中国组织工程研究 ›› 2022, Vol. 26 ›› Issue (27): 4379-4385.doi: 10.12307/2022.871

• 生物材料综述 biomaterial review • 上一篇    下一篇

基于DNA水凝胶药物输送及在骨组织工程研究中的应用

高  昭1,赵宇昊1,何易祥1,赵海燕2,王文己2   

  1. 1兰州大学第一临床医学院,甘肃省兰州市 730000;2兰州大学第一医院骨科,甘肃省兰州市 730000
  • 收稿日期:2021-03-29 接受日期:2021-05-08 出版日期:2022-09-28 发布日期:2022-03-12
  • 通讯作者: 王文己,教授,主任医师,硕士生导师,兰州大学第一医院骨科,甘肃省兰州市 730000
  • 作者简介:高昭,男,1995年生,甘肃省定西市人,汉族,兰州大学在读硕士。
  • 基金资助:
    兰州市人才创新创业项目的基金项目(2020-RC-45),项目负责人:赵海燕

DNA hydrogel based on drug delivery and bone tissue engineering

Gao Zhao1, Zhao Yuhao1, He Yixiang1, Zhao Haiyan2, Wang Wenji2   

  1. 1First Clinical Medical College of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, Gansu Province, China; 2Department of Orthopedics, First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, Gansu Province, China
  • Received:2021-03-29 Accepted:2021-05-08 Online:2022-09-28 Published:2022-03-12
  • Contact: Wang Wenji, Professor, Chief physician, Master’s supervisor, Department of Orthopedics, First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, Gansu Province, China
  • About author:Gao Zhao, Master candidate, First Clinical Medical College of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, Gansu Province, China
  • Supported by:
    Fund Project of Lanzhou Talent Innovation and Entrepreneurship Project, No. 2020-RC-45 (to ZHY)

摘要:

文题释义:
DNA水凝胶:是一种依靠Watson-Crick碱基配对形成大规模可编程三维纳米DNA组分网络的自组装生物材料。
DNA水凝胶临床应用的价值:DNA水凝胶作为各种给药系统的载体具有很大的优势,它除了实现药物的原位包裹外,还可以建立与靶区的分子识别,提高细胞转染效率,保护生物分子不被降解,减少非特异性分布,整合多种成分以实现协同治疗。

背景:DNA水凝胶因其具有多种优良特性而得到了广泛研究,而其为药物输送和骨组织工程的发展提供了良好的平台,同时提供了新的研究发展思路。 
目的:对几种特殊类型的DNA水凝胶、基于DNA水凝胶的药物输送以及骨组织工程的目前发展及未来前景进行综述。 
方法:应用计算机在PubMed、Web of Science、Medline、中国知网和万方数据库检索涉及DNA水凝胶的药物输送和骨组织工程的相关研究,英文检索词为“DNA hydrogel,drug delivery,bone defect,osteogenic differentiation,osteogenic factor”,中文检索词包括“DNA水凝胶、药物输送、基因治疗、应用、细胞培养、骨缺损、成骨分化、成骨因子”,检索时间为2021年1月至4月,主要检索DNA水凝胶的类型,及其在药物输送以及骨组织工程的应用文献。
结果与结论:①DNA水凝胶是由交联的DNA链组成的亲水性聚合物网络,作为一种新型的生物大分子功能材料,其易于合成和修饰、序列可编程性,具有亲水性、刺激响应性、生物相容性、生物降解性、以及分子识别和结合、高包封率等特性。②目前纯化和杂化DNA水凝胶的制备方法多样化,其可以实现一般药物的靶向输送治疗,通过DNA结构如非甲基化的胞嘧啶-磷酸-鸟嘌呤二核苷酸的设计,可以实现免疫治疗。③DNA水凝胶作为反义单链核苷酸分子的良好载体,可以应用于基因治疗。④DNA水凝胶可以作为骨组织工程的三维细胞培养场所,其通过携带骨髓间充质干细胞以及成骨促进因子,促进骨形成以及骨组织血管化。

https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4422-915X(高昭)

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:生物材料;骨生物材料;口腔生物材料;纳米材料;缓释材料;材料相容性;组织工程

关键词: 骨, 骨缺损, DNA水凝胶, 药物输送, 基因治疗, 细胞培养, 成骨分化, 成骨因子, 靶向

Abstract: BACKGROUND: DNA hydrogel has been widely studied because of its many excellent properties, and it provides a good platform for the development of drug delivery and bone tissue engineering, as well as new research and development ideas.
OBJECTIVE: To review several special types of DNA hydrogels, drug delivery based on DNA hydrogels, and the current development and future prospects of bone tissue engineering. 
METHODS: A computer-based online search of PubMed, Web of Science, Medline, CNKI and Wanfang databases was performed to retrieve articles regarding DNA Hydrogel based on drug delivery and bone tissue engineering published between January and April 2021 with the search terms of “DNA hydrogel, drug delivery, bone defect, osteogenic differentiation, osteogenic factor”. The types of DNA hydrogels and their applications in drug delivery and bone tissue engineering were retrieved. 
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) DNA hydrogel is a hydrophilic polymer network composed of cross-linked DNA chains. As a new type of biological material, it is easy to synthesize and modify sequence programmability, hydrophilicity, stimulus response, biocompatibility, biodegradability, molecular recognition and binding, high entrapment efficiency and so on. (2) At present, the preparation methods of purified and hybrid DNA hydrogels are diversified, which can achieve the targeted delivery of general drugs. Immunotherapy can be achieved through the design of DNA structures such as unmethylated cytosine-phosphate-guanine dinucleotides. (3) As a good carrier of antisense single-stranded nucleotides, DNA hydrogel can be used in gene therapy. (4) In the field of bone tissue engineering, DNA hydrogel can be used as a three-dimensional cell culture site for cell culture. It can promote bone formation and bone tissue vascularization by carrying bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells and osteogenic promoting factor.

Key words: bone, bone defect, DNA hydrogel, drug delivery, gene therapy, cell culture, osteogenic differentiation, osteogenic factor, target

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