中国组织工程研究 ›› 2024, Vol. 28 ›› Issue (8): 1161-1167.doi: 10.12307/2023.871

• 肌肉肌腱韧带组织构建 tissue construction of the muscle, tendon and ligament • 上一篇    下一篇

第三趾趾深屈肌腱Ⅱ区损伤模型肌腱粘连的功能锻炼

程  杰1,王继宏2,张  沛3   

  1. 内蒙古医科大学第二附属医院,1创伤外科中心C区,2手足显微外科中心B区,3脊柱外科中心A区,内蒙古自治区呼和浩特市  010030
  • 收稿日期:2022-10-26 接受日期:2022-12-24 出版日期:2024-03-18 发布日期:2023-07-18
  • 通讯作者: 张沛,硕士,主任医师,教授,内蒙古医科大学第二附属医院脊柱外科中心A区,内蒙古自治区呼和浩特市 010030
  • 作者简介:程杰,男,1983年生,山东省菏泽市人,汉族,硕士,副主任医师,主要从事四肢创伤外科研究。
  • 基金资助:
    内蒙古医科大学科技百万工程联合项目(YKD2018KJBW(LH)012),项目负责人:程杰;内蒙古自治区高等学校科学研究项目(NJZY22673),项目负责人:程杰

Functional exercise for tendon adhesion in a model of deep flexor tendon II injury of the third toe

Cheng Jie1, Wang Jihong2, Zhang Pei3   

  1. 1Department of Trauma Area C, 2Department of Hand and Foot Microsurgery Area B, 3Department of Spinal Surgery Area A, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot 010030, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, China
  • Received:2022-10-26 Accepted:2022-12-24 Online:2024-03-18 Published:2023-07-18
  • Contact: Zhang Pei, Master, Chief physician, Professor, Department of Spinal Surgery Area A, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot 010030, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, China
  • About author:Cheng Jie, Master, Associate chief physician, Department of Trauma Area C, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot 010030, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, China
  • Supported by:
    Science and Technology Million Joint Project of Inner Mongolia Medical University, No. YKD2018KJBW(LH)012 (to CJ); Scientific Research Project of Higher Education Institutions in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, No. NJZY22673 (to CJ)

摘要:


文题释义:

改良津下缝合法:将套圈缝合线于肌腱的一侧距断端1 cm处横行进针,再将针由线圈处套入后抽紧,在附近穿入肌腱,穿过两侧的肌腱断面,在另一侧距肌腱断端0.8 cm穿出,在出针点附近横行进针并随即出针,出针后不拉紧缝线,再将针由从肌腱断端0.8 cm处穿出的缝线下面绕过并拉紧,使二线交叉后形成“+”字形状,在“+”字附近进针,在距肌腱断端1 cm处穿出,肌腱断端靠拢后将缝线抽紧,将套圈线剪断一条线后,将带针线经肌腱穿出后与断端的另一条线打结。肌腱横轴的另一侧以同样步骤操作,使两根缝线位于肌腱内且将肌腱的宽度3等分。 
肌腱组织胶原纤维:肌腱组织中最主要的是肌腱细胞,其细胞外基质主要是胶原纤维,在含量上Ⅰ型和Ⅲ型胶原纤维最多,Ⅰ型胶原主要是维持正常肌腱的功能,Ⅲ型胶原主要存在于病变的肌腱和正常的腱鞘中。


背景:前期研究显示,改良津下缝合法可用于修复鸡肌腱损伤,由于未进行修复后的功能锻炼,使得肌腱出现较明显的粘连,体现了肌腱修复术后进行功能锻炼的重要性。

目的:探讨预防改良津下缝合法修复鸡屈趾肌腱断裂模型肌腱粘连被动功能锻炼的方案。
方法:取10月龄三黄鸡100只,建立右足第三趾Ⅱ区趾深屈肌腱断裂模型后,采用随机数字表法分为5组,每组20只:A组术后石膏固定3周,并且每天给予1次的被动功能锻炼,连续3周;B组术后石膏固定3周,并且每天给予2次的被动功能锻炼,连续3周;C组术后石膏固定3周,并且每天给予3次的被动功能锻炼,连续3周;D组术后石膏固定3周;E组不进行石膏固定也不进行被动功能锻炼。3周后,观察鸡爪的大体形态、肌腱吻合端的形态及腱周粘连程度,检测第三趾屈趾深肌腱滑移距离和所有关节的屈曲角度、肌腱吻合端病理形态和羟脯氨酸含量。

