中国组织工程研究 ›› 2022, Vol. 26 ›› Issue (21): 3429-3434.doi: 10.12307/2022.655

• 生物材料综述 biomaterial review • 上一篇    下一篇

聚氨酯材料在骨质疏松性骨缺损修复中的应用

王  路,李丽梅,李  庆,杨洪财,蓝晓倩,胡应瑞   

  1. 昆明医科大学科技成果孵化中心,云南省昆明市  650500
  • 收稿日期:2021-03-23 修回日期:2021-03-24 接受日期:2021-05-30 出版日期:2022-07-28 发布日期:2022-01-28
  • 通讯作者: 李丽梅,副教授,昆明医科大学科技成果孵化中心,云南省昆明市 650500
  • 作者简介:王路,女,1997年生,吉林省大安市人,汉族, 昆明医科大学在读硕士,主要从事骨质疏松研究。

Application of polyurethane materials in the repair of osteoporotic bone defects

Wang Lu, Li Limei, Li Qing, Yang Hongcai, Lan Xiaoqian, Hu Yingrui   

  1. Center for Science and Technology Achievement Incubation, Kunming Medical University, Kunming 650500, Yunnan Province, China
  • Received:2021-03-23 Revised:2021-03-24 Accepted:2021-05-30 Online:2022-07-28 Published:2022-01-28
  • Contact: Li Limei, Associate professor, Center for Science and Technology Achievement Incubation, Kunming Medical University, Kunming 650500, Yunnan Province, China
  • About author:Wang Lu, Master candidate, Center for Science and Technology Achievement Incubation, Kunming Medical University, Kunming 650500, Yunnan Province, China

摘要:

文题释义:
聚氨酯:主要由异氰酸酯和具活性功能团的聚醚和聚酯多元醇反应生成,其中根据多元醇链的长短不同可以得到不同降解速度的聚氨酯,且聚酯型降解速率高于聚醚型,以用于治疗骨质疏松所引起的不同程度骨质缺损。

背景:聚氨酯支架材料作为骨组织工程的基本框架并具有良好的生物相容性、降解性、可塑性和骨传导性,是治疗骨质疏松骨缺损的一种有效方法。
目的:全面综述了聚氨酯体系对骨缺损的疗效,并探讨了聚氨酯与具成骨活性成分的结合,以促进骨质疏松性骨缺损修复的研究思路。
方法:以“osteoporosis,bone defect,polyurethane  repair,Polyurethane loaded drug,Optimize physical structure” 为英文关键词,检索PubMed数据库2003-2020年发表的文献;以“骨质疏松,聚氨酯修复,骨缺损,加载活性因子,加载药物”为中文关键词,检索中国知网2007-2021年发表的文献。
结果与结论:目前,用于骨修复的传统聚氨酯材料对于骨质疏松性骨缺损的针对性不强,需要进一步优化其结构设计和生物功能,以更好地适用于骨质疏松性骨缺损治疗的需求。一方面,调控其机械强度,确保必要的骨传导性,稳定骨缺损处的内固定不发生复位丢失,并为骨组织再生提供三维空间,这主要可通过设计聚氨酯的单体组分和新型结构来实现,确保相应的力学匹配性,防止骨折的进一步发展以及二次骨折的风险。另一方面,为了加快骨愈合,需要赋予聚氨酯生物活性成分,介导成骨破骨的动态平衡,加速骨缺损再生。此外,为了改善骨质疏松病理环境,靶向缓释骨质疏松治疗药物具有极大的应用前景。但是,如何将抗骨质疏松药物有效结合到聚氨酯材料,保障其长久控释,使其释放动力学与成骨过程相匹配,并控制其使用量在安全范围内,仍有待进一步深入细致研究。

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7919-1182 (王路) 

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:生物材料;骨生物材料口腔生物材料纳米材料缓释材料材料相容性;组织工程

关键词: 骨质疏松, 骨缺损, 聚氨酯, 骨修复, 载药体系, 优化结构, 抗炎, 活性离子

Abstract: BACKGROUND: Polyurethane scaffolds, as the basic framework of bone tissue engineering, have good biocompatibility, degradability, plasticity and bone conductivity, which is an effective method for the treatment of bone defects caused by osteoporosis.
OBJECTIVE: To review the therapeutic effect of polyurethane system on bone defects, and to explore the combination of polyurethane with active components of osteogenesis so as to promote research idea of the repair of osteoporotic bone defects.
METHODS: Using “osteoporosis, bone defect, polyurethane repair, polyurethane loaded drug, optimize physical structure” as English key words, PubMed was searched for articles published from 2003 to 2020. Using “osteoporosis, polyurethane repair, bone defect, loaded active factor, loaded drug” as Chinese key words, CNKI was retrieved for articles published from 2007 to 2021. 
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: At present, the traditional polyurethane materials used for bone repair are not well targeted for osteoporotic bone defects, and its structural design and biological function need to be further optimized to better meet the needs of osteoporotic bone defect treatment. On the one hand, the regulation of its mechanical strength, to ensure that the necessary bone conductibility, stable internal fixation of bone defect does not occur reset loss, and to provide three-dimensional space for bone tissue regeneration; these are mainly achieved through the design of the polyurethane monomer composition and structure of new type, to ensure that the corresponding mechanical matching, to prevent the further development of the fracture and secondary fracture risk. On the other hand, in order to accelerate bone healing, it is necessary to give polyurethane bioactive components to mediate the dynamic balance of osteogenesis and osteoclasts and accelerate bone defect regeneration. In addition, in order to improve the pathological environment of osteoporosis, targeted sustained release drugs for osteoporosis have great application prospects. However, how to combine anti-osteoporosis drugs into polyurethane materials effectively, ensure its long-term controlled release, match its release kinetics with the process of osteogenesis, and control its usage within a safe range remains to be further studied in detail.

Key words: osteoporosis, bone defect, polyurethane, bone repair, drug delivery system, optimize structure, anti-inflammatory, active ion

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