中国组织工程研究 ›› 2026, Vol. 30 ›› Issue (25): 6472-6488.doi: 10.12307/2026.235

• 脊柱组织构建 spinal tissue construction • 上一篇    下一篇

整合蛋白质组学、转录组学分析补阳还五汤保护急性脊髓损伤模型大鼠的作用机制

王子奇1,2,卜献忠3,郭晓辉2,李寒曦2,钱煜昊1,王奕鑫1,卜保献2   

  1. 1湖南中医药大学,湖南省长沙市   410208;2河南省洛阳正骨医院(河南省骨科医院)脊柱五科,河南省洛阳市   471002;3河南中医药大学第一附属医院,河南省郑州市   450046
  • 收稿日期:2025-08-14 修回日期:2025-11-18 出版日期:2026-09-08 发布日期:2026-04-20
  • 通讯作者: 卜保献,博士,主任中医师,河南省洛阳正骨医院(河南省骨科医院),河南省洛阳市 471002
  • 作者简介:王子奇,男,1997年生,河南省郑州市人,汉族,湖南中医药大学在读硕士,主要从事脊柱相关疾病的临床研究。
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金项目(82405439),项目负责人:卜献忠;河南省洛阳市医学重点学科(洛卫科教[2022]2号),项目负责人:卜保献;博士科研启动基金项目(2023BJJ006),项目负责人:卜献忠

Integrated proteomics and transcriptomics analysis of the mechanism of Buyang Huanwu Tang in protecting the acute spinal cord injury rat model

Wang Ziqi1, 2, Bu Xianzhong3, Guo Xiaohui2, Li Hanxi2, Qian Yuhao1, Wang Yixin1, Bu Baoxian2   

  1. 1Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha 410208, Hunan Province, China; 2Department of Spine Surgery 5, Luoyang Orthopedic-Traumatological Hospital of Henan Province (Henan Provincial Orthopedic Hospital), Luoyang 471002, Henan Province, China; 3The First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou 450046, Henan Province, China
  • Received:2025-08-14 Revised:2025-11-18 Online:2026-09-08 Published:2026-04-20
  • Contact: Bu Baoxian, PhD, Chief traditional Chinese medicine practitioner, Department of Spine Surgery 5, Luoyang Orthopedic-Traumatological Hospital of Henan Province (Henan Provincial Orthopedic Hospital), Luoyang 471002, Henan Province, China
  • About author:Wang Ziqi, MS candidate, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha 410208, Hunan Province, China; Department of Spine Surgery 5, Luoyang Orthopedic-Traumatological Hospital of Henan Province (Henan Provincial Orthopedic Hospital), Luoyang 471002, Henan Province, China
  • Supported by:
    National Natural Science Foundation of China, No. 82405439 (to BXZ); Medical Key Discipline of Luoyang, Henan Province, No. Luoweikejiao [2022]2 (to BBX); Doctoral Research Initiation Fund Project, No. 2023BJJ006 (to BXZ)

摘要:


文题释义:
蛋白质组学:是一种大规模水平上研究蛋白、了解蛋白的方法,包括蛋白质的表达水平、翻译后的修饰、蛋白与蛋白相互作用等,由此获得蛋白质水平上的关于疾病发生、细胞代谢等过程的整体而全面的认识。
转录组学:转录组是指能够编码蛋白质的RNA集合,转录组学是解析基因组功能、揭示细胞及分子机制研究基因的关键手段。能够对样本中的RNA进行同步检测与分析及分子标记的筛选,从而深入探索其潜在的调控网络机制,并揭示转录过程中的关键问题。
补阳还五汤:出自清代王清任《医林改错》,以补气、活血、通络为主要功效,由黄芪、当归尾、赤芍、地龙、川芎、红花、桃仁构成,广泛应用于骨科疾病、气虚血瘀型中风后遗症疾病等,并在脊髓损伤治疗中取得了良好的疗效。

背景:研究表明补阳还五汤对脊髓损伤症状的改善和脊髓功能恢复有积极治疗作用,但其治疗通路尚不明确。脊髓组织中存在大量可作为疾病标志物的蛋白质或多肽。
目的:探讨补阳还五汤通过调控蛋白质组与转录组学相关通路对急性脊髓损伤大鼠模型的保护机制。
方法:将36只SD大鼠随机分为空白组、模型组和补阳还五汤组,后2组采用Allen’s改良法建立急性脊髓损伤大鼠模型。通过BBB评分评估运动功能恢复,尼氏染色观察病理形态,同位素相对标记与绝对定量技术蛋白质组学与RNA-seq转录组学筛选差异蛋白及基因进行GO富集分析和KEGG通路分析,通过与STRING互作网络数据库构建PPI网络,寻找关键通路,并通过Western blot、免疫组化和RT-PCR验证核心靶点。
结果与结论:①运动学评分:与空白组对比,模型组大鼠下肢BBB运动评分明显较低(P < 0.001),斜板试验倾斜角度明显较小(P < 0.001);与模型组对比,补阳还五汤组大鼠下肢BBB运动评分较高(P < 0.05);斜板试验倾斜角度明显较大(P < 0.001)。病理形态学观察:空白组可见形态结构相对正常的神经元细胞,细胞结构完整,间隙正常,可见清晰的核仁核膜;模型组细胞坏死严重,结构紊乱,细胞核固缩,大部分核仁、核膜消失,存在大量组织空洞,有炎性细胞浸润;补阳还五汤组可见形态不规则、结构相对完整的神经元细胞,肿胀较轻,组织空洞和细胞坏死减少。②从GO功能注释和KEEG信号通路注释分析结果可知,差异蛋白质主要富集到急性期反应、蛋白质激活级联调节过程的调节、急性炎症反应的调节、血小板α颗粒、血液微粒、囊泡腔、丝氨酸型内肽酶抑制剂活性等分子功能,参与了map04142溶酶体、map04612抗原处理和呈递、map03013核质运输、map04964近端小管碳酸氢盐回收、map04610补体和凝血级联、ap00511其他聚糖降解、地图03040拼接体、map03410基底切除修复、map00531糖胺聚糖降解、冠状病毒病−COVID−19通路等信号通路;经过PPI构建,共分析出FGG、FN1、FGB、HSP90B1、CASP3等20个核心差异蛋白,FGG、FN1、FGB、CXCL1、CXCL13等20个核心差异基因。③Western blot检测表明补阳还五汤能够抑制脊髓组织中髓样分化因子88与P-IKBα蛋白的表达;免疫组化检测表明补阳还五汤能够抑制脊髓组织中BAX、Caspase-3蛋白的表达,促进BCL-2蛋白表达,抑制细胞凋亡;RT-PCR结果表明补阳还五汤能够抑制脊髓组织中髓样分化因子88、CXCL1的表达。上述结果提示,补阳还五汤可能通过抑制Toll样受体4/髓样分化因子88/核因子κB通路减轻炎症反应,通过调控BAX/BCL-2平衡,抑制Caspase-3表达阻止凋亡,从而保护脊髓组织。
https://orcid.org/0009-0003-8366-8849 (王子奇) 


