MPa,保留股骨颈解剖型假体固定组7 200 s应力松弛量大于传统假体固定组,差异有显著性意义(P < 0.05);②得出了2组标本的应力松弛数据,采用三参数模型建立了应力松弛方程,更有利于阐明不同假体置入股骨后的应力松弛特性;③结果表明,保留股骨颈假体固定组和传统假体固定组具有不同的应力松弛力学特性;保留股骨颈解剖型假体由于保留了股骨颈,对应力松弛力学特性影响较小。

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:人工关节;骨植入物;脊柱骨折;内固定;数字化骨科;组织工程
ORCID: 0000-0001-5457-4905(王刚)

关键词: 应力松弛, 髋关节置换, 流变特性, 骨科植入物, 人工假体

Abstract:

BACKGROUND: The previous biomechanical study of hip and hip replacement mostly analyzed the compressive, flexural and torsional mechanical properties and the three-dimensional finite element mechanics after prosthesis placement. There are few reports about the stress relaxation characteristics after femoral implant replacement.

OBJECTIVE: To compare and analyze two kinds of artificial prostheses after hip replacement from the angle of rheology by simulating femoral stress relaxation experiment so as to provide stress relaxation characteristics parameters. 
METHODS: Eight femoral samples were randomly selected as the conventional prosthesis group. The specimen was fixed to the operation platform. The specimens were taken from the part of 1.5 cm above trochanter minor to trochanter major. After removal of the femoral head and most of the femoral neck, cancellous bone distal to the femoral section was removed. Medullary cavity was dredged from the distal side of trochanter major to determine the position of medullary cavity. The medullary cavity hammer was used to expand the medullary cavity. The detritus inside was removed. An additional eight femoral specimens were randomly taken for femoral neck prosthesis group. Two groups of samples were placed on the workbench, and experiment was conducted at increased strain speed of 50%/min. The time was set at 7 200 s, and 100 data were collected.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) Stress relaxation amount was 0.384 MPa at 7 200 s in normal femur as previously reported. The stress relaxation amount was 0.379 MPa and 0.362 MPa in the conventional prosthesis group and femoral neck prosthesis group. The stress relaxation amount was significantly larger in the femoral neck prosthesis group than in the conventional prosthesis group at 7 200 s (P < 0.05). (2) Two groups of stress relaxation data were obtained and stress relaxation equation was established by three parameters of the model. It is conducive to clarify the stress relaxation characteristics of different implants into the femur. (3) Femoral neck prosthesis group and conventional prosthesis group have different stress relaxation mechanics. Due to the retention of the femoral neck, less impact was found on the stress relaxation mechanics.
 
中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:人工关节;骨植入物;脊柱骨折;内固定;数字化骨科;组织工程

Key words: Arthroplasty, Replacement, Hip, Stress, Mechanical, Prosthesis Implantation, Tissue Engineering

中图分类号: