中国组织工程研究 ›› 2024, Vol. 28 ›› Issue (27): 4273-4280.doi: 10.12307/2024.548

• 组织构建实验造模 experimental modeling in tissue construction • 上一篇    下一篇

肾虚血瘀型SD大鼠膝骨关节炎模型的建立与验证

杨  程1,2,李玉生1,2,焦泓焯1,2,尚  曼3,刘  琪1,2,李林臻1,2,樊方阳1,2,张成龙1,2,张晓宇1,2,张君涛1,2   

  1. 1天津中医药大学第一附属医院,天津市  300381;2国家中医针灸临床医学研究中心,天津市  300381;3天津医科大学基础医学院,天津市  300193
  • 收稿日期:2023-09-07 接受日期:2023-10-30 出版日期:2024-09-28 发布日期:2024-01-26
  • 通讯作者: 张君涛,博士,硕士生导师,主任医师,天津中医药大学第一附属医院,天津市 300381;国家中医针灸临床医学研究中心,天津市 300381
  • 作者简介:杨程,男,1995年生,天津中医药大学在读硕士,主要从事中医骨关节疾病方面的研究。
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金项目(82074470),项目负责人:张君涛

Establishment and validation of the Sprague-Dawley rat model of osteoarthritis with kidney deficiency and blood stagnation

Yang Cheng1, 2, Li Yusheng1, 2, Jiao Hongzhuo1, 2, Shang Man3, Liu Qi1, 2, Li Linzhen1, 2, Fan Fangyang1, 2, Zhang Chenglong1, 2, Zhang Xiaoyu1, 2, Zhang Juntao1, 2   

  1. 1The First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 300381, China; 2National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Tianjin 300381, China; 3School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300193, China
  • Received:2023-09-07 Accepted:2023-10-30 Online:2024-09-28 Published:2024-01-26
  • Contact: Zhang Juntao, MD, Master’s supervisor, Chief physician, The First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 300381, China; National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Tianjin 300381, China
  • About author:Yang Cheng, Master candidate, The First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 300381, China; National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Tianjin 300381, China
  • Supported by:
    the National Natural Science Foundation of China, No. 82074470 (to ZJT)

摘要:


文题释义:

肾虚血瘀:“肾虚血瘀证”作为中医理论中的重要证候之一,其中包含“肾虚”和“血瘀”2个病机,肾虚指天癸竭至、肾气亏虚,血瘀指瘀血阻滞气血经络;二者相互兼容、互相影响,肾气虚弱致使骨髓失养,日久而致气血不畅,致使瘀血生成阻滞气机,最终形成肾虚血瘀。肾虚血瘀是膝骨关节炎的常见证候。
膝骨关节炎:是一种膝骨关节退行性疾病。临床表现为膝关节疼痛、肿胀、活动受限甚至畸形等,病理学改变以软骨损伤为主,是临床常见的致畸性疾病。


背景:肾虚血瘀证候作为膝骨关节炎常见中医证候,又是膝骨关节炎的基本病机,二者之间有着重要联系。但肾虚血瘀证候如何促进膝关节软骨损伤及其潜在机制并不明确,还需进一步研究。

目的:探讨肾虚血瘀证候对SD大鼠膝骨关节炎进程的影响。
方法:将16只SD大鼠随机分为模型观察组和对照组,每组8只。模型观察组采用卵巢摘除方法建立肾虚模型,2个月后采用改良HULTH手术进行膝骨关节炎造模,HULTH手术后1周皮下注射盐酸肾上腺素进行血瘀造模;对照组给予卵巢摘除假手术,改良HULTH手术,皮下注射生理盐水。HULTH手术后第5周,检测血液流变学、凝血四项、三碘甲状腺原氨酸、四碘甲状腺原氨酸及雌二醇水平;同时,拍摄膝关节X射线片,进行膝关节苏木精-伊红染色、番红-固绿染色和免疫组化染色。