中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:干细胞;骨髓干细胞;造血干细胞;脂肪干细胞;肿瘤干细胞;胚胎干细胞;脐带脐血干细胞;干细胞诱导;干细胞分化;组织工程

关键词: 补阳还五汤, 急性脊髓损伤, 蛋白质组学, 转录组学

Abstract: BACKGROUND: Research indicates that Buyang Huanwu Tang has positive therapeutic effects on the spinal cord injury symptoms and spinal cord function recovery, although its therapeutic mechanisms remain unclear. Spinal cord tissue contains numerous proteins and peptides that may serve as disease biomarkers.
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the protective mechanism of Buyang Huanwu Tang in an acute spinal cord injury rat model by regulating proteomic- and transcriptomic-related pathways.
METHODS: Thirty-six Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into control, model, and Buyang Huanwu Tang groups. An acute spinal cord injury model was established in the latter two groups using Allen's modified method. Motor function recovery was evaluated using the Basso-Beattie-Bresnahan score. Histopathology was examined via Nissl staining. Differentially expressed proteins and genes were screened using isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantitation proteomics and RNA sequencing transcriptomics. Gene Ontology enrichment analysis, and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway analysis, and protein-protein interaction network constructed with Search Tool for the Retrieval of Interacting Genes/Proteins interaction network database were employed to identify key pathways, and core targets were validated through Western blot, immunohistochemistry, and real-time polymerase chain reaction.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) Motor score: Compared with the blank group, rats in the model group exhibited significantly lower Basso-Beattie-Bresnahan motor scores in the hindlimbs (P < 0.001) and markedly smaller inclined angles in the inclined plane test (P < 0.001). Compared with the model group, rats in the Buyang Huanwu Tang group showed higher Basso-Beattie-Bresnahan motor scores in the hindlimbs (P < 0.05). and significantly larger incline angle in the inclined plane test (P < 0.001). Pathological morphological observations: The control group exhibited relatively normal neuronal morphology with intact cellular structures, normal intercellular spaces, and clearly visible nucleoli and nuclear membranes. The model group showed severe cellular necrosis, disorganized structures, condensed nuclei, and loss of most nucleoli and nuclear membranes, along with extensive tissue cavities and inflammatory cell infiltration. The Buyang Huanwu Tang group exhibited irregularly shaped but relatively intact neuronal cells with mild swelling, reduced tissue cavities, and decreased cellular necrosis. (2) Gene Ontology functional annotation and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes signaling pathway annotation results revealed that differentially expressed proteins primarily participated in the regulation of acute phase response, protein activation cascade, and acute inflammatory response, and the molecular function of platelet alpha granule, blood microparticle, vacuolar lumen, serine propeptidase inhibitor activity, etc, and participated in the map04142 lysosome, map04612 antigen processing and presentation, map03013 nucleocytoplasmic transport, map04964 proximal tubule bicarbonate reclamation, map04610 complement and coagulation cascades, map00511 other glycan degradation, map03040 spliceosome, map03410 base excision repair, map00531 glycosaminoglycan degradation, and the coronavirus disease-COVID-19 pathways. The protein-protein interaction analysis showed 20 hub differentially expressed proteins, including FGG, FN1, FGB, HSP90B1, and CASP3, and 20 core differentially expressed genes, including FGG, FN1, FGB, CXCL1, and CXCL13, were identified. (3) Western blot analysis demonstrated that Buyang Huanwu Tang inhibits the protein expression of myeloid differentiation primary response protein 88 and phosphor-I-kappa-B-alpha in spinal cord tissue. Immunohistochemical analysis demonstrated that Buyang Huanwu Tang suppresses BAX and Caspase-3 protein expression while promoting BCL-2 protein expression in spinal cord tissue, thereby inhibiting apoptosis. Real-time polymerase chain reaction results indicated that Buyang Huanwu Tang suppresses the mRNA expression of myeloid differentiation primary response protein 88 and C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 1 in spinal cord tissue. Taken together, these findings suggest that Buyang Huanwu Tang may protect spinal cord tissue by reducing the inflammatory response through the inhibition of the Toll-like receptor 4/myeloid differentiation primary response protein 88/nuclear factor-kappa B pathway, and by preventing apoptosis via regulation of the BAX/BCL-2 balance and suppression of Caspase-3 expression.  

Key words: Buyang Huanwu Tang, acute spinal cord injury, proteomics, transcriptomics

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