中国组织工程研究 ›› 2022, Vol. 26 ›› Issue (24): 3886-3891.doi: 10.12307/2022.571

• 牙髓及牙周膜干细胞 Dental pulp and periodontal ligament stem cells • 上一篇    下一篇

雌激素刺激下人牙周膜干细胞成骨分化及通路间的交叉串扰

金  珂1,吴晓玲2,罗小玲1,胥鹏飞1,徐晓梅1   

  1. 1西南医科大学附属口腔医院正畸科,口颌面修复重建与再生实验室,四川省泸州市  646000;2阆中市人民医院,四川省阆中市  637400
  • 收稿日期:2021-02-19 接受日期:2021-04-24 出版日期:2022-08-28 发布日期:2022-01-24
  • 通讯作者: 徐晓梅,博士,副教授,西南医科大学附属口腔医院正畸科,口颌面修复重建与再生实验室,四川省泸州市 646000
  • 作者简介:金珂,女,1994年生,四川省自贡市人,汉族,西南医科大学在读硕士,医师,主要从事牙周膜干细胞成骨和自噬相关研究。
  • 基金资助:
    四川省科技厅项目(2021YJ0151),项目负责人:徐晓梅;泸州市人民政府-西南医科大学科技战略合作项目(2020LZXNYDZ06),项目负责人:徐晓梅

Osteogenic differentiation of human periodontal ligament stem cells under estrogen and crosstalk between the two pathways

Jin Ke1, Wu Xiaoling2, Luo Xiaoling1, Xu Pengfei1, Xu Xiaomei1   

  1. 1Orofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration Laboratory, Department of Orthodontics, the Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, Sichuan Province, China; 2Langzhong People’s Hospital, Langzhong 637400, Sichuan Province, China
  • Received:2021-02-19 Accepted:2021-04-24 Online:2022-08-28 Published:2022-01-24
  • Contact: Xu Xiaomei, MD, Associate professor, Orofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration Laboratory, Department of Orthodontics, the Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, Sichuan Province, China
  • About author:Jin Ke, Master candidate, Physician, Orofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration Laboratory, Department of Orthodontics, the Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, Sichuan Province, China
  • Supported by:
    the Project of Science and Technology Department of Sichuan Province, No. 2021YJ0151 (to XXM); the Science and Technology Strategic Cooperation Project between Luzhou Municipal People’s Government and Southwest Medical University, No. 2020LZXNYDZ06 (to XXM)

摘要:

文题释义:
雌激素:是一类具有广泛生物学活性的类固醇类激素,是调节骨代谢和成骨诱导的重要影响因素之一。
Wnt/β-catenin信号通路:Wnt信号通路根据是否依赖β-catenin激活下游信号分子,分为经典Wnt信号通路和非经典Wnt信号通路。经典Wnt信号通路即Wnt/β-catenin信号通路,它在进化中高度保守,参与调控细胞的增殖、凋亡等,胞浆中稳定存在的β-catenin是经典Wnt信号转导的关键。
Wnt/Ca2+信号通路:Wnt/Ca2+信号通路是非经典Wnt信号通路的重要组成部分。它的激活不依赖β-catenin,由Wnt5a类与Frizzed受体结合,在G蛋白介导下可上调细胞内Ca2+,激活下游信号分子而引起细胞效应。Wnt/Ca2+信号通路被证实可调控包括增殖、多向分化、衰老、凋亡等在内的多项细胞生命活动。