结果与结论:①与对照组相比,模型观察组全血黏度低切、中切、高切和血浆黏度显著升高,凝血四项中纤维蛋白原水平显著升高,凝血酶原时间和活化部分凝血活酶时间显著下降;三碘甲状腺原氨酸、四碘甲状腺原氨酸及雌二醇水平均显著下降;②影像学结果显示模型观察组大鼠膝关节间隙狭窄程度更严重且表面欠光滑,出现高密度影;③苏木精-伊红染色和番红-固绿染色表明,模型观察组大鼠软骨损伤更严重,并且OARSI评分和Mankin评分明显高于对照组;④免疫组化染色结果显示,相较于对照组,模型观察组大鼠软骨外基质Ⅱ型胶原、聚集蛋白聚糖蛋白表达显著下降,炎症因子基质金属蛋白酶13、解聚蛋白样金属蛋白酶5蛋白表达显著升高。结果表明,该研究成功建立了SD大鼠肾虚血瘀型膝骨关节炎模型;肾虚血瘀证候通过促进炎症因子表达进一步加重软骨外基质裂解和软骨退变,促进大鼠膝骨关节炎进程。

https://orcid.org/0009-0000-9450-6747(杨程)

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:组织构建;骨细胞;软骨细胞;细胞培养;成纤维细胞;血管内皮细胞;骨质疏松;组织工程

关键词: 膝骨关节炎, 肾虚血瘀, 卵巢摘除, 改良HULTH术, 肾上腺素, 炎症, 软骨退化, SD大鼠

Abstract: BACKGROUND: Kidney deficiency and blood stasis syndrome are common traditional Chinese medicine syndromes observed in knee osteoarthritis, which serve as fundamental pathogenesis factors. There exists a significant connection between the two. Previous studies have demonstrated that kidney deficiency and blood stasis syndrome effectively contribute to knee joint cartilage degeneration and the progression of knee osteoarthritis. However, the mechanisms underlying the promotion of knee joint cartilage damage remain unclear and require further investigation. 
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the influence of kidney deficiency and blood stasis syndrome on the progression of knee osteoarthritis in Sprague-Dawley rats. 
METHODS: Sixteen Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into two groups: a model observation group and a control group, with eight rats in each group. Animal models of kidney deficiency were induced by ovary removal in the model observation group, while the control group was given a sham procedure for ovarian removal. Two months after modeling, both groups underwent modified HULTH surgery to induce knee osteoarthritis. One week after modified HULTH surgery, the model observation group was subcutaneously given adrenaline hydrochloride to make blood stasis models, while the control group was subcutaneously given normal saline. At the 5th week after modified HULTH surgery, blood rheology, coagulation parameters, triiodothyronine, tetraiodothyronine, and estradiol levels were measured. Knee joint X-ray images were taken, and knee joint sections were stained with safranin O-fast green, hematoxylin-eosin, and immunohistochemistry. 
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Compared with the control group, the model observation group exhibited significant increases in whole blood viscosity at low, medium, and high shear rates, as well as increased plasma viscosity. Fibronectin levels in the coagulation parameters were significantly increased, while prothrombin time and activated partial thromboplastin time were significantly decreased. Triiodothyronine, tetraiodothyronine, and estradiol levels were all significantly decreased. Radiographic results showed that the model observation group exhibited more severe degree of knee joint space narrowing and surface roughness, with the appearance of high-density shadows. Hematoxylin-eosin and safranin O-fast green staining demonstrated more severe cartilage damage in the model observation group, with significantly higher OARSI and Mankin scores compared with the control group. Compared with the control group, immunohistochemistry results showed a significant reduction in the expression of extracellular matrix type II collagen and aggrecan protein in the cartilage of the model observation group rats. Moreover, there was a significant increase in the expression of matrix metalloproteinase 13 and aggrecanase 5, which are inflammatory factors. These results indicate that the Sprague-Dawley rat model of knee osteoarthritis with kidney deficiency and blood stasis was successfully established. Kidney deficiency and blood stasis syndrome further aggravate cartilage extracellular matrix degradation and cartilage degeneration by promoting the expression of inflammatory factors, thereby promoting the progression of knee osteoarthritis in rats.

Key words: knee osteoarthritis, kidney deficiency and blood stasis, ovariectomy, modified HULTH procedure, adrenaline, inflammation, cartilage degradation, Sprague-Dawley rat

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