结果与结论:①E组肌腱在术后6 d左右完全断裂,从实验中剔除;B、C组鸡爪有较好的抓握形态,D组鸡爪几乎无抓握形态,A组鸡爪抓握形态差于B、C组;②B、C组肌腱吻合端膨大不明显,质地和正常腱性组织差别不大,相对于C组,B组肌腱粘连程度相对轻;D组肌腱吻合端膨大明显,质地较硬,腱周组织瘢痕明显,粘连程度重;A组的表现介于B、C组和D组之间;③B、C组鸡第三趾屈趾深肌腱滑移距离和所有关节的屈曲角度均优于A、D组(P < 0.05),B组鸡肌腱中羟脯氨酸含量高于A、C、D组(P < 0.05);④苏木精-伊红与天狼星红染色显示,A、C、B组肌腱胶原纤维排列逐渐有方向性,鲜红粗大的Ⅰ型胶原纤维逐渐增多,绿色细小的Ⅲ型胶原纤维逐渐减少;E组肌腱胶原纤维排列方向性差,Ⅰ型和Ⅲ型胶原纤维交叉分布;⑤结果表明,改良津下缝合法修复鸡屈趾肌腱断裂模型术后,每天2次充分的被动功能锻炼既能有效减轻肌腱粘连又能减少肌腱断裂的发生。

https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8051-7584(程杰)

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:组织构建;骨细胞;软骨细胞;细胞培养;成纤维细胞;血管内皮细胞;骨质疏松;组织工程

关键词: 腱损伤, 动物实验, 肌腱粘连, 被动功能锻炼, 趾深屈肌腱, 石膏固定

Abstract: BACKGROUND: Previous studies have shown that the modified Tsuge suture method can be used to repair chicken tendon injuries. However, the lack of post-repair functional exercise leads to obvious tendon adhesions. Therefore, a functional exercise after tendon repair is very important.
OBJECTIVE: To explore a scheme for passive functional exercise against tendon adhesion in a chicken model of flexor toe tendon rupture following repair using the modified Tsuge suture method.
METHODS: A total of 100 Sanhuang chickens, 10 months of age, were taken to make animal models of deep flexor tendon II rupture of the third toe of the right foot. Animal models were randomized into five groups (n=20 per group): groups A, B, C and D were given plaster immobilization for 3 weeks after surgery, and were simultaneously given passive functional exercise 1, 2, 3, and 0 times a day for 3 weeks, respectively; group E had  neither plaster immobilization nor passive functional exercise after surgery. The gross morphology of the chicken claw, the morphology of the tendon anastomosis end and the degree of peritendinous adhesion were observed. The slipping distance of the deep flexor tendon of the third toe, the flexion angles of all joints, the pathological morphology of the tendon at the anastomotic end and the hydroxyproline content were measured. 
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The tendon of group E was completely ruptured around 6 day after surgery and was removed from the experiment. The chicken claws in groups B and C had better grasping morphology, group D had almost no grasping morphology, and group A had worse grasping morphology than groups B and C. In groups B and C, the tendon anastomosis end was not obviously expanded, with the texture similar to that of normal tendon tissue. Compared with group C, tendon adhesion was relatively mild in group B. In group D, the tendon anastomosis end was obviously expanded, with the hard texture, obvious peritendinous scar and serious adhesion. Expansion at the tendon anastomosis end was more obvious than groups B and C but less severe than group D. The slipping distance and the related flexion angles of the deep flexor tendon of the third toe were better in groups B and C than groups A and D (P < 0.05). The content of hydroxyproline in the tendon of chickens in group B was higher than those in groups A, C and D (P < 0.05). Findings from hematoxylin-eosin and Sirius red staining showed that collagen fibers of the tendon in groups A, C and B were gradually arranged in a directional manner, where the number of bright red and thick type I collagen fibers was gradually increased and the number of tiny green type III collagen fibers was gradually decreased. In group E, collagen fibers of the tendon were poorly arranged in a directional manner and type I and type III collagen fibers were cross-distributed. To conclude, adequate passive functional exercises twice a day following repair with the modified Tsuge suture method could effectively alleviate tendon adhesion and reduce tendon rupture in the chicken model of deep flexor tendon rupture.

Key words: tendon injury, animal experiment, tendon adhesion, passive functional exercise, deep flexor tendon, plaster immobilization

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