背景:以干细胞为基础的牙周组织再生工程为牙周病治疗提供了广阔前景。雌激素诱导的人牙周膜干细胞成骨分化与Wnt信号通路息息相关。
目的:探讨雌激素刺激下Wnt/β-catenin和Wnt/Ca2+信号通路对人牙周膜干细胞成骨分化的影响及通路间的交叉串扰。
方法:收集牙周状态健康的前磨牙,分离纯化培养人牙周膜干细胞,流式细胞仪检测表面标志物,茜素红和油红O染色检测成骨成脂分化潜能。取第3代人牙周膜干细胞,随机分为空白组、对照组、雌激素组、XAV939(Wnt/β-catenin通路抑制剂)组、L-690,330(Wnt/Ca2+通路抑制剂)组和XAV939+L-690,330组,除空白组外,其他组均进行成骨诱导培养。qRT-PCR和Western blot检测各组成骨标志物(Runx2、OCN)及Wnt/β-catenin和Wnt/Ca2+通路关键信号分子表达;Fluo-4荧光探针检测细胞内Ca2+浓度;碱性磷酸酶试剂盒检测碱性磷酸酶活性;茜素红染色检测成骨分化能力。 
结果与结论:①胶原酶消化法分离纯化培养的人牙周膜干细胞呈纺锤形、多边形,流式检测显示其表现出类似间充质干细胞的免疫表型,且具有成骨成脂分化潜能;②10-7 mol/L雌激素可上调人牙周膜干细胞内Ca2+浓度、Wnt/Ca2+通路关键信号分子CaMKII和NLK基因及CaMKII蛋白的表达;③联合使用Wnt/β-catenin和Wnt/Ca2+通路抑制剂能有效抑制细胞成骨分化;④单独使用任一通路抑制剂会上调另一通路活性,但对细胞的成骨分化无显著影响;⑤结果表明,雌激素通过Wnt/β-catenin和Wnt/Ca2+信号通路诱导人牙周膜干细胞成骨分化,且两通路间存在交互串扰,共同促进人牙周膜干细胞的成骨分化。

https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2211-655X(徐晓梅) 

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:干细胞;骨髓干细胞;造血干细胞;脂肪干细胞;肿瘤干细胞;胚胎干细胞;脐带脐血干细胞;干细胞诱导;干细胞分化;组织工程

关键词: 干细胞, 人牙周膜干细胞, 雌激素, 成骨分化, Wnt/β-catenin, Wnt/Ca2+, 串扰, 通路

Abstract: BACKGROUND: Periodontal tissue regeneration engineering based on stem cells provides a broad prospect for the treatment of periodontal diseases. Estrogen-mediated osteogenic differentiation in human periodontal ligament stem cells is closely related to the Wnt signaling pathway.
OBJECTIVE: To study the regulation of Wnt/β-catenin and Wnt/Ca2+ signaling pathways on estrogen-mediated osteogenic differentiation in human periodontal ligament stem cells, as well as the crosstalk between the two pathways.  
METHODS: Premolars with healthy periodontal condition were collected to isolate and culture human periodontal ligament stem cells. Surface markers of the cells were detected by flow cytometry. The osteogenic/adipogenic differentiation potential was detected by Alizarin red S and Oil red O staining. The third-generation human periodontal ligament stem cells were randomly divided into blank group, control group, estrogen group, XAV939 (Wnt/β-catenin pathway inhibitor) group, L-690,330 (Wnt/Ca2+ pathway inhibitor) group, and XAV939+L-690,330 group. Except for the blank group, all other groups were cultured for osteogenic induction. qRT-PCR and western blot assay were performed to measure expression of osteogenic markers (Runx2, OCN) and key signal molecules of Wnt/β-catenin and Wnt/Ca2+ pathway. Intracellular Ca2+ concentration was evaluated by Fluo-4 fluorescent probe. Alkaline phosphatase assay was conducted to measure the alkaline phosphatase activity. Osteogenic differentiation potential was detected by Alizarin red S staining. 
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) The human periodontal ligament stem cells isolated and purified by collagenase digestion were spindle shaped and polygonal. Flow cytometry proved that human periodontal ligament stem cells were of mesenchymal origin, and they also demonstrated the capacity to differentiate into osteogenic/adipogenic lineages. (2) Estrogen at 10-7 mol/L in the osteogenic medium can upregulate intracellular Ca2+ concentration, CaMKII and NLK gene expression and CaMKII protein expression of human periodontal ligament stem cells. (3) The usage of Wnt/β-catenin and Wnt/Ca2+ signaling pathway inhibitors can minimize osteogenic differentiation. (4) Inhibiting either of the two signaling pathways can increase crucial protein expression of the other pathway, which had no significant effect on the osteogenic differentiation of the cells. (5) In conclusion, estrogen through Wnt/Ca2+ and Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathways induces osteogenic differentiation of human periodontal ligament stem cells. In addition, there is mutual compensation between the two pathways, thus working together to regulate osteogenic differentiation.  

Key words: stem cells, human periodontal ligament stem cells, estrogen, osteogenic differentiation, Wnt/β-catenin, Wnt/Ca2+, crosstalk, pathways

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